Java NIO框架--Netty4的简单示例

摘要: Java NIO框架--Netty4的简单示例

简介

         相比Netty3, Netty4有很多显著的变化：

        NioEventLoopGroup 是一个处理I/O操作的多线程事件环。即为Netty4里的线程池，在3.x里，一个Channel是由ChannelFactory创建的，同时新创建的Channel会自动注册到一个隐藏的I/O线程。 4.0使用新的名为EventLoopGroup的接口来替换ChannelFactory，它由一个或多个EventLoop来构成。一个新的 Channel不会自动注册到EventLoopGroup，但用户可以显式调用EventLoopGroup.register（）来注册。在Server端的Bootstrap参数中，有两个EventLoopGroup，第一个通常称为'boss'，用于接收发来的连接请求。第二个称为'worker',，用于处理boss接受并且注册给worker的连接中的信息。

        ChannelInitializer是一个特殊的handler，用于方便的配置用户自定义的handler实现，如代码中所示。在channelRegistered的生命周期中会触发用户复写的initChannel(C ch)方法，并且在调用后会讲自身从channelPipeline中移除。

代码示例

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ClassResolvers;
import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ObjectDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ObjectEncoder;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;

/**
 * DateTime: 2015年1月5日 上午9:56:10
 *
 */
public class HelloWorldServer {
    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8007"));

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Configure SSL.
        final SslContext sslCtx;
        if (SSL) {
            SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();
            sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());
        } else {
            sslCtx = null;
        }

        // Configure the server.
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
            b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
             .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
             .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 100)
             .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
             .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                 @Override
                 public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                     ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
                     if (sslCtx != null) {
                         p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));
                     }
                     p.addLast(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO));
                     p.addLast(
                         new ObjectEncoder(),
                         new ObjectDecoder(ClassResolvers.cacheDisabled(null)),
                         new HelloWorldServerHandler());
                 }
             });

            // Start the server.
            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(PORT).sync();

            // Wait until the server socket is closed.
            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            // Shut down all event loops to terminate all threads.
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

class HelloWorldServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
        ctx.write("server write msg:"+msg);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
        ctx.flush();
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
        // Close the connection when an exception is raised.
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }
}

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ClassResolvers;
import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ObjectDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ObjectEncoder;
import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;
import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.InsecureTrustManagerFactory;


/**
 * DateTime: 2015年1月5日 上午9:56:22
 *
 */
public class HelloWorldClient {
    static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;
    static final String HOST = System.getProperty("host", "127.0.0.1");
    static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8007"));


    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Configure SSL.git
        final SslContext sslCtx;
        if (SSL) {
            sslCtx = SslContext.newClientContext(InsecureTrustManagerFactory.INSTANCE);
        }
        else {
            sslCtx = null;
        }

        // Configure the client.
        EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
            b.group(group).channel(NioSocketChannel.class).option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true)
                .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                    @Override
                    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                        ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
                        if (sslCtx != null) {
                            p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc(), HOST, PORT));
                        }
                        p.addLast(new ObjectEncoder(), new ObjectDecoder(ClassResolvers.cacheDisabled(null)),
                            new HelloWorldClientHandler());
                    }
                });

            // Start the client.
            ChannelFuture f = b.connect(HOST, PORT).sync();

            // Wait until the connection is closed.
            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        }
        finally {
            // Shut down the event loop to terminate all threads.
            group.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}


class HelloWorldClientHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {

    private final String msg = "hello java world";


    /**
     * Creates a client-side handler.
     */
    public HelloWorldClientHandler() {
        //TODO
    }


    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
        ctx.writeAndFlush(msg);
    }


    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
        System.out.println(msg);
        //        ctx.write(msg);
    }


    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
        ctx.flush();
    }


    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
        // Close the connection when an exception is raised.
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }
}