[编译]autoconf 工具学习

（1）hello目录下，新建一个hello.c , 写入代码如：

#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char** argv){
     printf("%s", 'Hello, Linux World!\n");
     return 0;
}

（2）使用autoscan命令来帮助我们根据目录下的 源代码生成一个configure.in的 模板文件.

root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# autoscan
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# ls
autoscan.log  configure.scan  hello.c

（3）将configure.scan改名为configure.ac，改为configure.in会有警告的：

root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# mv configure.scan configure.in
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# vi configure.in

我改为了configure.ac，家红字的要注意，否则，会报错的：

#                                               -*- Autoconf -*-
# Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.


AC_PREREQ([2.69])
AC_INIT([FULL-PACKAGE-NAME], [1.0], [zhangbin@163.com])
AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE
AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([hello.c])
AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h])


# Checks for programs.
AC_PROG_CC


# Checks for libraries.


# Checks for header files.
AC_CHECK_HEADERS([stdlib.h])


# Checks for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics.


# Checks for library functions.


AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile])
AC_OUTPUT

修改Makefile.am :

AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS=foreign
bin_PROGRAMS=helloworld
helloworld_SOURCES=hello.c

（4） 执行aclocal  
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# aclocal

aclocal: warning: autoconf input should be named 'configure.ac', not 'configure.in'

这个时候， 会生成这个autom4te.cache的目录 ：

root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# ls
autom4te.cache  autoscan.log  configure.in  hello.c

root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# ls autom4te.cache/
output.0  requests  traces.0

（4）autoheader

（5）执行autoconf会生成confgure文件：

root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# autoconf
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# ls
autom4te.cache  autoscan.log  configure  configure.in  hello.c

（6） automake --add-missing

（7） ./configure 

(8) make

参考 http://blog.csdn.net/mymtom/article/details/2044225

=======================过程

zhangbin@Ubuntu32:~/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello$ sudo su
[sudo] password for zhangbin: 
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# ls
autom4te.cache  autoscan.log  configure  configure.in  hello.c  Makefile.am
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# ls -al
总用量 148
drwxr-xr-x 3 root     root       4096 Oct 10 09:59 .
drwxrwxr-x 4 zhangbin zhangbin   4096 Oct 10 15:04 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root     root       4096 Oct 10 10:00 autom4te.cache
-rw-r--r-- 1 root     root          0 Oct 10 09:54 autoscan.log
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root     root     123928 Oct 10 09:56 configure
-rw-r--r-- 1 root     root        496 Oct 10 09:54 configure.in
-rw-r--r-- 1 root     root        118 Oct 10 09:53 hello.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 root     root         77 Oct 10 09:59 Makefile.am
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# chown zhangbin *
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# ls
autom4te.cache  autoscan.log  configure  configure.in  hello.c  Makefile.am
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# mv configure.in configure.ac
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# aclocal

