- 单个文件的上传
- 多个文件的上传
- 文件上传的过滤
- 文件的下载
- ajax文件上传
1.单个文件的上传
1)struts2默认是采用apache的上传组件 commons-fileupload进行上传。 引入相关jar包:- commons-fileupload-1.3.1.jar
- commons-io-2.2.jar
2)修改前台页面form表单的enctype属性的值为
multipart/form-data
enctype的默认值为:application/x-www-form-urlencoded
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
%>
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>文件的上传与下载页面</title>
<meta name="Keywords" content="">
<meta name="Description" content="">
<script type="text/javascript" src="<%=path%>/js/jquery-1.11.0.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="<%=path%>/js/util.js" /></script>
</head>
<body>
<h2>文件的上传</h2>
<form action="<%=path%>/upload.action" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
文件:<input type="file" name="myFile" />
<input type="submit" value="上传文件" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
3)处理upload.action请求的业务控制类
package com.lyu.struts.sysmanage.action;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
/**
* <p>Title:单个文件上传的业务控制类</p>
* <p>Description:</p>
* <p>Company:lyu</p>
* <p>Copyright:Copyright(c)2017</p>
* @author MrQuJL
* @date 2017年12月18日 下午5:03:18
* @version V1.0
*/
public class UploadAction {
// 获取文件
private File myFile;
// 获取文件的名称
private String myFileFileName;
// 获取文件的类型
private String myFileContentType;
public File getMyFile() {
return myFile;
}
public void setMyFile(File myFile) {
this.myFile = myFile;
}
public String getMyFileFileName() {
return myFileFileName;
}
public void setMyFileFileName(String myFileFileName) {
this.myFileFileName = myFileFileName;
}
public String getMyFileContentType() {
return myFileContentType;
}
public void setMyFileContentType(String myFileContentType) {
this.myFileContentType = myFileContentType;
}
public String gotoUpload() {
return "success";
}
public String execute() {
// 1.确定上传的文件保存的位置
String uploadRootPath = "D:\\upload";
// 2.判断这个文件夹是否存在,不存在创建
File file = new File(uploadRootPath);
if (!file.exists()) {
file.mkdir();
}
// 3.将文件放到InputStream里面,然后outputstream写入文件
InputStream is = null;
OutputStream os = null;
try {
is = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(myFile));
os = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(uploadRootPath + "\\" + myFileFileName));
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int byteLen = 0;
while ((byteLen = is.read(buffer)) > 0) {
os.write(buffer, 0, byteLen);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// 记录日志
} finally {
if (is != null) {
try {
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// 记录日志
}
}
if (os != null) {
try {
os.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// 记录日志
}
}
}
return "success";
}
}
注:用来接收前台发来的文件的属性名必须和表单提交的type="file"的input的name值相同,若要直接获取文件名称,则定义的属性名的固定格式为:前台的name+“FileName”,同理获取文件类型的格式为:name+“ContentType”,这里的name都是指前台提交过来的表单的input的name值。
2.多个文件的上传
多个文件的上传和单个文件类似,前台添加多个相同name的input,后台用File数组接收,用for循环进行遍历。前台代码:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
%>
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>文件的上传与下载页面</title>
<meta name="Keywords" content="">
<meta name="Description" content="">
<script type="text/javascript" src="<%=path%>/js/jquery-1.11.0.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="<%=path%>/js/util.js" /></script>
</head>
<body>
<h2>文件的批量上传</h2>
<form action="<%=path%>/uploadBatch.action" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
文件1:<input type="file" name="myFile" /><br/>
文件2:<input type="file" name="myFile" /><br/>
文件3:<input type="file" name="myFile" /><br/>
文件4:<input type="file" name="myFile" /><br/>
