Hasen的linux设备驱动开发学习之旅--使用文件私有数据的字符设备驱动

/**
 * Author:hasen
 * 参考 ：《linux设备驱动开发详解》
 * 简介：android小菜鸟的linux
 * 	         设备驱动开发学习之旅
 * 主题：使用文件私有数据的字符设备驱动
 * Date:2014-10-31 
 */

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/error.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/system.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>

#define GLOBALMEM_SIZE 0x1000 /*全局变量大小：4KB*/
#define MEM_CLEAR 0x1 /*清零全局内存*/
#define GLOBALMEM_MAJOR 250 /*预设的globalmem的主设备号*/

static int globalmem_major =GLOBALMEM_MAJOR ;
/*globalmem设备结构体*/
struct globalmem_dev {
	struct cdev cdev ; /*cdev结构体*/
	unsigned char mem[GLOBALMEM_SIZE] ; /*全局内存*/
} ;

struct globalmem_dev *globalmem_devp ;/*设备结构体实例*/

/*globalmem设备文件打开函数*/
int globalmem_open(struct inode *inode ,struct file *filp)
{
	/*将设备结构体指针赋值给文件私有数据指针*/
	filp->private_data = globalmem_devp ;
	return 0 ;
}

/*globalmem驱动设备文件释放函数*/
int globalmem_release(struct inode *inode,struct file *filp)
{
	return 0 ;
}

/*globalmem设备驱动模块加载函数*/
int globalmem_init(void)
{
	int result ;
	dev_t devno = MKDEV(globalmem_major ,0) ;
	
	/*申请字符设备驱动区域*/
	if(globalmem_major)
		result = register_chrdev_region(devno,1,"globalmem") ;
	else{
		/*动态获得主设备号*/
		result = alloc_chrdev_region(&devno,0,1,"globalmem") ;
		globalmem_major = MAJOR(devno) ;
	}
	if(result < 0)
		return result ;
	/*动态申请设备结构体的内存*/
	globalmem_devp = kmalloc(sizeof(struct globalmem_dev),GFP_KERNEL) ;
	if(!globalmem_devp){ /*申请失败*/
		result = -ENOMEM ;
		goto fail_malloc ;
	}
	
	memset(globalmem_devp,0,sizeof(struct globalmem_dev)) ;
	
	globalmem_setup_cdev(&globalmem_devp,0) ;
	return 0 ;
fail_malloc :
	unregister_chrdev_region(devno,1) ;
	return result ;
}

/*globalmem设备驱动模块卸载函数*/
void globalmem_exit(void)
{
	cdev_del(&globalmem_devp->cdev) ;/*删除cdev结构*/
	kfree(globalmem_devp) ;
	unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(globalmem_major,0),1) ;/*注销设备区域*/
}

/*初始化并添加cdev结构体*/
static void globalmem_setup_cdev(struct globalmem_dev *dev, int index)
{
	int err , devno = MKDEV(globalmem_major ,index) ;
	cdev_init(&dev->cdev,&globalmem_fops) ;
	dev->cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE ;
	err = cdev_add(&dev->cdev,devno,1) ;
	if(err)
		printk(KERN_NOTICE "Error %d adding globalmem %d\n",err,index) ;
}

/*globalmem设备驱动文件操作结构体*/
const struct file_operations globalmem_fops = {
	.owner = THIS_MODULE ,
	.llseek = globalmem_llseek ,
	.read = globalmem_read ,
	.write = globalmem_write ,
	.ioctl = globalmem_ioctl ,
	.open = globalmem_open ,
	.release = globalmem_release ,
} ;

/*globalmem设备驱动读函数*/
static ssize_t globalmem_read(struct file *filp,char __user *buf,size_t count,loff_t *ppos )
{
	unsigned long p = *ppos ;
	int ret = 0 ;
	struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data ;/*获取设备结构体指针*/
	
	/*分析和获取有效的读长度*/
	if(p >= GLOBALMEM_SIZE)/*要读的偏移位置越界*/
		return 0 ;
	if(count > GLOBALMEM_SIZE - p)/*要读的字节数太大*/
		count = GLOBALMEM_SIZE -P ;
	
	/*内核空间 -> 用户空间*/
	if(copy_to_user(buf,(void *)(dev->mem + p),count))
		ret = -EFAULT ;
	else{
		*ppos += count ;
		ret = count ;
		printk(KERN_INFO "read %d bytes from %d\n",count,p) ;	
	}
}

/*globalmem设备驱动写函数*/
static ssize_t globalmem_write(struct file *filp,const char __user buf,size_t count,loff_t *ppos)
{
	unsigned long p = *ppos ; 
	int ret = 0 ;
	struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data ;/*获取设备结构体指针*/
	
	/*分析和获取有效的写长度*/
	if(p >= GLOBALMEM_SIZE) /*要写的偏移位置越界*/
		return 0 ;
	if(count > GLOBALMEM_SIZE - p ) /*要写的字节数太大*/
		count = GLOBALMEM_SIZE - p ;
	
	/*用户空间 -> 内核空间*/
	if(copy_from_user(dev->mem+p, buf,count))
		ret = -EFAULT ;
	else{
		*ppos += count ;
		ret = count ;
		printk(KERN_INFO "write %d bytes from %d\n",count,p) ;
	}
	return ret ;
}

/*globalmem设备驱动seek()函数*/
static loff_t globalmem_llseek(struct file *filp,loff_t offset,int orig)
{
	loff_t ret ;
	switch(orig){
	case 0: /*从文件开头开始偏移*/
		if(offset <0){
			ret = -EINVAL ;
			break ;
		}
		if((unsigned int)offset >GLOBALMEM_SIZE){
			ret = -EINVAL ;
			break ;
		}
		flip->f_pos += offset ;
		ret = flip->f_pos ;
		break ;
	case 1: /*从文件当前位置开始偏移*/
		if((flip->f_pos + offset) > GLOBALMEM_SIZE ){
			ret = -EINVAL ;
			break ;
		}
		if((flip->f_pos + offset < 0)){
			ret = -EINVAL ;
			break ;
		}
		flip->f_pos += offset ;
		ret = flip->f_pos ;
		break ;
	default:
		return -EINVAL ;
	}
	return ret ;
}

/*globalmem设备驱动的ioctl()函数*/
static int globalmem_ioctl(struct inode *inode,struct file *filp,unsigned int cmd,unsigned long arg)
{
	struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data ;/*获取设备结构体指针*/
	switch(cmd){
	case CMD_CLEAR :
		/*清除全局变量*/
		memset(dev->mem,0,GLOBALMEM_SIZE) ;
		printk(KERN_INFO "globalmem is set to zero\n") ;
		break ;
	default:
		return -EINVAL ;/*其他不支持的命令*/
	}
	return 0 ;
}

MODULE_AUTHOR("Hasen<hasen.dc@gmail.com>") ;
MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL") ;

module_param(globalmem_major,int,S_IRUGO) ;

module_init(globalmem_init) ;
module_exit(globalmem_exit) ;