JAVA实现json和对象间的相互转换

一、新建一个项目，导入这两个jar包，下载见附件： 
jackson-core-asl-1.9.12.jar 
jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.12.jar 

二、新建一个工具类 

JsonMapper.java 
Java代码  
package com.ebiz.logic.service.impl;  
  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;  
import java.util.List;  
  
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;  
import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonNode;  
import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonProcessingException;  
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.DeserializationConfig;  
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;  
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.SerializationConfig;  
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.annotate.JsonSerialize.Inclusion;  
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.util.JSONPObject;  
import org.codehaus.jackson.type.JavaType;  
import org.slf4j.Logger;  
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;  
  
import com.ebiz.framework.util.date.DateUtil;  
  
/** 
* 简单封装Jackson，实现JSON String<->Java Object的Mapper. 
*  
* 封装不同的输出风格, 使用不同的builder函数创建实例. 
*  
*/  
public class JsonMapper {  
  
    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JsonMapper.class);  
  
    private ObjectMapper mapper;  
  
    public JsonMapper(Inclusion inclusion) {  
        mapper = new ObjectMapper();  
        //设置输出时包含属性的风格  
        mapper.setSerializationInclusion(inclusion);  
        //设置输入时忽略在JSON字符串中存在但Java对象实际没有的属性  
        mapper.configure(DeserializationConfig.Feature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);  
        //禁止使用int代表Enum的order()來反序列化Enum,非常危險  
        mapper.configure(DeserializationConfig.Feature.FAIL_ON_NUMBERS_FOR_ENUMS, true);  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 创建输出全部属性到Json字符串的Mapper. 
     */  
    public static JsonMapper buildNormalMapper() {  
        return new JsonMapper(Inclusion.ALWAYS);  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 创建只输出非空属性到Json字符串的Mapper. 
     */  
    public static JsonMapper buildNonNullMapper() {  
        return new JsonMapper(Inclusion.NON_NULL);  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 创建只输出初始值被改变的属性到Json字符串的Mapper. 
     */  
    public static JsonMapper buildNonDefaultMapper() {  
        return new JsonMapper(Inclusion.NON_DEFAULT);  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 创建只输出非Null且非Empty(如List.isEmpty)的属性到Json字符串的Mapper. 
     */  
    public static JsonMapper buildNonEmptyMapper() {  
        return new JsonMapper(Inclusion.NON_EMPTY);  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 如果对象为Null, 返回"null". 
     * 如果集合为空集合, 返回"[]". 
     */  
    public String toJson(Object object) {  
  
        try {  
            return mapper.writeValueAsString(object);  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            throw NestedException.wrap(e);  
        }  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 如果JSON字符串为Null或"null"字符串, 返回Null. 
     * 如果JSON字符串为"[]", 返回空集合. 
     *  
     * 如需读取集合如List/Map, 且不是List<String>这种简单类型时,先使用函數constructParametricType构造类型.
     * @see #constructParametricType(Class, Class...) 
     */  
    public <T> T fromJson(String jsonString, Class<T> clazz) {  
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(jsonString)) {  
            return null;  
        }  
  
        try {  
            return mapper.readValue(jsonString, clazz);  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            throw NestedException.wrap(e);  
        }  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 如果JSON字符串为Null或"null"字符串, 返回Null. 
     * 如果JSON字符串为"[]", 返回空集合. 
     *  
     * 如需读取集合如List/Map, 且不是List<String>这种简单类型时,先使用函數constructParametricType构造类型.
     * @see #constructParametricType(Class, Class...) 
     */  
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")  
    public <T> T fromJson(String jsonString, JavaType javaType) {  
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(jsonString)) {  
            return null;  
        }  
  
        try {  
            return (T) mapper.readValue(jsonString, javaType);  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            throw NestedException.wrap(e);  
        }  
    }  
      
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")  
    public <T> T fromJson(String jsonString, Class<?> parametrized, Class<?>... parameterClasses) {  
        return (T) this.fromJson(jsonString, constructParametricType(parametrized, parameterClasses));  
    }  
      
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")  
    public <T> List<T> fromJsonToList(String jsonString, Class<T> classMeta){  
        return (List<T>) this.fromJson(jsonString,constructParametricType(List.class, classMeta));  
    }  
      
