最近看老罗视频,做了一个简单的用户注册系统。用户通过网页(JSP)输入用户名、真名和密码,Servlet接收后通过JDBC将信息保存到MySQL中。虽然是个简单的不能再简单的东西,但麻雀虽小,五脏俱全,在此做一归纳和整理。下面先上源码:
一、index.jsp
- <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
- <%
- String path = request.getContextPath();
- String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
- %>
- <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>后台管理系统</title>
- <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
- <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
- <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
- <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
- <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
- <!--
- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
- -->
- </head>
- <body>
- <h1 align=center>欢迎您的注册
- </h1>
- <br>
- <font size="6"><a href="<%=path%>/pass.jsp"><font color="#0000ff">点击注册 </font>
- </a></font>
- </body>
- </html>
二、点击上面的“点击注册”就跳转到了pass.jsp:
- <span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;"><%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
- <%
- String path = request.getContextPath();
- %>
- <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>后台管理系统</title>
- <meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
- <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
- <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
- <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
- <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
- <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
- <style type="text/css">
- .neon {
- FILTER: glow(color = #002E60, strength = 3)
- }
- DIV {
- WIDTH: 70px
- }
- BODY {
- MARGIN: 0px
- }
- BODY {
- MARGIN-TOP: 0px;
- SCROLLBAR-FACE-COLOR: #005fc5;
- FONT-SIZE: 12px;
- BACKGROUND: #ffffff;
- SCROLLBAR-HIGHLIGHT-COLOR: #799ae1;
- SCROLLBAR-SHADOW-COLOR: #799ae1;
- SCROLLBAR-3DLIGHT-COLOR: #005fc5;
- SCROLLBAR-ARROW-COLOR: #ffffff;
- SCROLLBAR-TRACK-COLOR: #aabfec;
- SCROLLBAR-DARKSHADOW-COLOR: #799ae1
- }
- </STYLE>
- <LINK href="<%=path%>/images/duan_1.css" type=text/css rel=stylesheet>
- <META content="MSHTML 6.00.2800.1106" name=GENERATOR>
- <style type="text/css">
- .style6 {
- COLOR: #0000ff
- }
- .STYLE7 {
- COLOR: #003366;
- font-size: 12px;
- }
- </style>
- <script type="text/javascript">
- function dosubmit() {
- var th = document.form1;
- if (th.username.value == "") {
- alert("用户名不能为空");
- th.username.focus();
- return;
- }
- if (th.realname.value == "") {
- alert("姓名 不能为空");
- th.realname.focus();
- return;
- }
- if (th.pswd.value == "") {
- alert("密码不能为空");
- th.pswd.focus();
- return;
- }
- th.action="<%=path%>/servlet/RegisterAction"
- th.submit();
- }
- </script>
- </head>
- <body bgColor=#ffffff
- οnlοad="MM_preloadImages('<%=path%>/images/ok_2.jpg', '<%=path%>/images/fh_2.jpg')">
- <form action="" name="form1" method="post">
- <table height=470 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=580 aligen=center
- border=0>
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td colSpan=3 height=9 />
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td vAlign=top width=8 background="<%=path%>/images/dhpddw.gif"
- rowSpan=2>
- <!-- DWLayoutEmptyCell --> </td>
- <td background="<%=path%>/images/h-1.gif" height=9></td>
- <td width=9 height=9><IMG height=9
- src="<%=path%>/images/jiao.gif" width=9>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td vAlign=top align=right width=743 height=452>
- <table cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=556 border=0>
- <!-- DWLayoutTable -->
