C# 语言规范--1.6 语句

<script language='javascript' src='http://www.shiqiaotou.com/donetk/Header.js'></script>   C# 中的大多数语句都是直接从 C 和 C++ 借用的，但有一些值得注意的添加和修改。下表列出了可用的语句类型，并提供了每种类型的示例。

    语句 示例

    语句列表和块语句 static void Main() {
    F();
    G();
    {
        H();
        I();
    }
}

    标记语句和 goto 语句 static void Main(string[] args) {
    if (args.Length == 0)
        goto done;
    Console.WriteLine(args.Length);

done:
    Console.WriteLine("Done");
}

    局部常数声明 static void Main() {
    const float pi = 3.14f;
    const int r = 123;
    Console.WriteLine(pi * r * r);
}

    局部变量声明 static void Main() {
    int a;
    int b = 2, c = 3;
    a = 1;
    Console.WriteLine(a + b + c);
}

    表达式语句 static int F(int a, int b) {
    return a + b;
}
static void Main() {
    F(1, 2);  // Expression statement
}

    if 语句 static void Main(string[] args) {
    if (args.Length == 0)
        Console.WriteLine("No args");
    else
        Console.WriteLine("Args");
}

    switch 语句 static void Main(string[] args) {
    switch (args.Length) {
        case 0:
            Console.WriteLine("No args");
            break;
        case 1:
            Console.WriteLine("One arg ");
            break;
        default:
            int n = args.Length;
            Console.WriteLine("{0} args", n);
            break;
    }
}

    while 语句 static void Main(string[] args) {
    int i = 0;
    while (i < args.Length) {
        Console.WriteLine(args[i]);
        i++;
    }
}

    do 语句 static void Main() {
    string s;
    do { s = Console.ReadLine(); }
    while (s != "Exit");
}

    for 语句 static void Main(string[] args) {
    for (int i = 0; i < args.Length; i++)
        Console.WriteLine(args[i]);
}

    foreach 语句 static void Main(string[] args) {
    foreach (string s in args)
        Console.WriteLine(s);
}

    break 语句 static void Main(string[] args) {
    int i = 0;
    while (true) {
        if (i == args.Length)
            break;
        Console.WriteLine(args[i++]);
    }
}

    continue 语句 static void Main(string[] args) {
    int i = 0;
    while (true) {
       Console.WriteLine(args[i++]);
       if (i < args.Length)
            continue;
       break;
    }
}

    return 语句 static int F(int a, int b) {
    return a + b;
}
static void Main() {
    Console.WriteLine(F(1, 2));
    return;
}

    throw 语句和 try 语句 static int F(int a, int b) {
    if (b == 0)
        throw new Exception("Divide by zero");
    return a / b;
}
static void Main() {
    try {
        Console.WriteLine(F(5, 0));
    }
    catch(Exception e) {
        Console.WriteLine("Error");
    }
}

    checked 和 unchecked 语句 static void Main() {
    int x = Int32.MaxValue;

    Console.WriteLine(x + 1);      // Overflow

    checked {
        Console.WriteLine(x + 1);  // Exception
    }

    unchecked {
        Console.WriteLine(x + 1);  // Overflow
    }
}

    lock 语句 static void Main() {
    A a = ...;
    lock(a) {
        a.P = a.P + 1;
    }
}

    using 语句 static void Main() {
    using (Resource r = new Resource()) {
        r.F();
    }
}

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