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")  
    public <T> T fromJson(JsonNode node, Class<?> parametrized, Class<?>... parameterClasses) {  
        JavaType javaType = constructParametricType(parametrized, parameterClasses);  
        try {  
            return (T) mapper.readValue(node, javaType);  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            throw NestedException.wrap(e);  
        }  
    }  
      
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")  
    public <T> T pathAtRoot(String json, String path, Class<?> parametrized, Class<?>... parameterClasses){  
        JsonNode rootNode = parseNode(json);  
        JsonNode node = rootNode.path(path);  
        return (T) fromJson(node, parametrized, parameterClasses);  
    }  
      
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")  
    public <T> T pathAtRoot(String json, String path, Class<T> clazz){  
        JsonNode rootNode = parseNode(json);  
        JsonNode node = rootNode.path(path);  
        return (T) fromJson(node, clazz);  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 構造泛型的Type如List<MyBean>, 则调用constructParametricType(ArrayList.class,MyBean.class) 
     *             Map<String,MyBean>则调用(HashMap.class,String.class, MyBean.class) 
     */  
    public JavaType constructParametricType(Class<?> parametrized, Class<?>... parameterClasses) {  
        return mapper.getTypeFactory().constructParametricType(parametrized, parameterClasses);  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 當JSON裡只含有Bean的部分屬性時，更新一個已存在Bean，只覆蓋該部分的屬性. 
     */  
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")  
    public <T> T update(T object, String jsonString) {  
        try {  
            return (T) mapper.readerForUpdating(object).readValue(jsonString);  
        } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {  
            logger.warn("update json string:" + jsonString + " to object:" + object + " error.", e);  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            logger.warn("update json string:" + jsonString + " to object:" + object + " error.", e);  
        }  
        return null;  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 輸出JSONP格式數據. 
     */  
    public String toJsonP(String functionName, Object object) {  
        return toJson(new JSONPObject(functionName, object));  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 設定是否使用Enum的toString函數來讀寫Enum, 
     * 為False時時使用Enum的name()函數來讀寫Enum, 默認為False. 
     * 注意本函數一定要在Mapper創建後, 所有的讀寫動作之前調用. 
     */  
    public void setEnumUseToString(boolean value) {  
        mapper.configure(SerializationConfig.Feature.WRITE_ENUMS_USING_TO_STRING, value);  
        mapper.configure(DeserializationConfig.Feature.READ_ENUMS_USING_TO_STRING, value);  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 取出Mapper做进一步的设置或使用其他序列化API. 
     */  
    public ObjectMapper getMapper() {  
        return mapper;  
    }  
      
    public JsonNode parseNode(String json){  
        try {  
            return mapper.readValue(json, JsonNode.class);  
        } catch (IOException e) {  
            throw NestedException.wrap(e);  
        }  
    }  
      
    /** 
     * 输出全部属性 
     * @param object 
     * @return 
     */  
    public static String toNormalJson(Object object){  
        return new JsonMapper(Inclusion.ALWAYS).toJson(object);  
    }  
      
    /** 
     * 输出非空属性 
     * @param object 
     * @return 
     */  
    public static String toNonNullJson(Object object){  
        return new JsonMapper(Inclusion.NON_NULL).toJson(object);  
    }  
      
    /** 
     * 输出初始值被改变部分的属性 
     * @param object 
     * @return 
     */  
    public static String toNonDefaultJson(Object object){  
        return new JsonMapper(Inclusion.NON_DEFAULT).toJson(object);  
    }  
      
    /** 
     * 输出非Null且非Empty(如List.isEmpty)的属性 
     * @param object 
     * @return 
     */  
    public static String toNonEmptyJson(Object object){  
        return new JsonMapper(Inclusion.NON_EMPTY).toJson(object);  
    }  
      
    public void setDateFormat(String dateFormat){  
        mapper.setDateFormat(new SimpleDateFormat(dateFormat));  
    }  
      
    public static String toLogJson(Object object){  
        JsonMapper jsonMapper = new JsonMapper(Inclusion.NON_EMPTY);  
        jsonMapper.setDateFormat(DateUtil.yyyy_MM_dd_HH_mm_ss);  
        return jsonMapper.toJson(object);  
    }  
  
