linux 学习笔记之 Standard I/O Library

最新推荐文章于 2023-01-17 14:50:12 发布

befun

最新推荐文章于 2023-01-17 14:50:12 发布

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分类专栏： Linux 文章标签： library linux descriptor file function stream

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/befun/article/details/1800673

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本文介绍了Linux标准I/O库中的缓冲类型，包括全缓冲、行缓冲和无缓冲，并通过setbuf和setvbuf函数设置缓冲。此外，讨论了fflush函数在刷新流中的作用。接着，讲解了如何使用freopen和fdopen打开流，以及读写流的注意事项和不同类型的I/O操作，如字符、行和直接I/O。最后，提到了每个标准I/O流与文件描述符的关系。

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Buffereing

Three types of buffereing provided:

Fully buffered. Files residing on disk are normally fully buffered by the standard I/O library.
Line buffered. Line buffering is typically used on a system when it refers to a terminal: standard input and standard output.
Unbuffered. It makes the data output as soon as possible. The standard error stream, for example, is normally unbuffered. This is so that any error messages are displayed as quickly as possible.

void setbuf(FILE * fp, char * buf);
void setvbuf(FILE * fp, char * buf, int mode, size_t size);

This function must call after the stream has been opened but before any other operation is performed on the stream.

With setbuf, we can turn buffering on or off. To enable buffering, buf must point to a buffer of length BUFSIZ. To disable buffering, we set buf to NULL.
With setvbuf, We specify exactuly which type of buffering we want. This is done with the mode argument: _IOFBUF -> fully buffered, _IOLBUF -> line buffered, _IONBUF -> unbuffered. The size argument equal the length of the buf.
In general, we should let the system choose the bufer size and automatically all