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td vAligh=bottom width=548 height=27><IMG height=10
- src="<%=path%>/images/jt2.gif" width=10> <span
- class="1bt">用户注册</span>
- </td>
- <td width=8 rowSpan=3> </td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td bgColor="#ffffff" height=22></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class=unnamed1 vAligh=top height=9>
- <table width="99%" border=0 cellPadding=4 cellSpacing=1
- bgColor="#0867b3">
- <tbody>
- <TR bgColor=#ffffff height=20>
- <TD width=14% noWrap class="STYLE7">用户名</TD>
- <TD width=24% valign="top" noWrap><INPUT class=text2
- maxLength=20 size=18 name="username" minLength="1">
- </TD>
- <TD width=62% noWrap><span class="STYLE7">必须填写!</span>
- </TD>
- </TR>
- <TR bgColor=#ffffff height=20>
- <TD height="4" noWrap><span class="STYLE7">姓 名</span>
- </TD>
- <TD height="4" valign="top" noWrap><INPUT class=text2
- maxLength=20 size=18 name="realname" minLength="1">
- </TD>
- <TD height="4" noWrap><span class="STYLE7">必须填写!</span>
- </TD>
- </TR>
- <TR bgColor=#ffffff height=20>
- <TD height="2" noWrap><span class="STYLE7">密码 </span>
- </TD>
- <TD height="2" valign="top" noWrap><INPUT
- type="password" class=text2 maxLength=20 size=18
- name="pswd" minLength="1">
- </TD>
- <TD height="2" noWrap><span class="STYLE7">必填项</span>
- </TD>
- </TR>
- </tbody>
- </table> <br>
- </td>
- </tr>
- <TR>
- <TD height=20 align="center"><a
- href="javascript:dosubmit();"><img
- src="<%=path%>/images/ok_1.jpg" name="Image8" width="60"
- height="22" border="0"> </a> <a
- href="<%=path%>/index.jsp"><img
- src="<%=path%>/images/fh_1.jpg" name="Image9" width="60"
- height="22" border="0"> </a>
- </TD>
- <TD></TD>
- </TR>
- </tbody>
- </table>
- </td>
- <TD width=9 background="<%=path%>/images/s-1.gif"></TD>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
- </form>
- </body>
- </html>
- </span>
不得不说JavaWeb是一个绝好的理解MVC架构思想的载体,上述有四个包,每个包下面一个文件。在功能的划分上有条不紊。
1、com.product.jdbc.dbutil 这个包里是基于jdbc驱动的一个工具类JdbcUtils.java,代码已经贴出来了,参见前文
2、com.product.register.action所谓的action扮演了MVC里的C的角色,即Control层,里面放的是各种Servlet。接收来自V(View)---客户端页面jsp回传的数据,然后调M层,把数据存进去。RegisterAction.java的代码:
- <span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;">package com.product.register.action;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.PrintWriter;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.List;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import org.hibernate.validator.util.GetConstructor;
- import com.product.register.dao.RegisterDao;
- import com.product.register.service.RegisterService;
- public class RegisterAction extends HttpServlet {
- /**
- *
- */
- private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
- private RegisterService service;
- /**
- * Constructor of the object.
- */
- public RegisterAction() {
- super();
- }
- /**
- * Destruction of the servlet. <br>
- */
- public void destroy() {
- super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log
- // Put your code here
- }
- /**
- * The doGet method of the servlet. <br>
- *
- * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get.
- *
- * @param request the request send by the client to the server
- * @param response the response send by the server to the client
- * @throws ServletException if an error occurred
- * @throws IOException if an error occurred
- */
- public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws ServletException, IOException {
- this.doPost(request, response);
- }
- /**
- * The doPost method of the servlet. <br>
- *
- * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post.
