Java 中网络相关 API：InetAddress、URL 的应用

Java 中网络相关 API 的应用

(1)Java 中的 InetAddress 的应用 （此类表示互联网协议(IP) 地址），使用方法如下：

public class InetAddressDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException {
        //获取本机的InetAddress实例
        InetAddress address1=InetAddress.getLocalHost();
        System.out.println("主机名："+address1.getHostName());
        System.out.println("IP地址："+address1.getHostAddress());

        System.out.println("......................................");

        // 根据机器名获取InetAddress实例
        InetAddress address2=InetAddress.getByName("169.254.229.169");
        System.out.println("主机名："+address2.getHostName());
        System.out.println("IP地址："+address2.getHostAddress());
    }
}

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(2)Java 中的 URL 的应用

//URL常用方法
public class URLDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException {
        URL url=new URL("https://www.so.com/s?ie=utf-8&shb=1&src=360sou_newhome&q=socket%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B");
        System.out.println("协议："+url.getProtocol());
        System.out.println("主机："+url.getHost());
        System.out.println("端口："+url.getPort());
        System.out.println("文件路径："+url.getPath());
        System.out.println("文件名："+url.getRef());
        System.out.println("查询字符串："+url.getQuery());
    }
}

//URL操纵网络中的资源
public class URLonlineDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //创建一个URL实例
        URL url=new URL("http://www.baidu.com");
        //通过URL中的openStream方法获取URL对象所表示的资源的字节输入流
        InputStream inputStream=url.openStream();
        //将字节输入流转化为字符输入流
        InputStreamReader inputStreamReader=new InputStreamReader(inputStream,"UTF-8");
        //为字符输入流添加缓冲
        BufferedReader bufferedReader=new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
        String data=bufferedReader.readLine();
        while(null!=data){
            System.out.println(data);
            data=bufferedReader.readLine();
        }
        bufferedReader.close();
        inputStreamReader.close();
        inputStream.close();
    }
}