14天学会安卓开发(第十天)Android网络与通讯

14天学会安卓开发   作者:神秘的N (英文名  corder_raine) 联系方式:369428455(反馈) 交流群 :284552167(示例,原文档下载)

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目录             

第十天.Android网络与通信... 100

10.1  Android网络通讯介绍... 100

10.1.1 网络通讯技术... 100

10.2  Java.net 101

10.2.2主Activity. 101

10.2.3 直接获取数据... 102

10.2.4 以Get方式上传参数... 103

10.2.5 以Post方式上传参数... 103

10.3  ApacheHttpClient 105

10.3.1 使用HttpClient:主Activity. 105

10.3.2 HttpClient:HttpGet 106

10.3.3 HttpClient:HttpPost 107

10.4  装载并显示Web网页... 108

10.4.1 用线程刷新网页显示... 108

10.4.2 装载网页并显示... 109

10.5  Socket编程复习... 110

第十天.Android网络与通信
10.1 Android网络通讯介绍
    10.1.1 网络通讯技术

Ø   Java.net

Ø   Apache HttpClient

Ø   Socket技术

Ø   装载网页

Ø   WiFi技术

Ø   Bluetooth蓝牙

10.2 Java.net
10.2.2主Activity

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public class Activity01 extendsActivity{         publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {                super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);                setContentView(R.layout.main)                       Buttonbutton_http = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button_HTTP);                /*监听button的事件信息 */                button_http.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {                       publicvoid onClick(View v){                       /*新建一个Intent对象 */                       Intentintent = new Intent();                       /*指定intent要启动的类 */                       intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity02.class);                       /*启动一个新的Activity*/                       startActivity(intent);                       /*关闭当前的Activity*/                       Activity01. this .finish();                       }                });

**   Activity02是直接获取数据的demo!

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Button button_Get = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Get);                /*监听button的事件信息 */                button_Get.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {                       publicvoid onClick(View v)                       {                              /*新建一个Intent对象 */                              Intentintent = new Intent();                              /*指定intent要启动的类 */                              intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity03.class);                              /*启动一个新的Activity*/                              startActivity(intent);                              /*关闭当前的Activity*/                              Activity01. this .finish();                       }                });

**   Activity03是以Get方式上传参数的demo!

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Button button_Post = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Post);                /*监听button的事件信息 */                button_Post.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {                       publicvoid onClick(View v)                       {                              /*新建一个Intent对象 */                              Intentintent = new Intent();                              /*指定intent要启动的类 */                              intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity04.class);                              /*启动一个新的Activity*/                              startActivity(intent);                              /*关闭当前的Activity*/                              Activity01. this .finish();                       }                });         } } //结束Activity1类

**   Activity04是以Post方式上传参数的demo!

10.2.3 直接获取数据

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//http地址 String httpUrl = "http://serverip:8080/AndroidAppServer/index.jsp" ; //获得的数据 String resultData = "" ; URLurl = null ; //构造一个URL对象 url = new URL(httpUrl);         //使用HttpURLConnection打开连接 HttpURLConnection urlConn =(HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); //得到读取的内容(流) InputStreamReader in = newInputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream()); // 为输出创建BufferedReader BufferedReader buffer = newBufferedReader(in); String inputLine = null ; //使用循环来读取获得的数据 while (((inputLine = buffer.readLine())!= null )){         resultData+= inputLine + "" ; }

**   研究HttpURLConnectionDemo工程(Activity02.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1  

10.2.4 以Get方式上传参数

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String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp?par=abcdefg" ;         URLurl = new URL(httpUrl);         //使用HttpURLConnection打开连接         HttpURLConnectionurlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();         //得到读取的内容(流)         InputStreamReaderin = new InputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream());         //为输出创建BufferedReader         BufferedReaderbuffer = new BufferedReader(in);         StringinputLine = null ;         //使用循环来读取获得的数据         while (((inputLine = buffer.readLine()) != null )){ resultData += inputLine + "" ; }          //关闭InputStreamReader         in.close();         //关闭http连接         urlConn.disconnect();

**   研究HttpURLConnectionDemo工程(Activity03.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1

10.2.5 以Post方式上传参数

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String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp" ; URL url = new URL(httpUrl);         HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection(); //因为这个是post请求,设立需要设置为true urlConn.setDoOutput( true );urlConn.setDoInput( true ); urlConn.setRequestMethod( "POST" );          // 设置以POST方式 urlConn.setUseCaches( false );                   // Post 请求不能使用缓存 urlConn.setInstanceFollowRedirects( true ); urlConn.setRequestProperty( "Content-Type" , "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" ); urlConn.connect(); DataOutputStream out = newDataOutputStream(urlConn.getOutputStream()); String content = "par=" +URLEncoder.encode( "ABCDEFG" , "gb2312" ); //要上传的参数 out.writeBytes(content);                   //将要上传的内容写入流中 out.flush();        out.close(); //获取数据 BufferedReader reader = newBufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream())); String inputLine = null ; while (((inputLine = reader.readLine())!= null )){resultData += inputLine + "" ;}          reader.close();urlConn.disconnect();