root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# autoheader
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# autoconf
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# automake --add-missing
configure.ac: error: no proper invocation of AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE was found.
configure.ac: You should verify that configure.ac invokes AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE,
configure.ac: that aclocal.m4 is present in the top-level directory,
configure.ac: and that aclocal.m4 was recently regenerated (using aclocal)
automake: error: no 'Makefile.am' found for any configure output
automake: Did you forget AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile]) in configure.ac?
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# automake --add-missing
configure.ac:21: error: `#' is already registered with AC_CONFIG_FILES.
../../lib/autoconf/status.m4:288: AC_CONFIG_FILES is expanded from...
configure.ac:21: the top level
autom4te: /usr/bin/m4 failed with exit status: 1
automake: error: autoconf failed with exit status: 1
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# automake --add-missing
configure.ac: error: no proper invocation of AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE was found.
configure.ac: You should verify that configure.ac invokes AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE,
configure.ac: that aclocal.m4 is present in the top-level directory,
configure.ac: and that aclocal.m4 was recently regenerated (using aclocal)
Makefile.am: installing './depcomp'
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am: error: am__fastdepCC does not appear in AM_CONDITIONAL
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:   The usual way to define 'am__fastdepCC' is to add 'AC_PROG_CC'
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:   to 'configure.ac' and run 'aclocal' and 'autoconf' again
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am: error: AMDEP does not appear in AM_CONDITIONAL
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:   The usual way to define 'AMDEP' is to add one of the compiler tests
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:     AC_PROG_CC, AC_PROG_CXX, AC_PROG_OBJC, AC_PROG_OBJCXX,
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:     AM_PROG_AS, AM_PROG_GCJ, AM_PROG_UPC
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:   to 'configure.ac' and run 'aclocal' and 'autoconf' again
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# automake --add-missing
configure.ac: error: no proper invocation of AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE was found.
configure.ac: You should verify that configure.ac invokes AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE,
configure.ac: that aclocal.m4 is present in the top-level directory,
configure.ac: and that aclocal.m4 was recently regenerated (using aclocal)
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am: error: am__fastdepCC does not appear in AM_CONDITIONAL
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:   The usual way to define 'am__fastdepCC' is to add 'AC_PROG_CC'
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:   to 'configure.ac' and run 'aclocal' and 'autoconf' again
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am: error: AMDEP does not appear in AM_CONDITIONAL
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:   The usual way to define 'AMDEP' is to add one of the compiler tests
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:     AC_PROG_CC, AC_PROG_CXX, AC_PROG_OBJC, AC_PROG_OBJCXX,
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:     AM_PROG_AS, AM_PROG_GCJ, AM_PROG_UPC
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:   to 'configure.ac' and run 'aclocal' and 'autoconf' again
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello#                                    
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# 
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# 
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# 

root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# automake --add-missing
configure.ac: error: no proper invocation of AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE was found.
configure.ac: You should verify that configure.ac invokes AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE,
configure.ac: that aclocal.m4 is present in the top-level directory,
configure.ac: and that aclocal.m4 was recently regenerated (using aclocal)
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am: error: am__fastdepCC does not appear in AM_CONDITIONAL
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:   The usual way to define 'am__fastdepCC' is to add 'AC_PROG_CC'
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:   to 'configure.ac' and run 'aclocal' and 'autoconf' again
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am: error: AMDEP does not appear in AM_CONDITIONAL
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:   The usual way to define 'AMDEP' is to add one of the compiler tests
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:     AC_PROG_CC, AC_PROG_CXX, AC_PROG_OBJC, AC_PROG_OBJCXX,
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:     AM_PROG_AS, AM_PROG_GCJ, AM_PROG_UPC
/usr/share/automake-1.14/am/depend2.am:   to 'configure.ac' and run 'aclocal' and 'autoconf' again

root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# aclocal

root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# 

root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# autoheader
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# autoconf

root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# ls

aclocal.m4      autoscan.log  config.h.in~  configure.ac  hello.c
autom4te.cache  config.h.in   configure     depcomp       Makefile.am

root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# automake --add-missing
configure.ac:11: installing './compile'
configure.ac:6: installing './install-sh'
configure.ac:6: installing './missing'

root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# ls
aclocal.m4      compile       configure     hello.c      Makefile.in
autom4te.cache  config.h.in   configure.ac  install-sh   missing
autoscan.log    config.h.in~  depcomp       Makefile.am
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# ./configure --help
`configure' configures FULL-PACKAGE-NAME 1.0 to adapt to many kinds of systems.


Usage: ./configure [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...


To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as
VAR=VALUE.  See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables.


Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.


Configuration:
  -h, --help              display this help and exit
      --help=short        display options specific to this package
      --help=recursive    display the short help of all the included packages
  -V, --version           display version information and exit
  -q, --quiet, --silent   do not print `checking ...' messages
      --cache-file=FILE   cache test results in FILE [disabled]
  -C, --config-cache      alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'
  -n, --no-create         do not create output files
      --srcdir=DIR        find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..']


Installation directories:
  --prefix=PREFIX         install architecture-independent files in PREFIX
                          [/usr/local]
  --exec-prefix=EPREFIX   install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX
                          [PREFIX]


By default, `make install' will install all the files in
`/usr/local/bin', `/usr/local/lib' etc.  You can specify
an installation prefix other than `/usr/local' using `--prefix',
for instance `--prefix=$HOME'.


For better control, use the options below.


