android 串口通信实例分析

最新推荐文章于 2022-01-14 15:02:07 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-01-14 15:02:07 发布

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android 串口通信实例分析，用的时开源的android-serialport-api

这个是用android ndk实现的串口通信，我把他做了一个简化，适合于一般的程序的串口通信移植，欢迎拍砖～～～～～～～～～

先说jni接口吧，原本文件太多，其实只需要SerialPort.c和Android.mk就可以实现

Serialport.c

#include     <stdio.h>
#include     <stdlib.h>
#include     <unistd.h>
#include     <sys/types.h>
#include     <sys/stat.h>
#include     <fcntl.h>
#include     <termios.h>
#include     <errno.h>
#include 	 <jni.h>
#include     <android/log.h>

#define LOGI(...) ((void)__android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, "", __VA_ARGS__))//在logcat上打印信息用
//#define LOGD(fmt, args...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG, TAG, fmt, ##args)
//#define LOGE(fmt, args...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR, TAG, fmt, ##args)

static speed_t getBaudrate(jint baudrate)
{
	switch(baudrate) {
	case 0: return B0;
	case 50: return B50;
	case 75: return B75;
	case 110: return B110;
	case 134: return B134;
	case 150: return B150;
	case 200: return B200;
	case 300: return B300;
	case 600: return B600;
	case 1200: return B1200;
	case 1800: return B1800;
	case 2400: return B2400;
	case 4800: return B4800;
	case 9600: return B9600;
	case 19200: return B19200;
	case 38400: return B38400;
	case 57600: return B57600;
	case 115200: return B115200;
	case 230400: return B230400;
	case 460800: return B460800;
	case 500000: return B500000;
	case 576000: return B576000;
	case 921600: return B921600;
	case 1000000: return B1000000;
	case 1152000: return B1152000;
	case 1500000: return B1500000;
	case 2000000: return B2000000;
	case 2500000: return B2500000;
	case 3000000: return B3000000;
	case 3500000: return B3500000;
	case 4000000: return B4000000;
	default: return -1;
	}
}

/*
 * Class:     com.huangcheng.serial.SerialPort
 * Method:    open
 * Signature: (Ljava/lang/String;II)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;
 *
 * 用于打开串口，配置串口参数，包括的参数有path(需要打开的串口设备文件路径)，baudrate(波特率),flags(打开串口的参数，如O_NONBLOCK之类的，可以随不同情况设置)
 * 其串口数据的读取是用FileDescriptor来实现的
 *
 */
JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL Java_com_huangcheng_serial_SerialPort_open
  (JNIEnv *env, jclass thiz, jstring path, jint baudrate, jint flags)
{
	int fd;
	speed_t speed;
	jobject mFileDescriptor;

	/* Check arguments */
	{
		speed = getBaudrate(baudrate);
		if (speed == -1) {
			/* TODO: throw an exception */
			LOGI("Invalid baudrate");
			return NULL;
		}
	}

	/* Opening device */
	{
		jboolean iscopy;
		const char *path_utf = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, path, &iscopy);
		LOGI("Opening serial port %s with flags 0x%x", path_utf, O_RDWR | flags);
		fd = open(path_utf, O_RDWR | flags);
		LOGI("open() fd = %d", fd);
		(*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, path, path_utf);
		if (fd == -1)
		{
			/* Throw an exception */
			LOGI("Cannot open port");
			/* TODO: throw an exception */
			return NULL;
		}
	}

	/* Configure device */
	{
		struct termios cfg;
		LOGI("Configuring serial port");
		if (tcgetattr(fd, &cfg))
		{
			LOGI("tcgetattr() failed");
			close(fd);
			/* TODO: throw an exception */
			return NULL;
		}

		cfmakeraw(&cfg);
		cfsetispeed(&cfg, speed);
		cfsetospeed(&cfg, speed);

		if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &cfg))
		{
			LOGI("tcsetattr() failed");
			close(fd);
			/* TODO: throw an exception */
			return NULL;
		}
	}

	/* Create a corresponding file descriptor */
	{
		jclass cFileDescriptor = (*env)->FindClass(env, "java/io/FileDescriptor");
		jmethodID iFileDescriptor = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, cFileDescriptor, "<init>", "()V");
		jfieldID descriptorID = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, cFileDescriptor, "descriptor", "I");
		mFileDescriptor = (*env)->NewObject(env, cFileDescriptor, iFileDescriptor);
		(*env)->SetIntField(env, mFileDescriptor, descriptorID, (jint)fd);
	}

	return mFileDescriptor;
}

/*
 * Class:     com.huangcheng.serial.SerialPort
 * Method:    close
 * Signature: ()V
 *
 * 用于串口关闭
 */
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_com_huangcheng_serial_SerialPort_close
  (JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz)
{
	jclass SerialPortClass = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, thiz);
	jclass FileDescriptorClass = (*env)->FindClass(env, "java/io/FileDescriptor");

	jfieldID mFdID = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, SerialPortClass, "mFd", "Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;");
	jfieldID descriptorID = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, FileDescriptorClass, "descriptor", "I");

	jobject mFd = (*env)->GetObjectField(env, thiz, mFdID);
	jint descriptor = (*env)->GetIntField(env, mFd, descriptorID);

	LOGI("close(fd = %d)", descriptor);
	close(descriptor);
}

Android.mk

LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)

include $(CLEAR_VARS)

LOCAL_MODULE    := serial_port
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := SerialPort.c

LOCAL_LDLIBS    := -llog
include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)

然后，直接在目录下ndk-build一下，便可得到我们需要的lib库文件。看看怎么调用吧，首先在SerialPort.java中实现打开和关闭串口，引用了lib 库

package com.huangcheng.serial;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileDescriptor;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;

import android.util.Log;

public class SerialPort {
	private static final String TAG = "SerialPort";

