Linux虚拟文件系统（内核初始化<二>）

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/bullbat/article/details/7246112

本文补充了Linux虚拟文件系统在内核初始化过程中的关键步骤，包括inode和dentry缓存的注册、shrinker机制的使用，以及文件描述符表和sysfs文件系统的初始化。

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这部分主要对linux虚拟文件系统内核初始化部分做些补充。

关于shrinker，inode和dentry cache初始化阶段都需要注册自己的shrinker，用于缩减cache。两个操作原理类似。

shrinker数据结构介绍

/*
 * A callback you can register to apply pressure to ageable caches.
 *
 * 'shrink' is passed a count 'nr_to_scan' and a 'gfpmask'.  It should
 * look through the least-recently-used 'nr_to_scan' entries and
 * attempt to free them up.  It should return the number of objects
 * which remain in the cache.  If it returns -1, it means it cannot do
 * any scanning at this time (eg. there is a risk of deadlock).
 *
 * The 'gfpmask' refers to the allocation we are currently trying to
 * fulfil.
 *
 * Note that 'shrink' will be passed nr_to_scan == 0 when the VM is
 * querying the cache size, so a fastpath for that case is appropriate.
 */
struct shrinker {
	int (*shrink)(int nr_to_scan, gfp_t gfp_mask);
	int seeks;	/* seeks to recreate an obj */

	/* These are for internal use */
	struct list_head list;
	long nr;	/* objs pending delete */
};

1，注册inode cache shrinker

Start_kernel()->vfs_caches_init()->dcache_init()->register_shrinker(&dcache_shrinker);

/*
 * Add a shrinker callback to be called from the vm
 */
void register_shrinker(struct shrinker *shrinker)
{
	shrinker->nr = 0;
	down_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
	list_add_tail(&shrinker->list, &shrinker_list);
	up_write(&shrinker_rwsem);
}

其中相关的函数在这里定义。

static struct shrinker dcache_shrinker = {
	.shrink = shrink_dcache_memory,
	.seeks = DEFAULT_SEEKS,
};

/*
 * Scan `nr' dentries and return the number which remain.
 *
 * We need to avoid reentering the filesystem if the caller is performing a
 * GFP_NOFS allocation attempt.  One example deadlock is:
 *
 * ext2_new_block->getblk->GFP->shrink_dcache_memory->prune_dcache->
 * prune_one_dentry->dput->dentry_iput->iput->inode->i_sb->s_op->put_inode->
 * ext2_discard_prealloc->ext2_free_blocks->lock_super->DEADLOCK.
 *
 * In this case we return -1 to tell the caller that we baled.
 */
static int shrink_dcache_memory(int nr, gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
	if (nr) {
		if (!(gfp_mask & __GFP_FS))
			return -1;
		prune_dcache(nr);/*缩减指定大小的cache*/
	}
	return (dentry_stat.n