Java Socket发送与接收HTTP消息简单实现

 

在上次Java Socket现实简单的HTTP服务我们实现了简单的HTTP服务,它可以用来模拟HTTP服务,用它可以截获HTTP请求的原始码流,让我们很清楚的了解到我们向服务发的HTTP消息的结构,对HTTP请求消息有个清晰的认识。这一节我想写了一个客户的程序,就是用来模拟浏览器,用来向服务器发送HTTP请求,最得要的是可以用它来显示服务器发回来的HTTP响应消息的一般结构。

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.ArrayList;

/**
 * 一个简单的HTTP客户端,发送HTTP请求,模拟浏览器
 * 可打印服务器发送过来的HTTP消息
 */
public class SimpleHttpClient {
	private static String encoding = "GBK";

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			Socket s = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 8080);
			OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream());
			StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
			sb.append("GET /HttpStream/gb2312.jsp HTTP/1.1\r\n");
			sb.append("Host: localhost:8088\r\n");
			sb.append("Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n");
			//注,这是关键的关键,忘了这里让我搞了半个小时。这里一定要一个回车换行,表示消息头完,不然服务器会等待
			sb.append("\r\n");
			osw.write(sb.toString());
			osw.flush();

			//--输出服务器传回的消息的头信息
			InputStream is = s.getInputStream();
			String line = null;
			int contentLength = 0;//服务器发送回来的消息长度
			// 读取所有服务器发送过来的请求参数头部信息
			do {
				line = readLine(is, 0);
				//如果有Content-Length消息头时取出
				if (line.startsWith("Content-Length")) {
					contentLength = Integer.parseInt(line.split(":")[1].trim());
				}
				//打印请求部信息
				System.out.print(line);
				//如果遇到了一个单独的回车换行,则表示请求头结束
			} while (!line.equals("\r\n"));

			//--输消息的体
			System.out.print(readLine(is, contentLength));

			//关闭流
			is.close();

		} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	/*
	 * 这里我们自己模拟读取一行,因为如果使用API中的BufferedReader时,它是读取到一个回车换行后
	 * 才返回,否则如果没有读取,则一直阻塞,直接服务器超时自动关闭为止,如果此时还使用BufferedReader
	 * 来读时,因为读到最后一行时,最后一行后不会有回车换行符,所以就会等待。如果使用服务器发送回来的
	 * 消息头里的Content-Length来截取消息体,这样就不会阻塞
	 * 
	 * contentLe 参数 如果为0时,表示读头,读时我们还是一行一行的返回;如果不为0,表示读消息体,
	 * 时我们根据消息体的长度来读完消息体后,客户端自动关闭流,这样不用先到服务器超时来关闭。
	 */
	private static String readLine(InputStream is, int contentLe) throws IOException {
		ArrayList lineByteList = new ArrayList();
		byte readByte;
		int total = 0;
		if (contentLe != 0) {
			do {
				readByte = (byte) is.read();
				lineByteList.add(Byte.valueOf(readByte));
				total++;
			} while (total < contentLe);//消息体读还未读完
		} else {
			do {
				readByte = (byte) is.read();
				lineByteList.add(Byte.valueOf(readByte));
			} while (readByte != 10);
		}

		byte[] tmpByteArr = new byte[lineByteList.size()];
		for (int i = 0; i < lineByteList.size(); i++) {
			tmpByteArr[i] = ((Byte) lineByteList.get(i)).byteValue();
		}
		lineByteList.clear();

		return new String(tmpByteArr, encoding);
	}
}


 

运行时访问一个页面打印如下:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Set-Cookie: JSESSIONID=61F659691475622CE7AB9C84E7AE7273; Path=/HttpStream
Content-Type: text/html;charset=GB2312
Content-Length: 81
Date: Mon, 09 Nov 2009 13:15:23 GMT

  
<html>  
    <body>  
  你好,这是一个简单的测试
    </body> 
</html>

 

下面来个文件下载的看怎么样?

 

请求的Jsp页面如下:

<%@page import="java.io.InputStream" contentType="text/html; charset=GB2312"%>
<%@page import="java.io.FileInputStream"%>

<%@page import="java.io.OutputStream"%><html>
	<body> <br>
		<%
			try {
				InputStream is = new FileInputStream("e:/tmp/file2.txt");
				OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
				byte[] readContent = new byte[1024];
				int readCount = 0;
				while (is.available() > 0) {
					readCount = is.read(readContent);
					os.write(readContent, 0, readCount);
				}
				
				is.close();
				//注这里一定要关闭,不然的话抛异常,异常请见下面,原因就是response.getWriter()
				//与response.getOutputStream()不能同时使用,如果在这里关闭了,前面与后面向
				//out对象里写的数据就不会刷新到客户端了,只有向response.getOutputStream()写的
				//数据会输出到客户端。
				os.close();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		%>
	</body>
</html>


 