}  
三、再提供一个异常类 

NestedException.java 
Java代码  
package com.ebiz.logic.service.impl;  
  
public class NestedException extends RuntimeException {  
  
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 5893258079497055346L;  
      
    private Throwable throwable;  
  
    private NestedException(Throwable t) {  
        this.throwable = t;  
    }  
  
    /** Wraps another exeception in a RuntimeException. */  
    public static RuntimeException wrap(Throwable t) {  
        if (t instanceof RuntimeException)  
            return (RuntimeException) t;  
        return new NestedException(t);  
    }  
  
    public Throwable getCause() {  
        return this.throwable;  
    }  
  
    public void printStackTrace() {  
        this.throwable.printStackTrace();  
    }  
  
}  
新建两个实体 

Student.java 
Java代码  
package com.ebiz.uniservice.fightdata.test;  
  
import java.util.List;  
  
public class Student {  
  
    private String name;  
    private int age;  
    private List<Teacher> teachers;  
  
    public void setName(String name) {  
        this.name = name;  
    }  
  
    public String getName() {  
        return name;  
    }  
  
    public void setAge(int age) {  
        this.age = age;  
    }  
  
    public int getAge() {  
        return age;  
    }  
  
    public void setTeachers(List<Teacher> teachers) {  
        this.teachers = teachers;  
    }  
  
    public List<Teacher> getTeachers() {  
        return teachers;  
    }  
  
}  

Teacher.java 
Java代码  
package com.ebiz.uniservice.fightdata.test;  
  
public class Teacher {  
  
    private String name;  
    private int age;  
  
    public Teacher() {  
          
    }  
      
    public Teacher(String name, int age) {  
        super();  
        this.name = name;  
        this.age = age;  
    }  
  
    public void setName(String name) {  
        this.name = name;  
    }  
  
    public String getName() {  
        return name;  
    }  
  
    public void setAge(int age) {  
        this.age = age;  
    }  
  
    public int getAge() {  
        return age;  
    }  
}  

好了，来测试一把 

JsonTest.java 
Java代码  
package com.ebiz.uniservice.fightdata.test;  
  
import java.util.ArrayList;  
  
import com.ebiz.logic.service.impl.JsonMapper;  
  
/** 
*  
* @author jsqiu 
* 
*/  
public class JsonTest {  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        Student student = getStudents();  
        Long beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();  
        //bean2json  
        String json = JsonMapper.toLogJson(student);  
        System.out.println("对象转换为json：" + json);  
        System.out.println("转换用时：" + (System.currentTimeMillis()-beginTime) + "ms");  
        //json2bean，需要注意：Student类和Teacher类必须有一个空的构造方法  
        beginTime = System.currentTimeMillis();  
        //JsonMapper提供了很多创建Mapper的方法，不是非要用buildNonDefaultMapper，你可以对比几种方法的转换时间，挑个最快的  
        Student student2 = JsonMapper.buildNonDefaultMapper().fromJson(json, Student.class);  
        System.out.println("json转换成对象：" + student2);  
        System.out.println("转换用时：" + (System.currentTimeMillis()-beginTime) + "ms");  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * 初始化一个student 
     * @return 
     */  
    private static Student getStudents() {  
        Teacher t1 = new Teacher("teacher1",35);  
        Teacher t2 = new Teacher("teacher1",25);  
        Teacher t3 = new Teacher("teacher1",30);  
        ArrayList<Teacher> teachers = new ArrayList<Teacher>();  
        teachers.add(t1);  
        teachers.add(t2);  
        teachers.add(t3);  
        Student s = new Student();  
        s.setAge(20);  
        s.setName("student1");  
        s.setTeachers(teachers);  
        return s;  
    }  
}  
输出如下： 
对象转换为json：{"name":"student1","age":20,"teachers":[{"name":"teacher1","age":35},{"name":"teacher1","age":25},{"name":"teacher1","age":30}]} 
转换用时：224ms 
json转换成对象：com.ebiz.uniservice.fightdata.test.Student@55e55f 
转换用时：25ms