Android 绘制UI通常有两种方式：
1. 把图形绘制到布局中的View对象中，图形绘制由系统绘制View层次数来来处理。
2. 把图形直接绘制到画布上（Canvas对象），这种方法可以通过独立的线程来管理surfaceView对象，并由独立线程来管理绘制过程。在Androd surfaceView 分析及C/C++通过surface 绘制UI就使用该方法来绘制图形的一种实例。
如果图形绘制到布局中的View，将有Android系统来管理View的绘制。本文将介绍Android 系统如何为一个应用（activity）创建View，后面还将介绍Android系统如何刷新View。整个流程大体如下图所示。
图1：Activity 窗口View的创建过程。
上图1-6步骤是创建DecorView，DecorView类继承了View类，是作为容器（ViewGroup）来使用的。DecorView与ViewRoot一样是Android窗口系统中的重要组成部分，ViewRoot在ActivityThread的handleResumeActivity里创建。下面就从handleResumeActivity开始分析View的创建过程。
public final class ActivityThread {
......
final void handleResumeActivity(IBinder token, boolean clearHide, boolean isForward) {
......
ActivityClientRecord r = performResumeActivity(token, clearHide);
if (r != null) {
final Activity a = r.activity;
......
// If the window hasn't yet been added to the window manager,
// and this guy didn't finish itself or start another activity,
// then go ahead and add the window.
boolean willBeVisible = !a.mStartedActivity;
if (!willBeVisible) {
try {
willBeVisible = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().willActivityBeVisible(
a.getActivityToken());
} catch (RemoteException e) {
}
}
if (r.window == null && !a.mFinished && willBeVisible) {
r.window = r.activity.getWindow();
View decor = r.window.getDecorView();
decor.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
ViewManager wm = a.getWindowManager();
WindowManager.LayoutParams l = r.window.getAttributes();
a.mDecor = decor;
l.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_BASE_APPLICATION;
......
if (a.mVisibleFromClient) {
a.mWindowAdded = true;
wm.addView(decor, l); <span class="comment">//这个很关键。</span>
}
}
......
}
......
}
......
} public class PhoneWindow extends Window implements MenuBuilder.Callback {
......
// This is the view in which the window contents are placed. It is either
// mDecor itself, or a child of mDecor where the contents go.
private ViewGroup mContentParent;
......
@Override
public void setContentView(int layoutResID) {
if (mContentParent == null) {
installDecor(); // 创建decorView
} else {
mContentParent.removeAllViews();
}
}
......
} private void installDecor() {
if (mDecor == null) {
mDecor = generateDecor(); //生产DecorView
......
}
... ...
}
private void addView(View view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params, boolean nest)
{
......
final WindowManager.LayoutParams wparams
= (WindowManager.LayoutParams)params;
ViewRoot root;
View panelParentView = null;
synchronized (this) {
... ...
root = new ViewRoot(view.getContext()); //ViewRoot 创建
root.mAddNesting = 1;
view.setLayoutParams(wparams);
if (mViews == null) {
index = 1;
mViews = new View[1];
mRoots = new ViewRoot[1];
mParams = new WindowManager.LayoutParams[1];
} else {
index = mViews.length + 1;
Object[] old = mViews;
mViews = new View[index];
System.arraycopy(old, 0, mViews, 0, index-1);
old = mRoots;
mRoots = new ViewRoot[index];
System.arraycopy(old, 0, mRoots, 0, index-1);
old = mParams;
mParams = new WindowManager.LayoutParams[index];
System.arraycopy(old, 0, mParams, 0, index-1);
}
... ...
}
// do this last because it fires off messages to start doing things
root.setView(view, wparams, panelParentView);
} public final class ViewRootImpl extends Handler implements ViewParent,
View.AttachInfo.Callbacks, HardwareRenderer.HardwareDrawCallbacks {
private final Surface mSurface = new Surface();
... ...
public ViewRootImpl(Context context) {
super();
... ...
// Initialize the statics when this class is first instantiated. This is
// done here instead of in the static block because Zygote does not
// allow the spawning of threads.
getWindowSession(context.getMainLooper());
......
}
public void setView(View view, WindowManager.LayoutParams attrs,
View panelParentView) {
synchronized (this) {
if (mView == null) {
mView = view;
mWindowAttributes.copyFrom(attrs);
......
mAttachInfo.mRootView = view;
.......
if (panelParentView != null) {
mAttachInfo.mPanelParentWindowToken
= panelParentView.getApplicationWindowToken();
}
mAdded = true;
......
requestLayout(); // 做UI布局
......
try {
res = sWindowSession.add(mWindow, mWindowAttributes,
getHostVisibility(), mAttachInfo.mContentInsets,
mInputChannel);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
mAdded = false;
mView = null;
......
throw new RuntimeException("Adding window failed", e);
} finally {
if (restore) {
attrs.restore();
}
}
......
}
......
}
view.assignParent(this); //设置DecorView的父是ViewRoot
}
......
}1. 调用ViewRoot类的另外一个成员函数requestLayout来请求对应用程序窗口视图的UI作第一次布局。
2. 调用ViewRoot类的静态成员变量sWindowSession所描述的一个类型为Session的Binder代理对象的成员函数add来请求WindowManagerService增加一个WindowState对象，以便可以用来描述当前正在处理的一个ViewRoot所关联的一个应用程序窗口。
requestLayout就是向Handler中发送消息，在Handler的处理消息函数中最终会调用performTraversals。performTraversals很负责，经过我仔细挑选，目标锁定为下面几个函数。当然，后面我们还会回到performTraversals，不过我们现在更感兴趣的是Surface是如何创建的
private void performTraversals() {
final View host = mView;
... ...
try {
... ...
relayoutResult = relayoutWindow(params, viewVisibility, insetsPending);
}
... ...
}private int relayoutWindow(WindowManager.LayoutParams params, int viewVisibility,
boolean insetsPending) throws RemoteException {
... ...
if (params != null && mOrigWindowType != params.type) {
// For compatibility with old apps, don't crash here.
if (mTargetSdkVersion < android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Window type can not be changed after "
+ "the window is added; ignoring change of " + mView);
params.type = mOrigWindowType;
}
}
int relayoutResult = sWindowSession.relayout(
mWindow, mSeq, params,
(int) (mView.getMeasuredWidth() * appScale + 0.5f),
(int) (mView.getMeasuredHeight() * appScale + 0.5f),
viewVisibility, insetsPending ? WindowManagerImpl.RELAYOUT_INSETS_PENDING : 0,
mWinFrame, mPendingContentInsets, mPendingVisibleInsets,
mPendingConfiguration, mSurface);
//Log.d(TAG, "<<<<<< BACK FROM relayout");
......
return relayoutResult;
}public int relayoutWindow(Session session, IWindow client, int seq,
WindowManager.LayoutParams attrs, int requestedWidth,
int requestedHeight, int viewVisibility, int flags,
Rect outFrame, Rect outContentInsets, Rect outVisibleInsets,
Configuration outConfig, Surface outSurface) {
......
try {
if (win.mSurface == null) {
surfaceChanged = true;
}
Surface surface = win.createSurfaceLocked(); //创建Surface 并拷贝到ViewRoot的surface中
if (surface != null) {
outSurface.copyFrom(surface);
win.mReportDestroySurface = false;
win.mSurfacePendingDestroy = false;
if (SHOW_TRANSACTIONS) Slog.i(TAG,
" OUT SURFACE " + outSurface + ": copied");
} else {
// For some reason there isn't a surface. Clear the
// caller's object so they see the same state.
outSurface.release();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
......
}
......
}
}
2166
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