如里上面Jsp下载页面中的 os.close() 注释掉的话会抛如下异常:

exception

org.apache.jasper.JasperException: getOutputStream() has already been called for this response
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.handleJspException(JspServletWrapper.java:476)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:383)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:315)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:265)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803)

 

root cause

java.lang.IllegalStateException: getOutputStream() has already been called for this response
	org.apache.catalina.connector.Response.getWriter(Response.java:601)
	org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade.getWriter(ResponseFacade.java:196)
	org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspWriterImpl.initOut(JspWriterImpl.java:125)
	org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspWriterImpl.flushBuffer(JspWriterImpl.java:118)
	org.apache.jasper.runtime.PageContextImpl.release(PageContextImpl.java:185)
	org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspFactoryImpl.internalReleasePageContext(JspFactoryImpl.java:116)
	org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspFactoryImpl.releasePageContext(JspFactoryImpl.java:76)
	org.apache.jsp.gb2312_jsp._jspService(gb2312_jsp.java:78)
	org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:98)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:328)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:315)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:265)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803)

 

以下是服务器经过编译生成的servlet类文件:

package org.apache.jsp;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.jsp.*;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;

public final class gb2312_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
    implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent {

  private static java.util.List _jspx_dependants;

  public Object getDependants() {
    return _jspx_dependants;
  }

  public void _jspService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
        throws java.io.IOException, ServletException {

    JspFactory _jspxFactory = null;
    PageContext pageContext = null;
    HttpSession session = null;
    ServletContext application = null;
    ServletConfig config = null;
    JspWriter out = null;
    Object page = this;
    JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
    PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;


    try {
      _jspxFactory = JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();
      response.setContentType("text/html; charset=GB2312");
      pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
      			null, true, 8192, true);
      _jspx_page_context = pageContext;
      application = pageContext.getServletContext();
      config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
      session = pageContext.getSession();
      out = pageContext.getOut();
      _jspx_out = out;

      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("<html>\r\n");
      out.write("\t<body> <br>\r\n");
      out.write("\t\t");

			try {
				InputStream is = new FileInputStream("e:/tmp/file2.txt");
				OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
				byte[] readContent = new byte[1024];
				int readCount = 0;
				while (is.available() > 0) {
					readCount = is.read(readContent);
					os.write(readContent, 0, readCount);
				}
				
				is.close();
				//注这里一定要关闭,不然的话抛异常,异常请见下面,原因就是response.getWriter()
				//与response.getOutputStream()不能同时使用,如果在这里关闭了,前面与后面向
				//out对象里写的数据就不会刷新到客户端了,只有向response.getOutputStream()写的
				//数据会输出到客户端。
				os.close();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		
      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
      out.write("</html>");
    } catch (Throwable t) {
      if (!(t instanceof SkipPageException)){
        out = _jspx_out;
        if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)
          out.clearBuffer();
        if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
      }
    } finally {
      if (_jspxFactory != null) _jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
    }
  }
}


 

最后是服务向客户端输出的码流如下:

 

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Set-Cookie: JSESSIONID=328097D70C625E8A9279FF9472319A5D; Path=/HttpStream
Content-Type: text/html;charset=GB2312
Content-Length: 60
Date: Mon, 09 Nov 2009 13:19:22 GMT

 

这是测试文件的内容:
中a
~!@#$%^&*()_+{}|:\" <>?`-=[]\\;',./

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Java中,使用Socket实现网络通信,可以很方便地创建客户端和服务器端程序。下面是一个例子,演示如何创建一个TCP服务器接收客户端发送消息: ```java import java.io.*; import java.net.*; public class Server { public static void main(String[] args) { try { // 创建服务器Socket对象 ServerSocket serversocket = new ServerSocket(9999); System.out.println("Waiting for client connection..."); while (true) { // 等待客户端连接 Socket clientsocket = serversocket.accept(); System.out.println("Connected from: " + clientsocket.getRemoteSocketAddress()); // 接收客户端消息 BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientsocket.getInputStream())); String message = in.readLine(); System.out.println("Received from client: " + message); // 关闭连接 clientsocket.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } ``` 上述代码创建了一个TCP服务器,监听本地的9999端口,当有客户端连接时,接收客户端发送消息并打印出来,然后关闭连接。需要注意的是,在接收客户端消息时,使用了BufferedReader类的readLine方法,可以一次性读取一行文本数据。 创建TCP客户端也很简单,可以使用Socket对象的getOutputStream方法发送消息: ```java import java.io.*; import java.net.*; public class Client { public static void main(String[] args) { try { // 创建客户端Socket对象 Socket clientsocket = new Socket("localhost", 9999); // 发送消息 OutputStream out = clientsocket.getOutputStream(); String message = "Hello, server!"; out.write(message.getBytes()); // 关闭连接 clientsocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } ``` 上述代码创建了一个TCP客户端,并连接到本地的9999端口,向服务器发送一条消息"Hello, server!",然后关闭连接。需要注意的是,在发送消息时,使用了OutputStream类的write方法,可以将字节数组写入输出流中。

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