<input type="submit" value="上传文件" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
后台的业务控制类:
package com.lyu.struts.sysmanage.action;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
/**
* <p>Title:多个文件上传的业务控制类</p>
* <p>Description:</p>
* <p>Company:lyu</p>
* <p>Copyright:Copyright(c)2017</p>
* @author MrQuJL
* @date 2017年12月18日 下午5:03:18
* @version V1.0
*/
public class UploadBatchAction {
// 获取文件
private File[] myFile;
// 获取文件的名称
private String[] myFileFileName;
// 获取文件的类型
private String[] myFileContentType;
public File[] getMyFile() {
return myFile;
}
public void setMyFile(File[] myFile) {
this.myFile = myFile;
}
public String[] getMyFileFileName() {
return myFileFileName;
}
public void setMyFileFileName(String[] myFileFileName) {
this.myFileFileName = myFileFileName;
}
public String[] getMyFileContentType() {
return myFileContentType;
}
public void setMyFileContentType(String[] myFileContentType) {
this.myFileContentType = myFileContentType;
}
public String gotoUploadBatch() {
return "success";
}
public String uploadBatch() {
// 1.确定上传的文件保存的位置
String uploadRootPath = "D:\\upload";
// 2.判断这个文件夹是否存在,不存在创建
File file = new File(uploadRootPath);
if (!file.exists()) {
file.mkdir();
}
// 3.将文件放到InputStream里面,然后outputstream写入文件
// 这里用for循环遍历数组
for (int i = 0; i < myFile.length; i++) {
InputStream is = null;
OutputStream os = null;
try {
is = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(myFile[i]));
os = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(uploadRootPath + "\\" + myFileFileName[i]));
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int byteLen = 0;
while ((byteLen = is.read(buffer)) > 0) {
os.write(buffer, 0, byteLen);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
} finally {
if (is != null) {
try {
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (os != null) {
try {
os.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
return "success";
}
}
3.文件上传的过滤
1 . 定义允许上传的文件的类型 比如只准上传图片类型image/bmp,image/png,image/gif,image/jpeg2 . 配置文件的action里面添加一个param标签,name值随意,用来限定上传文件的类型,用逗号分隔。
<action name="upload" class="com.lyu.struts.sysmanage.action.UploadAction">
<result>/WEB-INF/views/upload_suc.jsp</result>
<result name="fail">/WEB-INF/views/upload_err.jsp</result>
<param name="allowTypes">image/bmp,image/png,image/gif,image/jpeg</param>
</action>
3 . 在业务控制类里面定义变量来获取在配置文件配置的参数,参数名和配置文件的param的name值相同
private String allowTypes;
public String getAllowTypes() {
return allowTypes;
}
public void setAllowTypes(String allowTypes) {
this.allowTypes = allowTypes;
}
4 . 业务控制类在进行IO流读写之前先判断文件的类型是否匹配,不匹配返回错误提示。
boolean allowedFlag = false;
String[] allowTypeArray = allowTypes.split(",");
for (String fileType : allowTypeArray) {
if (fileType.equals(myFileContentType)) {
allowedFlag = true;
}
}
if (allowedFlag) {
// 上传到指定文件夹或者数据库
} else {
// 返回错误信息,以及视图
}
4.文件的下载
前台写一个action请求即可: <h2>文件的下载</h2>
<form action="<%=path%>/download.action" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="submit" value="下载" />
</form>
后台只写一个get流的方法来获取下载的输入流:
public InputStream getDownloadFile() throws Exception {
// 这是绝对路径的读法
return new FileInputStream("D:\\upload\\compare.jpg");
// 项目内路径下载
// ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/upload/compare.jpg");
}
配置文件的resultType为stream:
<action name="download" class="com.lyu.struts.sysmanage.action.DownloadAction" method = "download">
<result type="stream">
<!--
attachment以附件的形式下载
inline在网页中直接打开
-->
<!-- 下面的两个名称固定 -->
<param name="contentDisposition">attachment;fileName="321.jpg"</param>
<!-- value与get方法的后半截相同 -->