	/*
	 * Do not remove or rename the field mFd: it is used by native method close();
	 */
	private FileDescriptor mFd;
	private FileInputStream mFileInputStream;
	private FileOutputStream mFileOutputStream;

	public SerialPort(File device, int baudrate, int flags) throws SecurityException, IOException {

		/* Check access permission */
		if (!device.canRead() || !device.canWrite()) {
			try {
				/* Missing read/write permission, trying to chmod the file */
				Process su;
				su = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("/system/bin/su");
				String cmd = "chmod 666 " + device.getAbsolutePath() + "\n"
						+ "exit\n";
				su.getOutputStream().write(cmd.getBytes());
				if ((su.waitFor() != 0) || !device.canRead()
						|| !device.canWrite()) {
					throw new SecurityException();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				throw new SecurityException();
			}
		}

		mFd = open(device.getAbsolutePath(), baudrate, flags);
		if (mFd == null) {
			Log.e(TAG, "native open returns null");
			throw new IOException();
		}
		mFileInputStream = new FileInputStream(mFd);
		mFileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(mFd);
	}

	// Getters and setters
	public InputStream getInputStream() {
		return mFileInputStream;
	}

	public OutputStream getOutputStream() {
		return mFileOutputStream;
	}

	// JNI
	private native static FileDescriptor open(String path, int baudrate, int flags);
	public native void close();
	static {
		System.loadLibrary("serial_port");
	}
}

然后他做了一个很聪明的控制串口打开和关闭的类Application.java，继承自android.app.Application 这样，他便可以在所有的Activity类中调用实现串口打开和关闭。

/*
 * Copyright 2009 Cedric Priscal
 * 
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License. 
 */

package com.huangcheng.serial;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.InvalidParameterException;

public class Application extends android.app.Application {

	private SerialPort mSerialPort = null;

	public SerialPort getSerialPort() throws SecurityException, IOException, InvalidParameterException {
		if (mSerialPort == null) {
			/* Open the serial port */
			mSerialPort = new SerialPort(new File("/dev/ttyUSB0"),19200, 0);
		}
		return mSerialPort;
	}

	public void closeSerialPort() {
		if (mSerialPort != null) {
			mSerialPort.close();
			mSerialPort = null;
		}
	}
}

最后写了一个类SerialPortActivity.java实现串口打开和关闭，串口数据通过Input/OutputStrean流来读取和发送，所有继承这个类的Activiy就可以实现串口读取或者发送。

/*
 * Copyright 2009 Cedric Priscal
 * 
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License. 
 */

package com.huangcheng.serial;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.security.InvalidParameterException;

import com.huangcheng.zigbeeview.R;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.DialogInterface.OnClickListener;
import android.os.Bundle;
public abstract class SerialPortActivity extends Activity {

	protected Application mApplication;
	protected SerialPort mSerialPort;
	protected OutputStream mOutputStream;
	private InputStream mInputStream;
	private ReadThread mReadThread;

	private class ReadThread extends Thread {

		@Override
		public void run() {
			super.run();
			while(!isInterrupted()) {
				int size;
				try {
					byte[] buffer = new byte[64];
					if (mInputStream == null) return;
					size = mInputStream.read(buffer);
					if (size > 0) {
						onDataReceived(buffer, size);
					}
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
					return;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	private void DisplayError(int resourceId) {
		AlertDialog.Builder b = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
		b.setTitle("Error");
		b.setMessage(resourceId);
		b.setPositiveButton("OK", new OnClickListener() {
			public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
				SerialPortActivity.this.finish();
			}
		});
		b.show();
	}

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		mApplication = (Application) getApplication();
		try {
			mSerialPort = mApplication.getSerialPort();
			mOutputStream = mSerialPort.getOutputStream();
			mInputStream = mSerialPort.getInputStream();

			/* Create a receiving thread */
			mReadThread = new ReadThread();
			mReadThread.start();
		} catch (SecurityException e) {
			DisplayError(R.string.error_security);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			DisplayError(R.string.error_unknown);
		} catch (InvalidParameterException e) {
			DisplayError(R.string.error_configuration);
		}
	}

	protected abstract void onDataReceived(final byte[] buffer, final int size);

	@Override
	protected void onDestroy() {
		if (mReadThread != null)
			mReadThread.interrupt();
		mApplication.closeSerialPort();
		mSerialPort = null;
		super.onDestroy();
	}
}

最后，是一个测试Activity实现串口收发，ConsoleActivity.java

/*
 * Copyright 2009 Cedric Priscal
 * 
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License. 
 */

package com.huangcheng.serial;

import java.io.IOException;

import com.huangcheng.zigbeeview.R;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.TextView.OnEditorActionListener;

public class ConsoleActivity extends SerialPortActivity {

	EditText mReception;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.console);

//		setTitle("Loopback test");
		mReception = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.EditTextReception);

		EditText Emission = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.EditTextEmission);
		Emission.setOnEditorActionListener(new OnEditorActionListener() {
			public boolean onEditorAction(TextView v, int actionId, KeyEvent event) {
				int i;
				CharSequence t = v.getText();
				char[] text = new char[t.length()];
				for (i=0; i<t.length(); i++) {
					text[i] = t.charAt(i);
				}
				try {
					mOutputStream.write(new String(text).getBytes());
					mOutputStream.write('\n');
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
				return false;
			}
		});
	}

	@Override
	protected void onDataReceived(final byte[] buffer, final int size) {
		runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				if (mReception != null) {
					mReception.append(new String(buffer, 0, size));
				}
			}
		});
	}
}