几个基本的 Sql Plus 命令 和 例子

remark	告诉SQLPLUS接下来的文字是注释，不是命令
set haedsep	标题分隔符标识一个告诉SQLPLUS将一个标题分为两行或更多行的字符
ttitle	设置报表每一页的头标题
btitle	设置报表每一页的尾标题
column	给SQLPLUS各种关于列的标题、格式和处理的指令
break on	告诉SQLPLUS在报表的各部分间插入空格，或者将小计和总计断开
compute sum	令SQLPLUS计算小计
set linesize	为报表的行设置最大字符数
set pagesize	为页设置最大行数
set newpage	设置页与页之间的空行数
spool	将通常在屏幕上显示的报表移入一个文件，以便打印
/**/	在SQL项内标记一个注释的开头和结尾。类似于remark
--	在SQL项内标记联机注释所的开始。将该标记开始到本行末尾的一切内容都视为注释。类似于remark
set pause	使屏幕显示在页与页之间停顿
save	把正在建立的SQL查询保存到一个选中的文件中
host	向主操作系统发送命令
start或@	告诉SQLPLUS执行已经存储到文件中的指令
edit	使你迅速离开SQLPLUS并进入所选择的编辑器
define_editor	告诉SQLPLUS你所选择的编辑器的名字
exit或quit	终止SQLPLUS

一个简单的报表例子：

activity.lst

SQL>
SQL> select Name, Title, CheckoutDate, ReturnedDate,
2           ReturnedDate-CheckoutDate as DaysOut /*Count Days*/
3      from BOOKSHELF_CHECKOUT
4     order by Name,CheckoutDate;
Mon Aug 28                                                                                 page 1
                            Checkout Log for 1/1/02-3/31/02

                                                                          Days
NAME                 TITLE                CHECKOUTDATE    RETURNEDDATE    Out
-------------------- -------------------- --------------- --------------- -------
DORAH TALBOT         EITHER/OR            02-JAN-02       10-JAN-02          8.00
                     POLAR EXPRESS        01-FEB-02       15-FEB-02         14.00
                     GOOD DOG, CARL       01-FEB-02       15-FEB-02         14.00
                     MY LEDGER            15-FEB-02       03-MAR-02         16.00
********************                                                      -------
avg                                                                         13.00

EMILY TALBOT         ANNE OF GREEN GABLES 02-JAN-02       20-JAN-02         18.00
                     MIDNIGHT MAGIC       20-JAN-02       03-FEB-02         14.00
                     HARRY POTTER AND     03-FEB-02       14-FEB-02         11.00
                     THE GOBLET OF FIRE

********************                                                      -------
avg                                                                         14.33

FRED FULLER          JOHN ADAMS           01-FEB-02       01-MAR-02         28.00
                     TRUMAN               01-MAR-02       20-MAR-02         19.00
********************                                                      -------
avg                                                                         23.50

GERHARDT KENTGEN     WONDERFUL LIFE       02-JAN-02       02-FEB-02         31.00
                     MIDNIGHT MAGIC       05-FEB-02       10-FEB-02          5.00
                     THE MISMEASURE OF    13-FEB-02       05-MAR-02         20.00
                     MAN

********************                                                      -------
avg                                                                         18.67

JED HOPKINS          INNUMERACY           01-JAN-02       22-JAN-02         21.00
                     TO KILL A            15-FEB-02       01-MAR-02         14.00
                     MOCKINGBIRD

********************                                                      -------
avg                                                                         17.50

PAT LAVAY            THE SHIPPING NEWS    02-JAN-02        12-JAN-02        10.00
                     THE MISMEASURE OF    12-JAN-02        12-FEB-02        31.00
                     MAN

********************                                                      -------
avg                                                                         20.50

ROLAND BRANDT        THE SHIPPING NEWS    12-JAN-02        12-MAR-02        59.00
                     THE DISCOVERERS      12-JAN-02        01-MAR-02        48.00
                     WEST WITH THE NIGHT  12-JAN-02        01-MAR-02        48.00
********************                                                      -------
avg                                                                         51.67

                                                                          -------
avg                                                                         22.58



                                    from the Bookshelf
SQL>
 

start activity.sql

rem Bookshelf activity report

set  headsep !

ttitle  ' Checkout Log for 1/1/02-3/31/02 '
btitle  ' from the Bookshelf '

column  Name format a20
column  Title format a20 word_wrapped
column  DaysOut format  999.99
column  DaysOut heading  ' Days!Out '

break   on  Name skip  1   on  report
compute   avg   of  DaysOut  on  Name
compute   avg   of  DaysOut  on  report

set  linesize  100
set  pagesize  60
set  newpage  0
set  feedback  off

spool activity.lst

select  Name, Title, CheckoutDate, ReturnedDate,
       ReturnedDate - CheckoutDate  as  DaysOut  /**/ /*Count Days*/
   from  BOOKSHELF_CHECKOUT
  order   by  Name,CheckoutDate;

spool  off