SimpleDateFormat与ThreadLocal

在使用SimpleDateFormat中有时会遇到由于并发而导致的一些问题，比如java.lang.NumberFormatException，这些原因是由于SimpleDateFormat不是线程安全的，之所以不是线程安全的，是因为类中包含了一个共享变量NumberFormat。可以用ThreadLocal来解决这个问题。

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args){


        for(int i = 0; i < 100; i++){
            new Thread(
                    new Runnable() {
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            // No Error
                            //System.out.println(DateFormatUtil.doFormat(Calendar.getInstance(Locale.CHINA).getTime()));
                            // Error
                            //System.out.println(DateFormatUtil.parse("2015-01-01 00:00:00"));
                            // No Error
                            System.out.println(DateFormatUtil.parseThreadSafe("2015-01-01 00:00:00"));
                        }
                    }
            ).start();
        }
    }
}


class DateFormatUtil{
    public static final SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");


    public static final ThreadLocal<SimpleDateFormat> formatThreadSafe = new ThreadLocal<SimpleDateFormat>(){
        @Override
        protected SimpleDateFormat initialValue() {
            return new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        }
    };


    public static String doFormat(Date date){
        return format.format(date);
    }


    public static Date parse(String date){
        try {
            return format.parse(date);
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }


    public static Date parseThreadSafe(String date) {
        try {
            return formatThreadSafe.get().parse(date);
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
}

另外，附上一段Spring Security框架中的用法

final class ThreadLocalSecurityContextHolderStrategy implements SecurityContextHolderStrategy {
    private static final ThreadLocal<SecurityContext> contextHolder = new ThreadLocal();


    ThreadLocalSecurityContextHolderStrategy() {
    }


    public void clearContext() {
        contextHolder.remove();
    }


    public SecurityContext getContext() {
        SecurityContext ctx = (SecurityContext)contextHolder.get();
        if(ctx == null) {
            ctx = this.createEmptyContext();
            contextHolder.set(ctx);
        }


        return ctx;
    }


    public void setContext(SecurityContext context) {
        Assert.notNull(context, "Only non-null SecurityContext instances are permitted");
        contextHolder.set(context);
    }


    public SecurityContext createEmptyContext() {
        return new SecurityContextImpl();
    }
}