源码如下:
class Producer extends Thread {
private CubbyHole cubbyhole;
private int number;
private CubbyHole cubbyhole;
private int number;
public Producer(CubbyHole c, int number) {
cubbyhole = c;
this.number = number;
}
cubbyhole = c;
this.number = number;
}
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
cubbyhole.put(i);
try {
sleep((int)(Math.random() * 100));
} catch (InterruptedException e) { }
}
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
cubbyhole.put(i);
try {
sleep((int)(Math.random() * 100));
} catch (InterruptedException e) { }
}
}
}
class CubbyHole {
private int contents;
private boolean available = false;
private int contents;
private boolean available = false;
public synchronized int get() {
while (available == false) {
try {
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) { }
}
available = false;
notifyAll();
return contents;
}
while (available == false) {
try {
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) { }
}
available = false;
notifyAll();
return contents;
}
public synchronized void put(int value) {
while (available == true) {
try {
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) { }
}
contents = value;
available = true;
System.out.println("Producer #" + 1
+ " put: " + contents);
notifyAll();
}
}
while (available == true) {
try {
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) { }
}
contents = value;
available = true;
System.out.println("Producer #" + 1
+ " put: " + contents);
notifyAll();
}
}
class Consumer extends Thread {
private CubbyHole cubbyhole;
private int number;
private CubbyHole cubbyhole;
private int number;
public Consumer(CubbyHole c, int number) {
cubbyhole = c;
this.number = number;
}
cubbyhole = c;
this.number = number;
}
public void run() {
int value = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
value = cubbyhole.get();
System.out.println("Consumer #" + this.number
+ " got: " + value);
}
}
}
int value = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
value = cubbyhole.get();
System.out.println("Consumer #" + this.number
+ " got: " + value);
}
}
}
public class ProducerConsumerTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
CubbyHole c = new CubbyHole();
Producer p1 = new Producer(c, 1);
Consumer c1 = new Consumer(c, 1);
public static void main(String[] args) {
CubbyHole c = new CubbyHole();
Producer p1 = new Producer(c, 1);
Consumer c1 = new Consumer(c, 1);
p1.start();
c1.start();
}
}
c1.start();
}
}
程序运行结果如下:
Producer #1 put 1
consumer #1 got 1
Producer #1 put 2
consumer #1 got 2
Producer #1 put 3
consumer #1 got 3
Producer #1 put 4
consumer #1 got 4
Producer #1 put 5
consumer #1 got 5
Producer #1 put 6
consumer #1 got 6
Producer #1 put 7
consumer #1 got 7
Producer #1 put 8
consumer #1 got 8
Producer #1 put 9
consumer #1 got 9
总结如下:
1、红色的打印语句必须写在类CubbyHole的放数据方法put()中,而不能写在类Producer的run()方法中,否则运行结果不正确。因为当notifyAll()时,处于等待状态的另一线程会马上抢占处理机,马上得到运行。等另一线程时间片到或运行结束时,该线程才会继续运行notifyAll()后面的程序代码。
2、生产者和消费者这两个线程是同步的,因为它们修改的是同一变量即数据的值。因此它们具体的synchronized方法,监听的必须是同一个对象。因此,
专门定义了一个类CubbyHole,在其中定义两个线程具体的存放数据和取出数据的具体操作,这两个操作都是synchronized型的,这样就能够保证它们所监听的是同一对象的锁,即CubbyHole的对象的锁。
3、调用synchronized方法时,首先会给对象加锁,这样其他线程就无法同时调用该方法而只能等到第一个方法运行完毕后释放对象的锁,其他线程才能有机会获取到对象锁,从而执行该方法。但
当运行到synchronized方法中的wait()语句时,线程等待,并释放对象的锁,以使其他的线程可以得到该对象的锁,从而使其他线程得到运行。