使用map实现单词转换的程序

使用map实现单词转换的程序

从map中查找单词时必须使用find函数，不能使用下表，因为在map中使用下标访问不存在的元素将导致在map容器中添加一个新的元素，新元素的key即要查找的内容。

/***************************************************************************** * Open file *****************************************************************************/ ifstream& open_file(ifstream &in, const string &file) { in.close(); // close in case it was already open in.clear(); // clear any existing errors // if the open fails, the stream will be in an invalid state in.open(file.c_str()); // open the file we were given return in; // condition state is good if open succeeded } /***************************************************************************** * Word Transform *****************************************************************************/ void WordTransform(const string rule, const string infile) { if (rule.empty() || infile.empty()) { return; } map<string ,string> trans_map; string key, value; // Open transformation file and check that open succeeded ifstream map_file; if (!open_file(map_file, rule)) { throw runtime_error("No transformation file."); } // Read the transformation map and build the map while (map_file >> key >> value) { trans_map.insert(make_pair(key, value)); } // Open the input file and check that the open succeeded ifstream input; if (!open_file(input, infile)) { throw runtime_error("No input file."); } string line; // Hold each line from the input // Read the text to transform it a line at a time while (getline(input, line)) { istringstream stream(line); // Read the line a word at a time string word; bool bFirstWordFlg = true; // Controls whether a space is printed while (stream >> word) { // ok: the actual mapwork, this part is the heart of the program map<string, string>::const_iterator map_it = trans_map.find(word); // If this word is in the transformation map if (map_it != trans_map.end()) { // Replace it by the transformaion value in the map word = map_it->second; } if (bFirstWordFlg) { bFirstWordFlg = false; } else { cout << " "; // Print space between words } cout << word; } cout << endl; // Done with this line of input } }