<param name="inputName">downloadFile</param>
</result>
</action>
fileName为下载文件的临时名称。
<!-- inputName是为了获得action里面的业务控制类的get方法的后半截的输入流 -->
<param name="inputName">downloadFile</param>
5.ajax文件上传
前台需要导入两个js文件: 1.jquery-1.11.0.js 2.ajaxfileupload.js 前台任然需要一个input表单,不过提交按钮不用submit换成一个普通的button,为该按钮添加onclick事件,在js代码里面需要用到刚才引入的ajaxfileupload.js里面的$.ajaxFileUpload方法,代码如下:<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
%>
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>文件的上传与下载页面</title>
<meta name="Keywords" content="">
<meta name="Description" content="">
<script type="text/javascript" src="<%=path%>/js/jquery-1.11.0.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="<%=path%>/js/ajaxfileupload.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<h2>ajax文件的上传</h2>
<form>
文件:<input type="file" id="myFileAjax" name="myFileAjax" /><br/>
<input type="button" value="ajax文件的上传" onclick="updownMgr.upload();" />
</form>
<script type="text/javascript">
var updownMgr = {
upload : function() {
$.ajaxFileUpload({
url : 'uploadAjax.action', // 用于文件上传的请求地址
fileElementId : 'myFileAjax', // 待上传文件的id属性,id和name需相等
dataType : 'text', // 返回数据的类型
success : function(data, status) {
alert(data);
},
error : function(data, status, e) {
alert(data + "文件上传失败");
}
});
}
};
</script>
</body>
</html>
后台代码和单个文件的上传类似,不同的是action不需要返回值,通过response里面的打印流向前台回传提示信息,代码如下:
package com.lyu.struts.sysmanage.action;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
/**
* <p>Title:单个文件上传的业务控制类</p>
* <p>Description:</p>
* <p>Company:lyu</p>
* <p>Copyright:Copyright(c)2017</p>
* @author MrQuJL
* @date 2017年12月18日 下午5:03:18
* @version V1.0
*/
public class UploadAjaxAction {
// 获取文件
private File myFileAjax;
// 获取文件的名称
private String myFileAjaxFileName;
// 获取文件的类型
private String myFileAjaxContentType;
private String message;
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
public File getMyFileAjax() {
return myFileAjax;
}
public void setMyFileAjax(File myFileAjax) {
this.myFileAjax = myFileAjax;
}
public String getMyFileAjaxFileName() {
return myFileAjaxFileName;
}
public void setMyFileAjaxFileName(String myFileAjaxFileName) {
this.myFileAjaxFileName = myFileAjaxFileName;
}
public String getMyFileAjaxContentType() {
return myFileAjaxContentType;
}
public void setMyFileAjaxContentType(String myFileAjaxContentType) {
this.myFileAjaxContentType = myFileAjaxContentType;
}
public String gotoUpload() {
return "success";
}
public String uploadAjax() throws Exception {
// 1.确定上传的文件保存的位置
String uploadRootPath = "D:\\upload";
// 2.判断这个文件夹是否存在,不存在创建
File file = new File(uploadRootPath);
if (!file.exists()) {
file.mkdir();
}
// 3.将文件放到InputStream里面,然后outputstream写入文件
InputStream is = null;
OutputStream os = null;
try {
is = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(myFileAjax));
os = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(uploadRootPath + "\\" + myFileAjaxFileName));
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int byteLen = 0;
while ((byteLen = is.read(buffer)) > 0) {
os.write(buffer, 0, byteLen);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
} finally {
if (is != null) {
try {
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (os != null) {
try {
os.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
this.message = "ajax文件上传成功";
HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.print(message);
out.close();
return null;
}
}
既然后台不需要返回值,那么配置文件中就不需要配置result,代码如下:
...
<!-- ajax文件上传 -->
<action name="uploadAjax" class="com.lyu.struts.sysmanage.action.UploadAjaxAction" method="uploadAjax">
</action>
...