Fine tuning of the installation directories:
  --bindir=DIR            user executables [EPREFIX/bin]
  --sbindir=DIR           system admin executables [EPREFIX/sbin]
  --libexecdir=DIR        program executables [EPREFIX/libexec]
  --sysconfdir=DIR        read-only single-machine data [PREFIX/etc]
  --sharedstatedir=DIR    modifiable architecture-independent data [PREFIX/com]
  --localstatedir=DIR     modifiable single-machine data [PREFIX/var]
  --libdir=DIR            object code libraries [EPREFIX/lib]
  --includedir=DIR        C header files [PREFIX/include]
  --oldincludedir=DIR     C header files for non-gcc [/usr/include]
  --datarootdir=DIR       read-only arch.-independent data root [PREFIX/share]
  --datadir=DIR           read-only architecture-independent data [DATAROOTDIR]
  --infodir=DIR           info documentation [DATAROOTDIR/info]
  --localedir=DIR         locale-dependent data [DATAROOTDIR/locale]
  --mandir=DIR            man documentation [DATAROOTDIR/man]
  --docdir=DIR            documentation root
                          [DATAROOTDIR/doc/full-package-name]
  --htmldir=DIR           html documentation [DOCDIR]
  --dvidir=DIR            dvi documentation [DOCDIR]
  --pdfdir=DIR            pdf documentation [DOCDIR]
  --psdir=DIR             ps documentation [DOCDIR]


Program names:
  --program-prefix=PREFIX            prepend PREFIX to installed program names
  --program-suffix=SUFFIX            append SUFFIX to installed program names
  --program-transform-name=PROGRAM   run sed PROGRAM on installed program names


Optional Features:
  --disable-option-checking  ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options
  --disable-FEATURE       do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)
  --enable-FEATURE[=ARG]  include FEATURE [ARG=yes]
  --enable-silent-rules   less verbose build output (undo: "make V=1")
  --disable-silent-rules  verbose build output (undo: "make V=0")
  --enable-dependency-tracking
                          do not reject slow dependency extractors
  --disable-dependency-tracking
                          speeds up one-time build


Some influential environment variables:
  CC          C compiler command
  CFLAGS      C compiler flags
  LDFLAGS     linker flags, e.g. -L<lib dir> if you have libraries in a
              nonstandard directory <lib dir>
  LIBS        libraries to pass to the linker, e.g. -l<library>
  CPPFLAGS    (Objective) C/C++ preprocessor flags, e.g. -I<include dir> if
              you have headers in a nonstandard directory <include dir>
  CPP         C preprocessor


Use these variables to override the choices made by `configure' or to help
it to find libraries and programs with nonstandard names/locations.


Report bugs to <zhangbin@163.com>.
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# ls
aclocal.m4      compile       configure     hello.c      Makefile.in
autom4te.cache  config.h.in   configure.ac  install-sh   missing
autoscan.log    config.h.in~  depcomp       Makefile.am
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# ./configure
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p
checking for gawk... gawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
checking whether make supports nested variables... yes
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables... 
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking whether gcc understands -c and -o together... yes
checking for style of include used by make... GNU
checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3
checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /bin/grep
checking for egrep... /bin/grep -E
checking for ANSI C header files... yes
checking for sys/types.h... yes
checking for sys/stat.h... yes
checking for stdlib.h... yes
checking for string.h... yes
checking for memory.h... yes
checking for strings.h... yes
checking for inttypes.h... yes
checking for stdint.h... yes
checking for unistd.h... yes
checking for stdlib.h... (cached) yes
checking that generated files are newer than configure... done
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating Makefile
config.status: creating config.h
config.status: executing depfiles commands

root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# make
make  all-am
make[1]: 正在进入目录 `/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello'
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I.     -g -O2 -MT hello.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/hello.Tpo -c -o hello.o hello.c
mv -f .deps/hello.Tpo .deps/hello.Po
gcc  -g -O2   -o helloworld hello.o  
make[1]:正在离开目录 `/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello'

root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello# ls
aclocal.m4      config.h      config.status  hello.c     Makefile     stamp-h1
autom4te.cache  config.h.in   configure      hello.o     Makefile.am
autoscan.log    config.h.in~  configure.ac   helloworld  Makefile.in
compile         config.log    depcomp        install-sh  missing
root@Ubuntu32:/home/zhangbin/alex/codeStore/testCODE/testAUTOCONF/hello#                         塔机配件大全