socketpair的使用
Linux实现了一个源自BSD的socketpair
调用,可以实现在同一个文件描述符中进行读写的功能。
该系统调用能创建一对已连接的UNIX族socket。
在Linux中,完全可以把这一对socket当成pipe返回的文件描述符一样使用,唯一的区别就是这一对文件描述符中的任何一个都可读和可写,函数原型如下:
<code class="hljs vala has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <sys/types.h></span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <sys/socket.h></span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> socketpair(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> domain, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> type, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> protocol, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> sv[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>]);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>
socketpair()
函数建立一对匿名的已经连接的套接字,其特性由协议族d、类型type、协议protocol决定,建立的两个套接字描述符会放在sv[0]和sv[1]中。
socketpair函数参数说明:
第1个参数domain
,表示协议族,只能为AF_LOCAL
或者AF_UNIX
。
第2个参数type
,表示协议,可以是SOCK_STREAM
或者SOCK_DGRAM
。用SOCK_STREAM
建立的套接字对是管道流,与一般的管道相区别的是,套接字对建立的通道是双向的,即每一端都可以进行读写。
第3个参数protocol
,表示类型,只能为0。
第4个参数sv[2]是接收代表两个套接口的整数数组。每一个文件描述符代表一个套接口,并且与另一个并没有区别。
函数返回值:
如果函数成功,将会返回0值。否则将会返回-1表明创建失败,并且errno来表明特定的错误号。
以下给出个简单的例子,通过socketpair
实现父子间进程通信:
<code class="hljs ocaml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/*socketpair1.c*/</span> #<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">include</span> <sys/types.h> #<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">include</span> <sys/socket.h> #<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">include</span> <stdlib.h> #<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">include</span> <stdio.h> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> main () { <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> fd[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>]; <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> r = socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, fd); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (r < <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>){ perror( <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"socketpair()"</span> ); exit(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (fork()){ <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* 父进程 */</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">val</span> = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; close(fd[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>]); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>){ sleep(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>); ++<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">val</span>; printf(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"发送数据: %d\n"</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">val</span>); write(fd[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>], &<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">val</span>, sizeof(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">val</span>)); read(fd[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>], &<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">val</span>, sizeof(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">val</span>)); printf(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"接收数据: %d\n"</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">val</span>); } }<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span>{ <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/*子进程*/</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">val</span>; close(fd[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>]); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>){ read(fd[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>], &<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">val</span>, sizeof(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">val</span>)); ++<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">val</span>; write(fd[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>], &<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">val</span>, sizeof(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">val</span>)); } } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li></ul>
执行结果:
<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">yu<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@ubuntu</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:~/Linux/</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">217</span>/pro_pool/socketpair<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$ </span>vi socketpair1.c yu<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@ubuntu</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:~/Linux/</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">217</span>/pro_pool/socketpair<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$ </span>gcc -o socketpair1 socketpair1.c yu<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@ubuntu</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:~/Linux/</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">217</span>/pro_pool/socketpair<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$ </span>./socketpair1 发送数据<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> 接收数据<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> 发送数据<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span> 接收数据<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span> 发送数据<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span> 接收数据<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span> ...</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>
分析程序:一开始由socketpair
创建一个套接字对,父进程关闭fd[1],子进程关闭fd[0],父进程sleep(1)
让子进程先执行,子进程read(fd[1], &val, sizeof(val))
阻塞,然后父进程write(fd[0]..)
发送数据,子进程接收数据处理后再发送给父进程数据write(fd[1]..)
,父进程读取数据,打印输出。(注意:socketpair产生的套接字对实现全双工通信)
sendmsg, recvmsg , send函数的使用
sendmsg, recvmsg , send三个函数的头文件:
<code class="hljs vala has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <sys/types.h> </span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <sys/socket.h></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>
sendmsg函数
定义函数
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> sendmsg(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> s, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">const</span> strcut msghdr *msg, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">unsigned</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> flags);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
函数说明:sendmsg()用来将数据由指定的socket传给对方主机.
参数s:为已建立好连线的socket, 如果利用UDP协议则不需经过连线操作.
参数msg:指向欲连线的数据结构内容, 参数flags 一般默认为0, 详细描述请参考send().
返回值:成功返回发送的字节数,出错返回-1
recvmsg函数
定义函数
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> recvmsg(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> s, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">struct</span> msghdr *msg, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">unsigned</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> flags);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
函数说明:recvmsg()用来接收远程主机经指定的socket 传来的数据.
参数s 为已建立好连线的socket, 如果利用UDP 协议则不需经过连线操作.
参数msg 指向欲连线的数据结构内容,
参数flags 一般设0, 详细描述请参考send().
返回值:成功则返回接收到的字符数, 失败则返回-1, 错误原因存于errno 中.
send函数
定义函数:int send(int s, const void * msg, int len, unsigned int falgs);
函数说明:send()用来将数据由指定的socket 传给对方主机.
参数s 为已建立好连接的socket.
参数msg 指向欲连线的数据内容.
参数len 则为数据长度.