- *
- * @param request the request send by the client to the server
- * @param response the response send by the server to the client
- * @throws ServletException if an error occurred
- * @throws IOException if an error occurred
- */
- public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws ServletException, IOException {
- String path = request.getContextPath();
- request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
- response.setContentType("text/html; charset=utf-8");
- PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
- String username = request.getParameter("username");
- String realname = request.getParameter("realname");
- String pswd = request.getParameter("pswd");
- System.out.println("username = " + username + " realname = " + realname
- +" pswd = " + pswd);
- List<Object> params = new ArrayList<Object>();
- params.add(username);
- params.add(pswd);
- params.add(realname);
- boolean flag = service.registerUser(params);
- if(flag){
- out.println("注册成功");
- response.sendRedirect(path + "/index.jsp");
- }else{
- out.println("注册失败");
- }
- out.flush();
- out.close();
- }
- /**
- * Initialization of the servlet. <br>
- *
- * @throws ServletException if an error occurs
- */
- public void init() throws ServletException {
- // Put your code here
- service = new RegisterDao();
- }
- }
- </span>
3.com.product.register.service 这里的service其实是一个接口,RegisterService.java代码:
- <span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;">package com.product.register.service;
- import java.util.List;
- public interface RegisterService {
- public boolean registerUser(List<Object> params);
- }</span>
4.既然有接口就一定有接口的实现者,实现者就是com.product.register.dao下的RegisterDao.java, 负责操纵数据库,将信息存到表里。
- <span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;">package com.product.register.dao;
- import java.util.List;
- import com.product.jdbc.dbutil.JdbcUtils;
- import com.product.register.service.RegisterService;
- public class RegisterDao implements RegisterService {
- private JdbcUtils jdbcUtils = null;
- public RegisterDao() {
- // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
- jdbcUtils = new JdbcUtils();
- }
- /* 完成用户对注册的Dao的编写
- * @see com.product.register.service.RegisterService#registerUser(java.util.List)
- */
- @Override
- public boolean registerUser(List<Object> params) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- boolean flag = false;
- jdbcUtils.getConnection();
- String sql = "insert into userinfo(username, pswd, realname) values (?, ?, ?)";
- try{
- flag = jdbcUtils.updateByPreparedStatement(sql, params);
- }catch(Exception e){
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- finally{
- jdbcUtils.releaseConn();
- }
- return flag;
- }
- }
- </span>
下图是输入一个用户的信息:
用Navicat打开数据库可以看到:
代码就完毕了,下面是开发要点:
1、关于中文乱码的问题,按老罗的视频一开始我的也乱码,经研究需要三个地方同时设置utf-8编码,第一是数据库里表的编码,第二是jsp的编码:pageEncoding="utf-8" 第三是在Servlet里同时设置response和request的编码,代码如下:
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html; charset=utf-8"); 记住是缺一不可哦!!!
2、关于JSP往JSP页面的跳转很简单:
<a href="<%=path%>/pass.jsp">点击注册</a> 超链接里直接放要跳转jsp的相对路径即可。
3、JSP往Servlet跳转:
<a href="javascript:dosubmit();">
<img src="<%=path%>/images/ok_1.jpg" name="Image8" width="60" height="22" border="0"> </a>
也是用的href超链接,在地址里写"javascript:dosubmit();". 这就需要定义dosubmit()函数:
- <span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;"><script type="text/javascript">
- function dosubmit() {
- var th = document.form1;
- if (th.username.value == "") {
- alert("用户名不能为空");
- th.username.focus();
- return;
- }
- if (th.realname.value == "") {
- alert("姓名 不能为空");
- th.realname.focus();
- return;
- }
- if (th.pswd.value == "") {
- alert("密码不能为空");
- th.pswd.focus();
- return;
- }
- th.action="<%=path%>/servlet/RegisterAction"
- th.submit();
- }
- </script></span>
获得一个表单,然后根据input时的名字获取对应value,
<INPUT class=text2 maxLength=20 size=18 name="username" minLength="1">
4、上面可以看到jsp往servlet跳转过程中先经过javascript,接下来说白了是javascript往servlet跳转:
th.action="<%=path%>/servlet/RegisterAction"
th.submit();
5、Servlet往jsp跳转:
response.sendRedirect(path + "/index.jsp");这种方法浏览器地址发生变化,传参数可以再URL地址里或用session,不能使用request.setAttribute来传参数。另一种使用forward来传,详细参见这里: 链接1 链接2
6、纵观整个架构,RegisterAction是控制中枢,数据经jsp----javascript传到RegisterAction。在RegisterAction里创建了接口Service的实例RegisterDao,用Dao来存数据。
关于javaEE的各层分工,详见这里
7.因为要访问数据库,记得将mysql-connector-java-5.1.26-bin.jar拷贝到WebRoot文件夹下的WEB-INF/lib文件夹下。
另外在web.xml里要配对,jsp里用到了css。其他的细节看源码吧。