在开始项目之前我们需要一个很好的项目管理工具------Maven
因此先让我们来学习一下Maven
一.创建项目
1.Eclipse中用Maven创建项目
2.继续Next
3.选maven-archetype-webapp后,next
4.填写相应的信息,Packaged是默认创建一个包,不写也可以
5.创建好项目后,目录如下:
至此,项目已经创建完毕,下边可是配置。
二.项目配置
1.添加Source Folder
Maven规定,必须创建以下几个Source Folder
src/main/resources
src/main/Java
src/test/resources
src/test/java
添加以上的Source Folder
创建好后的目录如下:
2.配置Build Path
3.设定4个文件夹的输出Output folder,双击修改
分别修改输出路径为
src/main/resources 对应 target/classes
src/main/java 对应 target/classes
src/test/resources 对应 target/test-classes
src/test/java 对应 target/test-classes
4.修改后如下图
5.设定Libraries
6.配置完Build Path后目录如下:
7.将项目转换成Dynamic Web Project
在项目上右键Properties
在左侧选择 Project Facets,单击右侧的 ”Convert faceted from “
8.修改Java为你当前项目的JDK,并添加Dynamic Web Module ,最后单击”Further Configuration available“ 链接:
9.修改Content directory 为 src/main/webapp ,单击OK:
10.设置完Content directory,ok后再次点击前一界面ok,完成转换成Dynamic Web Project项目
11.设置部署程序集(Web Deployment Assembly)
在项目上右键单击,选择Properties,在左侧选择Deployment Assembly
12.设置部署时的文件发布路径
1,我们删除test的两项,因为test是测试使用,并不需要部署。
2,设置将Maven的jar包发布到lib下。
Add -> Java Build Path Entries -> Maven Dependencies -> Finish
设置完成后如图
ok后,web项目就创建完毕了,目录机构如图
运行后访问工程成功!
下一章将测试一个servlet
三、应用servlet
1.首先修改pom.xml文件,添加servlet依赖
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.lei.demo</groupId> <artifactId>maven-web-demo</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>maven-web-demo Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <!-- JUnit配置 --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- 添加Servlet --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>maven-web-demo</finalName> </build> </project>
修改完保存后,项目会从Maven仓库中自动添加servlet-api-2.5.jar包的引用,如果仓库中没有,会自动下载。
引用后见图。
2.新建一个Servlet
在src/main/java下创建一个Servlet,ServletDemo
package com.sulei.demo; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; /** * Servlet implementation class ServletDemo */ public class ServletDemo extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; public ServletDemo() { super(); } protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doPost(request, response); } protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8"); String action = request.getParameter("action"); if("login_input".equals(action)) { request.getRequestDispatcher("login.jsp").forward(request , response); } else if("login".equals(action)) { String name = request.getParameter("name"); String password = request.getParameter("password"); System.out.println("name->" + name + ",password->" + password); } } }
3.修改Web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:javaee="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <javaee:display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</javaee:display-name> <servlet> <javaee:description></javaee:description> <javaee:display-name>ServletDemo</javaee:display-name> <servlet-name>ServletDemo</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.sulei.demo.ServletDemo</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>ServletDemo</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/demo</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
4.创建index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <p>用Maven创建web项目,测试Servlet</p> <a href="demo?action=login_input">登录(demo?action=login_input)</a> </body> </html>
5.创建login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <form action="demo?action=login" method="post"> Name:<input type="text" name="name" /> Password:<input type="password" name="password" /> <input type="submit" value="登录" /> </form> </body> </html>
OK,可以测试一下
原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/anhuidelinger/article/details/46494375
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