13. Roman to Integer

原题

Given a roman numeral, convert it to an integer.

Input is guaranteed to be within the range from 1 to 3999.

Common knowledge

1-10的中间数：V(5)
10-100的中间数： L(50)
100-1000的中间数：500（D）

so

• I placed before V or X indicates one less, so four is IV (one less
  than five) and nine is IX (one less than ten)
• X placed before L or C indicates ten less, so forty is XL (ten less
  than fifty) and ninety is XC (ten less than a hundred)
• C placed before D or M indicates a hundred less, so four hundred is CD (a hundred less than five
  hundred) and nine hundred is CM (a hundred less than a thousand)

For example, MCMIV is one thousand nine hundred and four, 1904 (M is a thousand, CM is nine hundred and IV is four).

代码实现

        public int RomanToInt(string s)
        {
            Dictionary<char, int> T = new Dictionary<char, int>{
                                   { 'I' , 1 },
                                   { 'V' , 5 },
                                   { 'X' , 10 },
                                   { 'L' , 50 },
                                   { 'C' , 100 },
                                   { 'D' , 500 },
                                   { 'M' , 1000 } 
            };

            int sum = T[s[s.Length-1]];
            for (int i = s.Length - 2; i >= 0; --i)
            {
                //if T[s[i]]<T[s[i+1]] indicates it should subtract T[s[i]]
                //for example:I placed before V indicates one less, so four is IV
                if (T[s[i]] < T[s[i + 1]])
                {
                    sum -= T[s[i]];
                }
                else //else adds
                {
                    sum += T[s[i]];
                }
            }

            return sum;
        }

题库

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