在编写第一个Hibernate例子之前先来准备Hibernate开发环境。在Eclipse中进行Hibernate开发我们可以添加
一个Hibernate Tools for Eclipse Plugins。Hibernate Tools是由JBoss推出的一个Eclipse综合开发工具插件,该插
件可以简化ORM框架Hibernate,以及JBoss Seam,EJB3等的开发。那么接下来就在Eclipse开发这款插件:
将下载好的hibernatetools-Update-4.1.2.Final.zip包解压,我们可以看下一目录:
再来看一下Eclipse的安装目录:
我们发现这两个都有相同的文件目录就是features和plugins,我们将hibernatetools-Update-4.1.2.Final下的
两个features和plugins下的所有文件都复制到eclipse下的两个同名的目录下,然后重启Eclipse。
点击File,选择New,选择Other,我们就会看到下面的关于Hibernate目录,那么安装成功了。
接下来我们编写第一个Hibernate例子:
创建一个Java工程,构建开发Hibernate开发的环境(导入相关jar包)
导入Hibernate核心jar包:hibernate-release-4.2.21.Final\lib\required
导入MySQL的JDBC驱动包:mysql-connector-java-5.1.22-bin.jar
导入Junit4的jar包:junit-4.10.jar
创建Hibernate的配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 连接数据库参数 -->
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">root</property>
<!-- MySQL数据库方言 -->
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<!-- 打印和格式化SQL语句 -->
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<!-- 自动将hbm映射文件生成ddl语句 -->
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
创建持久化类Students
package com.demo.domain;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* 学生实体类
* @author Administrator
* @date 2016年12月3日
*/
public class Students {
private int sid;
private String sname;
private String gender;
private Date birthday;
private String address;
public Students(){
}
public Students(int sid, String sname, String gender, Date birthday, String address) {
this.sid = sid;
this.sname = sname;
this.gender = gender;
this.birthday = birthday;
this.address = address;
}
public int getSid() {
return sid;
}
public void setSid(int sid) {
this.sid = sid;
}
public String getSname() {
return sname;
}
public void setSname(String sname) {
this.sname = sname;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Students [sid=" + sid + ", sname=" + sname + ", gender=" + gender + ", birthday=" + birthday
+ ", address=" + address + "]";
}
}
创建对象-关系映射文件Student.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.demo.domain.Students" table="students">
<id name="sid" type="int">
<generator class="assigned"/>
</id>
<property name="sname" type="java.lang.String"/>
<property name="gender" type="java.lang.String"/>
<property name="birthday" type="java.util.Date"/>
<property name="address" type="java.lang.String"/>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
然后在hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件加入对象关系映射文件地址:
<!-- 对象关系映射文件地址 -->
<mapping resource="com/demo/domain/Students.hbm.xml"/>
在MySQL数据库中创建数据库
create database demo charset utf8;
在写测试类之前,我们编写一个导出SQL语句的类ExportDB
package com.demo.domain;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;
/**
* 将hbm生成ddl
* @author Administrator
* @date 2016年12月4日
*/
public class ExportDB {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//默认读取hibernate.cfg.xml文件
Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
//将配置文件导成DDL语句
SchemaExport export = new SchemaExport(cfg);
//打印到控制台,写入到数据库
export.create(true, true);
}
}
控制台显示:
数据库显示:
通过Hibernate API编写访问数据的代码,创建测试类TestStudents
package com.demo.test;
import java.util.Date;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.demo.domain.Students;
public class TestStudents {
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
private Session session;
private Transaction transaction;
@Before
public void init() {
//创建配置对象
Configuration config =new Configuration().configure();
//创建服务注册对象
ServiceRegistry ServiceRegitry=new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
//创建会话工厂对象
sessionFactory =config.buildSessionFactory(ServiceRegitry);
//会话对象
session =sessionFactory.openSession();
//开启事务
transaction = session.beginTransaction();
}
@Test
public void testStudents()
{
Students s =new Students(1,"张三","男",new Date(),"天津");
session.save(s);//保存对象进入数据库
}
@After
public void destory(){
transaction.commit();//提交事务
session.close();//关闭会话
sessionFactory.close();//关闭会话工厂
}
}
控制台输出:
数据库显示:
那么第一个Hibernate例子就完成了。