实例对象为工作人员和部门,关系为一个部门对应多个工作人员,一个工作人员只属于一个部门
见表语句如下:(先用Navicat建的表,然后导出的sql语句),数据库名称为test
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_department`;
CREATE TABLE `t_department` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
`departmentname` varchar(40) NOT NULL,
`departmentlocation` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_user`;
CREATE TABLE `t_user` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
`username` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`password` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`departmentid` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `departmentid` (`departmentid`),
CONSTRAINT `departmentid` FOREIGN KEY (`departmentid`) REFERENCES `t_department` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
2、使用MyEclipse反向工程生成配置文件和POJO类
第一步:配置数据源
1、打开MyEclipse,新建一个web工程,这里命名为hibernate_demo
2、打开数据库设置器:依次单击【window】-->【Show View】-->【Other…】如下图所示:
3、在弹出的窗口ShowView中选择DB Browser,如下图所示:
4、在DB Browser窗口中,选择显示的图标,单击右键执行新建命令,如下图示
5、弹出Database Driver对话框,在此会要求我们配置数据库的相关信息,具体设置如下图所示,设置完成,单击Finish.
【第二步】引入hibernate配置文件
1、添加hibernate包:
选中我们的Web工程,依次单击鼠标右键-->MyEclipse-->Add HibernateCapabilities… 如下图所示:
2、在弹出的窗口中做如下设置:
【Next】,创建hibernate的配置文件
【Next】,指明hibernate与数据库的连接
【Next】,创建HibernateSessionFactory类,用来获得session。如果前面没有设置包名,要先单击New创建新的包。
单击【Finish】按钮
接下来要给hibernate.cfg.xml文件添加属性:在properties处选择Add…,如下图所示:
单击【Add…】,在Hibernate Properties Wizard页面填入如下图所示信息,最后单击Ok。
show_sql:默认为false,如果为true,表示在程序运行时,会在控制台输出SQL语句,这有利于跟中Hibernate的运行状态。在开发和测试阶段,可以将该属性设置为true,以便跟踪、调试程序,在应用发布以后,应将该属性值设置为false,以减少应用的输出信息,提高运行性能。
【第三步】添加hibernate映射文件和POJO类
1、新建com.lqh.beans包
2、在前面设置的数据源上找到我们要操作的表:
在DB Browser中选中新建的数据源,单击鼠标右键并选择open connection..
输入数据库的用户名和密码,以创建连接:
找到刚才新建的test数据库,然后是TABLE,如下图所示:
生成POJO:
点击Next,配置映射类型(暂时未用到)
点击Next,配置反向工程细节
点击finish即可完成,生成的映射文件以及POJO类如下:
User.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!--
Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse Persistence Tools
-->
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.lqh.beans.User" table="t_user" catalog="test">
<id name="id" type="integer">
<column name="id" />
<generator class="native"></generator>
</id>
<many-to-one name="department" class="com.lqh.beans.Department" cascade="all" fetch="select">
<column name="departmentid" not-null="true" />
</many-to-one>
<property name="username" type="string">
<column name="username" length="20" not-null="true" />
</property>
<property name="password" type="string">
<column name="password" length="20" not-null="true" />
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Department.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!--
Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse Persistence Tools
-->
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.lqh.beans.Department" table="t_department" catalog="test">
<id name="id" type="integer">
<column name="id" />
<generator class="native"></generator>
</id>
<property name="departmentname" type="string">
<column name="departmentname" length="40" not-null="true" />
</property>
<property name="departmentlocation" type="string">
<column name="departmentlocation" length="100" not-null="true" />
</property>
<set name="users" inverse="true">
<key>
<column name="departmentid" not-null="true" />
</key>
<one-to-many class="com.lqh.beans.User" />
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
User.java
package com.lqh.beans;
/**
* User entity. @author MyEclipse Persistence Tools
*/
public class User implements java.io.Serializable {
// Fields
private Integer id;
private Department department;
private String username;
private String password;
// Constructors
/** default constructor */
public User() {
}
/** full constructor */
public User(Department department, String username, String password) {
this.department = department;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
// Property accessors
public Integer getId() {
return this.id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Department getDepartment() {
return this.department;
}
public void setDepartment(Department department) {
this.department = department;
}
public String getUsername() {
return this.username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return this.password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
Department.java
package com.lqh.beans;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* Department entity. @author MyEclipse Persistence Tools
*/
public class Department implements java.io.Serializable {
// Fields
private Integer id;
private String departmentname;
private String departmentlocation;
private Set users = new HashSet(0);
// Constructors
/** default constructor */
public Department() {
}
/** minimal constructor */
public Department(String departmentname, String departmentlocation) {
this.departmentname = departmentname;
this.departmentlocation = departmentlocation;
}
/** full constructor */
public Department(String departmentname, String departmentlocation,
Set users) {
this.departmentname = departmentname;
this.departmentlocation = departmentlocation;
this.users = users;
}
// Property accessors
public Integer getId() {
return this.id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getDepartmentname() {
return this.departmentname;
}
public void setDepartmentname(String departmentname) {
this.departmentname = departmentname;
}
public String getDepartmentlocation() {
return this.departmentlocation;
}
public void setDepartmentlocation(String departmentlocation) {
this.departmentlocation = departmentlocation;
}
public Set getUsers() {
return this.users;
}
public void setUsers(Set users) {
this.users = users;
}
}
编写测试类代码,如下:
package com.lqh.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.lqh.beans.Department;
import com.lqh.beans.User;
import com.lqh.utils.HibernateSessionFactory;
public class HibernateTest {
/**
* 测试保存部门
*/
@Test
public void testSaveDepartment() {
Department department = new Department();
department.setDepartmentlocation("清河小营东路");
department.setDepartmentname("北京信息科技");
Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
session.beginTransaction();
session.save(department);
session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();
}
/**
* 测试保存用户,该用户已存在对应Department
*/
@Test
public void testSavaUser() {
Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
session.beginTransaction();
Department department = (Department) session.load(Department.class, 1);
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("hehe");
user.setPassword("123455");
user.setDepartment(department);
session.save(user);
session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();
}
/**
* 测试保存用户,该用户对应的Department未存在数据库中
* 此处注意,要将User.hbm.xml中的cascade设为all
*/
@Test
public void testSaveUserAndDepartment() {
Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
session.beginTransaction();
Department department = new Department();
department.setDepartmentname("中央人民政府");
department.setDepartmentlocation("北京");
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("UserAndDepartment");
user.setPassword("123455");
user.setDepartment(department);
session.save(user);
session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();
}
}
此外,还可在POJO类上生成注解,只需在以下两步注意即可:
上面这步并不是必须,选在3.2版本以上,默认就支持注解。
其他部分相同即可