使用UncaughtExceptionHandler保存全局异常

网上关于安卓开发过程中出现的异常捕抓问题已经讲得非常透彻了，现在为自己总结一下使用UncaughtExceptionHandler捕抓程序中没有处理的异常，不至于弹出：

那么这里的程序结构为：

代码如下：

public class CrashHandler implements UncaughtExceptionHandler {

	public static final String TAG = "CrashHandler";

	// 系统默认的UncaughtException处理类
	private Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultHandler;
	// CrashHandler实例
	private static CrashHandler INSTANCE = new CrashHandler();
	// 程序的Context对象
	private Context mContext;
	// 用来存储设备信息和异常信息
	private Map<String, String> infos = new HashMap<String, String>();

	// 用于格式化日期,作为日志文件名的一部分
	@SuppressLint("SimpleDateFormat")
	private DateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss");

	/** 保证只有一个CrashHandler实例 */
	private CrashHandler() {
	}

	/** 获取CrashHandler实例 ,单例模式 */
	public static CrashHandler getInstance() {
		return INSTANCE;
	}

	/**
	 * 初始化
	 * 
	 * @param context
	 */
	public void init(Context context) {
		mContext = context;
		// 获取系统默认的UncaughtException处理器
		mDefaultHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();
		// 设置该CrashHandler为程序的默认处理器
		Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);
	}

	/**
	 * 当UncaughtException发生时会转入该函数来处理
	 */
	@Override
	public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {
		Log.e("CrashHandler", "异常退出程序#0");
		// if (!handleException(ex) && mDefaultHandler != null) {
		if (!handleException(ex) && mDefaultHandler != null) {
			// 如果用户没有处理则让系统默认的异常处理器来处理
			mDefaultHandler.uncaughtException(thread, ex);
		} else {
			
			
			try {
				Thread.sleep(3000);
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				Log.e(TAG, "error : ", e);
			}
			for(Activity activity : CrashApplication.mylist){
				activity.finish();
			}
			CrashApplication.mylist.clear();
			Toast.makeText(mContext, "上传完成", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());
			System.exit(0);
			Looper.myLooper().quit();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 自定义错误处理,收集错误信息 发送错误报告等操作均在此完成.
	 * 
	 * @param ex
	 * @return true:如果处理了该异常信息;否则返回false.
	 */
	private boolean handleException(Throwable ex) {
		if (ex == null) {
			return false;
		}
		// 使用Toast来显示异常信息
		new Thread() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				Looper.prepare();
				Toast.makeText(mContext, "很抱歉,程序出现异常,即将退出.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG)
						.show();
				Looper.loop();
			}
		}.start();
		// 收集设备参数信息
		collectDeviceInfo(mContext);
		// 保存日志文件
		saveCrashInfo2File(ex);
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * 收集设备参数信息
	 * 
	 * @param ctx
	 */
	public void collectDeviceInfo(Context ctx) {
		try {
			PackageManager pm = ctx.getPackageManager();
			PackageInfo pi = pm.getPackageInfo(ctx.getPackageName(),
					PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
			if (pi != null) {
				String versionName = pi.versionName == null ? "null"
						: pi.versionName;
				String versionCode = pi.versionCode + "";
				infos.put("versionName", versionName);
				infos.put("versionCode", versionCode);
			}
		} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
			Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect package info", e);
		}
		Field[] fields = Build.class.getDeclaredFields();
		for (Field field : fields) {
			try {
				field.setAccessible(true);
				infos.put(field.getName(), field.get(null).toString());
				Log.d(TAG, field.getName() + " : " + field.get(null));
			} catch (Exception e) {
				Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect crash info", e);
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 保存错误信息到文件中
	 * 
	 * @param ex
	 * @return 返回文件名称,便于将文件传送到服务器
	 */
	private String saveCrashInfo2File(Throwable ex) {

		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : infos.entrySet()) {
			String key = entry.getKey();
			String value = entry.getValue();
			sb.append(key + "=" + value + "\n");
		}

		Writer writer = new StringWriter();
		PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer);
		ex.printStackTrace(printWriter);
		Throwable cause = ex.getCause();
		while (cause != null) {
			cause.printStackTrace(printWriter);
			cause = cause.getCause();
		}
		printWriter.close();
		String result = writer.toString();
		sb.append(result);
		try {
			long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
			String time = formatter.format(new Date());
			String fileName = "crash-" + time + "-" + timestamp + ".log";
			if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(
					Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
				String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+"/crash/";
				File dir = new File(path);
				if (!dir.exists()) {
					dir.mkdirs();
				}
				FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path + fileName);
				fos.write(sb.toString().getBytes());
				fos.close();
			}
			return fileName;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			Log.e(TAG, "an error occured while writing file...", e);
		}
		return null;
	}
}

