待处理信号的处理方式

在unix的SIGINT信号由内核发送给用户进程，而此时正在执行有sigint触发的信号处理程序，那么此信号会被阻塞。

如果仅此而已，unix可以正确处理。但若此时又有一个sigint信号被投送到此用户进程，那么这个信号会被简单的丢弃，并不会排队。

 

在编写信号处理程序的时候通常容易忽略这点：

 

常见的错误是这样的：

void handler2(int sig) { pid_t pid; //while ((pid = waitpid(-1, NULL, 0)) > 0) //printf("Handler reaped child %d/n", (int)pid); if ((pid = waitpid(-1, NULL, 0)) < 0) printf("waitpid error/n"); printf("Handler reaped child %d/n", (int)pid); //if (errno != ECHILD) //unix_error("waitpid error"); Sleep(2);//信号处理程序的休眠，则主进程进入休眠 printf("........./n"); return; } int main() { int i, n; char buf[MAXBUF]; if (signal(SIGCHLD, handler2) == SIG_ERR) unix_error("signal error"); /* Parent creates children */ for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) { if (Fork() == 0) { printf("Hello from child %d/n", (int)getpid()); Sleep(1);//致使sigchild几乎在同一时刻发出,所以信号处理程序才要使用while(waitpid(-1,NULL,0)) exit(0); } } 

 

会输出如下结果：

 

wuyichao@wuyichao-desktop:~/workspace/u_n_p/signal$ ./wait

Hello from child 22896

Hello from child 22897

Hello from child 22898

Handler reaped child 22896

.........

Handler reaped child 22897

.........

^C  

wuyichao@wuyichao-desktop:~/workspace/u_n_p/signal$ ./wait

Hello from child 22902

Hello from child 22903

Hello from child 22904

Handler reaped child 22902

.........

 

 

@通常的处理的方法，如<深入理解计算机系统>中代码p514

 

void handler2(int sig) { pid_t pid; while ((pid = waitpid(-1, NULL, 0)) > 0) printf("Handler reaped child %d/n", (int)pid); if (errno != ECHILD) unix_error("waitpid error"); Sleep(2); return; } int main() { int i, n; char buf[MAXBUF]; if (signal(SIGCHLD, handler2) == SIG_ERR) unix_error("signal error"); /* Parent creates children */ for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) { if (Fork() == 0) { printf("Hello from child %d/n", (int)getpid()); Sleep(1); exit(0); } } /* Parent waits for terminal input and then processes it */ if ((n = read(STDIN_FILENO, buf, sizeof(buf))) < 0) unix_error("read error"); printf("Parent processing input/n"); while (1) ; exit(0); } 

 

输出结果：

 

wuyichao@wuyichao-desktop:~/workspace/u_n_p/signal$ ./wait Hello from child 23097 Hello from child 23098 Hello from child 23099 Handler reaped child 23097 Handler reaped child 23098 Handler reaped child 23099 ......... .........  

关键的地方：while ((pid = waitpid(-1, NULL, 0)) > 0)

    printf("Handler reaped child %d/n", (int)pid);

不让父进程几次进入信号处理程序。父进程就第一次进入信号程序，就陷在里面，直到while 结束

 

 

 

理解waitpid()；