参数flags 一般设0, 其他数值定义如下:
MSG_OOB 传送的数据以out-of-band 送出.
MSG_DONTROUTE 取消路由表查询
MSG_DONTWAIT 设置为不可阻断运作
MSG_NOSIGNAL 此动作不愿被SIGPIPE 信号中断.
返回值:成功则返回实际传送出去的字符数, 失败返回-1. 错误原因存于errno.
结构msghdr
定义如下:
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">struct</span> msghdr { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> *msg_name; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//发送或接收数据的地址</span> socklen_t msg_namelen; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//地址长度</span> strcut iovec * msg_iov; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//要发送或接受数据</span> size_t msg_iovlen; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//容器数据长度</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> * msg_control; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//附属数据</span> size_t msg_controllen; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//附属数据长度</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> msg_flags; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//接收消息的标志</span> };</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>
返回值:成功则返回实际传送出去的字符数, 失败返回-1, 错误原因存于errno
错误代码:
<code class="hljs livecodeserver has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>、EBADF 参数s 非合法的<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">socket</span> 处理代码. <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>、EFAULT 参数中有一指针指向无法存取的内存空间 <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>、ENOTSOCK 参数s 为一文件描述词, 非<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">socket</span>. <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>、EINTR 被信号所中断. <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>、EAGAIN 此操作会令进程阻断, 但参数s 的<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">socket</span> 为不可阻断. <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>、ENOBUFS 系统的缓冲内存不足 <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>、ENOMEM 核心内存不足 EINVAL 传给系统调用的参数不正确.</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>
附属数据msg_control
结构
控制信息头部本身由下面的C结构定义:
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">struct</span> cmsghdr { socklen_t cmsg_len; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> cmsg_level; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> cmsg_type; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* u_char cmsg_data[]; */</span> };</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>
其成员描述如下:
<code class="hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">成员 描述 cmsg_len 附属数据的字节计数,这包含结构头的尺寸。这个值是由CMSG_LEN()宏计算的。 cmsg_level 这个值表明了原始的协议级别(例如,SOL_SOCKET)。 cmsg_<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span> 这个值表明了控制信息类型(例如,SCM_RIGHTS)。 cmsg_data 这个成员并不实际存在,用来指明实际的额外附属数据所在的位置。</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>
用sendmsg来传递数据程序实例
<code class="hljs cpp has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/*sendmsg.c*/</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <stdio.h></span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <stdlib.h></span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <unistd.h></span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <errno.h></span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <string.h></span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <sys/types.h></span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <sys/socket.h></span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> main(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> argc,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">char</span> *argv[]) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> ret; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* 返回值 */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> sock[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>]; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* 套接字对 */</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">struct</span> msghdr msg; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">struct</span> iovec iov[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>]; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">char</span> send_buf[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>] = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"it is a test"</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">struct</span> msghdr msgr; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">struct</span> iovec iovr[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>]; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">char</span> recv_buf[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>]; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* 创建套接字对 */</span> ret = socketpair(AF_LOCAL,SOCK_STREAM,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,sock); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span>(ret == -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>){ <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"socketpair err\n"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>; } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* sock[1]发送数据到本地主机 */</span> bzero(&msg, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">sizeof</span>(msg)); msg.msg_name = NULL; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* void*类型 NULL本地地址*/</span> msg.msg_namelen = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; iov[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>].iov_base = send_buf; iov[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>].iov_len = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">sizeof</span>(send_buf); msg.msg_iov = iov;<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//要发送或接受数据设为iov</span> msg.msg_iovlen = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>;<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//1个元素</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"开始发送数据:\n"</span>); <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"发送的数据为: %s\n"</span>, send_buf); ret = sendmsg(sock[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>], &msg, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> ); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span>(ret == -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> ){ <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"sendmsg err\n"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>; } <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"发送成功!\n"</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* 通过sock[0]接收发送过来的数据 */</span> bzero(&msg, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">sizeof</span>(msg)); msgr.msg_name = NULL; msgr.msg_namelen = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; iovr[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>].iov_base = &recv_buf; iovr[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>].iov_len = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">sizeof</span>(recv_buf); msgr.msg_iov = iovr; msgr.msg_iovlen = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>; ret = recvmsg(sock[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>], &msgr, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span>(ret == -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> ){ <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"recvmsg err\n"</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>; } <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"接收成功!\n"</span>); <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"收到数据为: %s\n"</span>, recv_buf); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* 关闭sockets */</span> close(sock[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>]); close(sock[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>]); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li></ul>
执行程序结果:
<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">yu<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@ubuntu</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:~/Linux/</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">217</span>/pro_pool/socketpair<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$ </span>gcc -o sendmsg sendmsg.c yu<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@ubuntu</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:~/Linux/</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">217</span>/pro_pool/socketpair<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$ </span>./sendmsg 开始发送数据: 发送的数据为<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span> it is a test 发送成功! 接收成功! 收到数据为<span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:</span> it is a test</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>
程序分析:由套接字sock[1]发数据到本地主机,由套接字sock[0]接收发送过来的数据。