WMI - Windows Management Instrumentation,是基于 Web Based Enterprise Management(WBEM)的面向对象数据库,一个管理企业环境开发的标准接口。可以利用它访问本地主机的一些信息和服务、监视计算机、管理远程计算机…
在VS.NET中需要添加引用:System.Management.dll,这样你的项目才能使用WMI。
WMI 的使用灵活,但 class 也多,如:CPU的系列号-Win32_Processor、主板BIOS的系列号-Win32_BIOS、本地磁盘-Win32_LogicalDisk、共享资源-Win32_share等等,详细的 WMI 类名可以在MSDN中查询 ms-help://MS.VSCC.2003/MS.MSDNQTR.2003FEB.2052/wmisdk/wmi/win32_classes.htm
也可以使用WMI Tools管理WMI服务的名称空间http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=6430F853-1120-48DB-8CC5-F2ABDC3ED314&displaylang=en
用这个程序也可以获取WMI Class Name:
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Dim WMI As Management.ManagementClass
Dim info As Management.ManagementObject
‘ 返回 WMI 的 Class Name 到 String Array
Private Function FindWMI(ByVal IndexString As String, ByVal Deep As Boolean) As String()
Try
Dim _WMIList() As String
WMI = New Management.ManagementClass
Dim options As New Management.EnumerationOptions
Dim chClass As String = Nothing
If Not IndexString Is Nothing Then
chClass = IndexString
End If
options.EnumerateDeep = Deep
For Each info In WMI.GetSubclasses(options)
If _WMIList Is Nothing Then
ReDim _WMIList(0)
Else
ReDim Preserve _WMIList(UBound(_WMIList) + 1)
End If
If chClass Is Nothing Then
_WMIList(UBound(_WMIList)) = (info.Item("__Class"))
Else
If info.Item("__Class").ToString.Substring(0, _
IIf(info.Item("__Class").ToString.Length > chClass.Length, _
chClass.Length, info.Item("__Class").ToString.Length)).ToLower = chClass Then
_WMIList(UBound(_WMIList)) = (info.Item("__Class"))
End If
End If
Application.DoEvents()
Next
options = Nothing
info = Nothing
WMI = Nothing
Return _WMIList
Catch ex As Exception
MsgBox(ex.Message, 16 + 0, ex.TargetSite.Name)
End Try
End Function
‘获取 WMI 的 Class Info 并将其写入输出窗口
Private Sub GetInfo(ByVal IndexString As String)
Try
If IndexString Is Nothing Then Exit Sub
Dim wmiClass As String = IndexString
WMI = New Management.ManagementClass(wmiClass)
Dim strInfo As String
Console.WriteLine("WMI Class is:" & wmiClass)
For Each info In WMI.GetInstances
‘将 WMI Class Info 写到输出窗口
Console.WriteLine(info.GetText(Management.TextFormat.Mof).ToString)
Next
info = Nothing
WMI = Nothing
Catch ex As Exception
MsgBox(ex.Message, 16 + 0, ex.TargetSite.Name)
End Try
End Sub
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使用时:
Dim tmpStr() As String, i As Integer
'获取 WMI 的 Class Name
tmpStr = FindWMI(Nothing, True)
'列出 Class Name Array 中的第 559 个 Class 的 Info
GetInfo(tmpStr(559))
'列出物理内存的信息
GetInfo("Win32_PhysicalMemory")
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下面收集了一些例子;
获取本地硬盘的信息:
Imports System
Imports System.Management
Module Module1
Public Sub Main ()
Dim disk As ManagementObject = New ManagementObject("win32_logicaldisk.deviceid=""c:""")
disk.Get()
Console.WriteLine("Logical disk size is " + disk("Size").ToString + " bytes")
End Sub
End Module
驱动器类型disk(“DriveType”):
Value=2 | Value=3 | Value=4 | Value=5 | Value=6 |
Floppy disk | Hard disk | network drive | CDROM | RAM Disk |
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从新启动远程计算机:(需要权限)
Imports System
Imports System.Management
Module Module1
Public Sub Main ()
Dim co As ConnectionOptions = New ConnectionOptions
co.Username = "Admin"'登录的用户名称
co.Password = "12345678"'Password
Dim ms As System.Management.ManagementScope = New System.Management.ManagementScope("//192.168.1.2/root/cimv2", co)
Dim oq As System.Management.ObjectQuery = New System.Management.ObjectQuery("SELECT * FROM Win32_OperatingSystem")
Dim mos As ManagementObjectSearcher = New ManagementObjectSearcher(ms, oq)
Dim _query As ManagementObjectCollection = mos.Get()
Dim mo As ManagementObject
For Each mo In _query
Dim tmp() As String = {""}
mo.InvokeMethod("Reboot", tmp)
Console.WriteLine(mo.ToString())
Next
End Sub
End Module
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建立一个进程:
Imports System
Imports System.Management
Module Module1
Public Sub Main ()
Dim processClass As ManagementClass = New ManagementClass("Win32_Process")
Dim inParams As ManagementBaseObject = processClass.GetMethodParameters("Create")
inParams("CommandLine") = "calc.exe"
Dim outParams As ManagementBaseObject = processClass.InvokeMethod("Create", inParams, Nothing)
Console.WriteLine("Creation of calculator process returned: " + outParams("returnvalue"))
Console.WriteLine("进程 ID:" & outParams("processId"))
End Sub
End Module
结束一个进程:
Imports System
Imports System.Management
Module Module1
Public Sub Main ()
Dim service As ManagementObject = New ManagementObject("win32_service=""winmgmt""")
Dim options As InvokeMethodOptions = New InvokeMethodOptions
options.Timeout = New TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 5)
Dim outParams As ManagementBaseObject = service.InvokeMethod("StopService", Nothing, options)
Console.WriteLine("状态:" & outParams("Returnvalue"))
End Sub
End Module
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获取远程机器的目录以及文件信息:
Imports System
