C++Template

输出结果：

Result of Int:5
Result of Double:5.2

非类型形参

template<class T,int maxSize>
class TmpStack
{
public:
	TmpStack();
	void push(T const &);//入栈
	void pop();//出栈
	T top() const;
	bool isEmpty()const //返回是否为空
	{
		return numOfElems == 0;
	}
	bool isFull()const //返回是否满
	{
		return numOfElems == maxSize;
	}
	
private:
	T elems[maxSize];//包含元素的数组
	int numOfElems;//当前元素数量

};
template<class T, int maxSize>
TmpStack<T, maxSize>::TmpStack() :numOfElems(0)
{
}

template<class T, int maxSize>
void TmpStack<T, maxSize>::push(T const &element)
{
	if (numOfElems == maxSize)
		throw out_of_range("TmpStack<>::push:Stack if full!");
	elems[numOfElems] = element;
	++numOfElems;
}

template<class T, int maxSize>
void TmpStack<T, maxSize>::pop()
{
	if (numOfElems == 0)
		throw out_of_range("TmpStack<>::pop:Stack if empty!");
	--numOfElems;
}

template<class T, int maxSize>
T TmpStack<T, maxSize>::top() const
{
	if (numOfElems == 0)
		throw out_of_range("TmpStack<>::top:Stack if empty!");
	return elems[numOfElems-1];
}

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
	TmpStack<int, 20> intStackInstance;
	intStackInstance.push(7);
	std::cout << intStackInstance.top() << std::endl;   
	intStackInstance.pop();

	TmpStack<string, 15> stringStackInstance;
	stringStackInstance.push("string1");
	std::cout << stringStackInstance.top() << std::endl;

	return 0;
}

输出结果：

7

string1

比较大小

template<typename Type>
Type getMax(const Type a, const Type b) 
{
	return a>b? a:b;
}
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
	cout << getMax(2.3, 3.4) << endl;
	cout << getMax(2, 3) << endl;
	
	return 0;
}

带多个模板类型形参

template<class T1,class T2,class T3>
class MySumClass
{
public:
	MySumClass(){};
	~MySumClass(){};
	double sumTotal(T1 a, T2 b, T3 c);
	
private:

};
template<class T1, class T2, class T3>
double MySumClass<T1, T2, T3>::sumTotal(T1 a, T2 b, T3 c)
{
	return a + b + c;
}


int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
	MySumClass<int, short, double> mySumClassInstance;
	cout << mySumClassInstance.sumTotal(2, 3, 4.5) << endl;

	return 0;
}

输出结果：

9.5