CrashApplication.java

public class CrashApplication extends Application {
	public static List<Activity> mylist = new ArrayList<Activity>();
	@Override
	public void onCreate() {
		super.onCreate();
		CrashHandler crashHandler = CrashHandler.getInstance();
		crashHandler.init(getApplicationContext());
	}
}

在MainActivity.java 中制造异常：

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	String s;
	
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		CrashApplication.mylist.add(this);
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		System.out.println(s.equals("any string")); 
	}
}

这样就能在
mnt/sdcard/crash目录下看到异常信息：

信息内容为：

java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.example.exceptionlog/com.example.exceptionlog.MainActivity}: java.lang.NullPointerException
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2180)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2230)
at android.app.ActivityThread.access$600(ActivityThread.java:141)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1234)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5041)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:793)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:560)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.example.exceptionlog.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:16)
at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5104)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1080)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2144)
... 11 more
java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.example.exceptionlog.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:16)
at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5104)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1080)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2144)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2230)
at android.app.ActivityThread.access$600(ActivityThread.java:141)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1234)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5041)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:793)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:560)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

这里不要忘记写入权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

项目中正常使用的实际案例，并且保存设备信息：

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.TimeZone;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;

/**
 * @author Admin
 * @Funtion 异常处理
 */
public class CrashHandler implements UncaughtExceptionHandler {

	private Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultHandler;
	private static CrashHandler instance ;
	private Context context;

	public static CrashHandler getInstance() {
		if(instance == null){
			instance = new CrashHandler();
		}
		return instance;
	}
	

	@Override
	public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {
		savaInfoToSD(context, ex);
		if (ex == null && mDefaultHandler != null) {
			mDefaultHandler.uncaughtException(thread, ex);
		} else {

			Intent intent = new Intent(context, ExceptionActivity.class);
			intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP
					| Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
			context.startActivity(intent);

			android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());
			System.exit(1);
		}
	}

	public void init(Context context) {
		this.context = context;
		if(mDefaultHandler == null){
//			mDefaultHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();
//			Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);
		}
		
	}

	/**
	 * 保存获取的 软件信息，设备信息和出错信息保存在SDcard中
	 * 
	 * @param context
	 * @param ex
	 * @return
	 */
	private String savaInfoToSD(Context context, Throwable ex) {
		String fileName = null;
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

		for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : obtainSimpleInfo(context)
				.entrySet()) {
			String key = entry.getKey();
			String value = entry.getValue();
			sb.append(key).append(" = ").append(value).append("\n");
		}

		sb.append(obtainExceptionInfo(ex));

		if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(
				Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
			String dirPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
					.getPath().toString()
					+ "/";
			File dir = new File(dirPath + "crashForDeveloper" + File.separator);
			if (!dir.exists()) {
				dir.mkdir();
			}
			
			File[] files = dir.listFiles();
			if(files.length > 20){
				// delete when record over 20
				for(int i=0;i<files.length;i++){
					files[i].delete();
				}
			}
			try {
				fileName = dir.toString() + File.separator
						+ paserTime(System.currentTimeMillis()) + ".log";
				FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(fileName);
				fos.write(sb.toString().getBytes());
				fos.flush();
				fos.close();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}

		}

		return fileName;
	}

	/**
	 * 获取一些简单的信息,软件版本，手机版本，型号等信息存放在HashMap中
	 * 
	 * @param context
	 * @return
	 */
	private HashMap<String, String> obtainSimpleInfo(Context context) {
		HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
		PackageManager mPackageManager = context.getPackageManager();
		PackageInfo mPackageInfo = null;
		try {
			mPackageInfo = mPackageManager.getPackageInfo(
					context.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
		} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		map.put("versionName", mPackageInfo.versionName);
		map.put("versionCode", "" + mPackageInfo.versionCode);

		map.put("MODEL", "" + Build.MODEL);
		map.put("SDK_INT", "" + Build.VERSION.SDK_INT);
		map.put("PRODUCT", "" + Build.PRODUCT);

		return map;
	}

	/**
	 * 将毫秒数转换成yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss的格式
	 * 
	 * @param milliseconds
	 * @return
	 */
	private String paserTime(long milliseconds) {
		System.setProperty("user.timezone", "Asia/Shanghai");
		TimeZone tz = TimeZone.getTimeZone("Asia/Shanghai");
		TimeZone.setDefault(tz);
		SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss");
		String times = format.format(new Date(milliseconds));

		return times;
	}

	/**
	 * 获取系统未捕捉的错误信息
	 * 
	 * @param throwable
	 * @return
	 */
	private String obtainExceptionInfo(Throwable throwable) {
		StringWriter mStringWriter = new StringWriter();
		PrintWriter mPrintWriter = new PrintWriter(mStringWriter);
		throwable.printStackTrace(mPrintWriter);
		mPrintWriter.close();
		// Log.e(TAG, mStringWriter.toString());
		return mStringWriter.toString();
	}
}