Imports System.Management
Module Module1
Public Sub Main ()
Dim disk As ManagementObject = New ManagementObject("win32_logicaldisk.deviceid=""c:""")
disk.Get()
Console.WriteLine("硬盘容量大小(bytes): " & disk("Size"))
End Sub
End Module
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获取物理内存大小:
Imports System
Imports System.Management
Module Module1
Public Sub Main ()
Dim strComputer = "ComputerName" '计算机名
Dim wbemServices, wbemObjectSet, wbemObject
wbemServices = GetObject("winmgmts://" & strComputer)
wbemObjectSet = wbemServices.InstancesOf("Win32_LogicalMemoryConfiguration")
For Each wbemObject In wbemObjectSet
Console.WriteLine("物理内存的大小 (kb):" & wbemObject.TotalPhysicalMemory)
Next
End Sub
End Module
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获取可用内存大小:
Imports System
Imports System.Management
Module Module1
Public Sub Main ()
Dim strComputer As String = ".", i, intValue As Integer
Dim colItems, objWMIService, objItem
objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts://" & strComputer & "/root/cimv2")
'重复执行 20 次检查
For i = 1 To 20
'产生内存快照
colItems = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * From Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Memory")
For Each objItem In colItems
intValue = objItem.AvailableMbytes
Console.WriteLine("可用内存大小 (MB): " & intValue )
'延时 5 秒
Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000)
Next
Next
End Sub
End Module
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获取服务名:
Imports System
Imports System.Management
Module Module1
Public Sub Main ()
Dim strComputer = " ComputerName"
Dim wbemServices, wbemObjectSet, wbemObject
wbemServices = GetObject("winmgmts://" & strComputer)
wbemObjectSet = wbemServices.InstancesOf("Win32_Service")
For Each wbemObject In wbemObjectSet
Console.WriteLine("服务名称:" & wbemObject.DisplayName)
Console.WriteLine("当前状态:" & wbemObject.State)
Console.WriteLine("启动模式:" & wbemObject.StartMode)
Next
End Sub
End Module
读取日志记录:
Imports System
Imports System.Management
Module Module1
Public Sub Main ()
Dim strComputer = "magicdog"
Dim wbemServices, wbemObjectSet, wbemObject
wbemServices = GetObject("winmgmts://" & strComputer)
wbemObjectSet = wbemServices.InstancesOf("Win32_NTLogEvent")
For Each wbemObject In wbemObjectSet
Console.WriteLine("日志文件:" & wbemObject.LogFile)
Console.WriteLine("记录号:" & wbemObject.RecordNumber)
Console.WriteLine("类型:" & wbemObject.Type)
Console.WriteLine("产生时间:" & wbemObject.TimeGenerated)
Console.WriteLine("源名称:" & wbemObject.SourceName)
Console.WriteLine("事件代码:" & wbemObject.EventCode)
Console.WriteLine("用户" & wbemObject.User)
Console.WriteLine("计算机名:" & wbemObject.ComputerName)
Console.WriteLine("信息:" & wbemObject.Message)
Next
End Sub
End Module
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删除日志文件:(请先备份)
Imports System
Imports System.Management
Module Module1
Public Sub Main ()
Dim strComputer = "."
Dim objWMIService, objLogFiles, objLogFile, logs, mylogs(3)
objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:{impersonationLevel=impersonate,(Backup)}!//" & strComputer & "/root/cimv2")
mylogs(1) = "application"
mylogs(2) = "system"
mylogs(3) = "security"
For Each logs In mylogs
objLogFiles = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_NTEventLogFile where LogFileName='" & logs & "'")
For Each objLogFile In objLogFiles
objLogFile.ClearEventLog()
Next
Next
End Sub
End Module
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使用性能计数器:
Imports System
Imports System.Management
Module Module1
Public Sub Main ()
Dim strComputer As String = ".", i, intValue As Integer
Dim colItems, objWMIService, objItem
objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts://" & strComputer & "/root/cimv2")
For i = 1 To 5
Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000)
colItems = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * From Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_Process Where Name = 'devenv'")
For Each objItem In colItems
intValue = objItem.HandleCount
Console.WriteLine("打开的句柄数 :" & intValue)
Next
Next
End Sub
End Module
使用Getobject函数创建对象多用于脚本中,所以参数为WMI脚本库的标记名"winmgmts:"和目标电脑名,上述的strComputer="."相当于localhost,若在远程计算机上执行则需将”.”改这相应的计算机名。
其中:
ManagementObject:单个管理对象
ManagementClass:单个管理类
ManagementObjectSearcher:查询管理对象及管理类的集合
ManagementEventWatcher:监视来自 WMI 的事件
ManagementQuery:用作所有查询类的基础。
也可以从脚本中创建:
Set oLocator = CreateObject("WbemScripting.SWbemLocator") ' New SWbemLocator
If Err.Number <> 0 Then
MsgBox "Windows Management (WMI) 不能被创建” & Err.Description
WScript.Quit(0)
End If
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set locator = createobject("WbemScripting.SwbemLocator")
set server = locator.ConnectServer ("//192.168.0.1/root/cimv2","username","password")
set p_obj = server.execquery("select * form Win32_operatingsystem")
for each p_objswbem in p_obj
p_objswbem.reboot ‘从新启动
next
WMI 的有关概述请参考 MSDN 或 http://www.csdn.net/develop/Article/19/19157.shtm