**   研究HttpURLConnectionDemo工程(Activity03.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1               

main.xml

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< LinearLayout          xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"          android:orientation = "vertical"          android:layout_width = "fill_parent"          android:layout_height = "fill_parent" >          < TextView                  android:layout_width = "fill_parent"                  android:layout_height = "wrap_content"                  android:text = "通过下面的按钮进行不同方式的连接" />          < Button                  android:id = "@+id/Button_HTTP"                  android:layout_width = "fill_parent"                  android:layout_height = "wrap_content"                  android:text = "直接获取数据" />          < Button                  android:id = "@+id/Button_Get"                  android:layout_width = "fill_parent"                  android:layout_height = "wrap_content"                  android:text = "以GET方式传递数据" />          < Button                  android:id = "@+id/Button_Post"                  android:layout_width = "fill_parent"                  android:layout_height = "wrap_content"                  android:text = "以POST方式传递数据" /> </ LinearLayout >

AndroidManifest.xml

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< manifest xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"        package = "com.lxt008"        android:versionCode = "1"        android:versionName = "1.0" >      < application android:icon = "@drawable/icon" android:label = "@string/app_name" >          < activity android:name = ".Activity01"                    android:label = "@string/app_name" >              < intent-filter >                  < action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />                  < category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />              </ intent-filter >          </ activity >                  < activity android:name = "Activity02" ></ activity >                  < activity android:name = "Activity03" ></ activity >                  < activity android:name = "Activity04" ></ activity >      </ application >          < uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.INTERNET" />      < uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion=“7" /> </ manifest >

10.3 ApacheHttpClient   
   10.3.1 使用HttpClient:主Activity

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Button button_Get = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Get); button_Get.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {         publicvoid onClick(View v){                Intentintent = new Intent(); /* 新建一个Intent对象 */                /*指定intent要启动的类 */                intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity02.class);                                 startActivity(intent);/* 启动一个新的Activity*/                      Activity01.this.finish();/* 关闭当前的Activity*/ }                });

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Button button_Post = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Post); button_Post.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {         publicvoid onClick(View v){                Intentintent = new Intent();                /*指定intent要启动的类 */                intent.setClass(Activity01. this ,Activity03. class );                startActivity(intent);                                      Activity01. this .finish();}                });           }

**   研究ApacheHttpClientDemo工程(Activity01.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1

10.3.2 HttpClient:HttpGet

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String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp?par=HttpClient_android_Get" ; //HttpGet连接对象 HttpGet httpRequest = newHttpGet(httpUrl); //取得HttpClient对象      HttpClient httpclient = newDefaultHttpClient();  //请求HttpClient，取得HttpResponse HttpResponse httpResponse = httpclient.execute(httpRequest); //请求成功 if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()== HttpStatus.SC_OK){         //取得返回的字符串         StringstrResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());         mTextView.setText(strResult); } else {         mTextView.setText( "请求错误!" ); [align=left]}

**   研究ApacheHttpClientDemo工程(Activity02.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1

10.3.3 HttpClient:HttpPost

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String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp" ; //HttpPost连接对象 HttpPost httpRequest = newHttpPost(httpUrl); //使用NameValuePair来保存要传递的Post参数 List params = newArrayList(); //添加要传递的参数 params.add(newBasicNameValuePair( "par" , "HttpClient_android_Post" )); //设置字符集 HttpEntity httpentity = newUrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "gb2312" ); //请求httpRequest httpRequest.setEntity(httpentity); //取得默认的HttpClient HttpClient httpclient = newDefaultHttpClient(); //取得HttpResponse HttpResponse httpResponse =httpclient.execute(httpRequest); if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){         StringstrResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());}

**   研究ApacheHttpClientDemo工程(Activity03.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1

10.4 装载并显示Web网页
  10.4.1 用线程刷新网页显示

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public void onCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){ new Thread(mRunnable).start(); //开启线程 }         //刷新网页显示         privatevoid refresh(){                       URLurl = new URL( "http://192.168.1.110:8080/date.jsp" );                HttpURLConnectionurlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();                InputStreamReaderin = new InputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream());                BufferedReaderbuffer = new BufferedReader(in);                StringinputLine = null ;                //使用循环来读取获得的数据 //关闭InputStreamReader// 设置显示取得的内容 } }

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private Runnable mRunnable = newRunnable()  {         publicvoid run()  {               while ( true ) {         Thread.sleep( 5 * 1000 );                   //发送消息                   mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage());  };           Handler mHandler = new Handler() {             public void handleMessage(Message msg)  {               super .handleMessage(msg);               refresh();             } };

**   研究HttpURLConnectionRefresh工程

10.4.2 装载网页并显示

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WebView webView = (WebView)findViewById(R.id.webview); String html = "Hello lxt008!!!" ; //装载页面,你可以换成URL地址。 webView.loadDataWithBaseURL( "Demo" ,html, "text/html" , "utf-8" , null ); //设置支持JS webView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled( true ); //设置浏览器客户端 webView.setWebChromeClient(newWebChromeClient());

10.5 Socket编程复习

Ø     以前课程中学过Socket编程。

Ø   研究SocketDemo以复习巩固Socket在Android中的使用。

示例下载