写一个程序,定义抽象基类Shape,由它派生出3个派生类,Circle(圆形)、Rectangle(矩形)、Triangle(三角形)。用如下的mian()函数,求出定义的几个几何体的面积和。
int main()
{
Circle c1(12.6),c2(4.9); //建立Circle类对象c1,c2,参数为圆半径
Rectangle r1(4.5,8.4),r2(5.0,2.5); //建立Rectangle类对象r1,r2,参数为矩形长、宽
Triangle t1(4.5,8.4),t2(3.4,2.8); //建立Triangle类对象t1,t2,参数为三角形底边长与高
Shape *pt[6]={&c1,&c2,&r1,&r2,&t1,&t2}; //定义基类指针数组pt,各元素指向一个派生类对象
double areas=0.0; //areas为总面积
for(int i=0; i<6; i++)
{
areas=areas+pt[i]->area();
}
cout<<"totol of all areas="<<areas<<endl; //输出总面积
system("pause");
return 0;
}
解答:
#include <iostream>
#define PI 3.14159
using namespace std;
class Shape
{
public:
virtual double area() const = 0;
};
class Circle : public Shape
{
public:
Circle( float r ) : radius ( r ) {};
virtual double area() const;
private:
float radius;
};
double Circle::area() const
{
return PI * radius * radius;
}
class Rectangle : public Shape
{
public:
Rectangle ( float l, float w) : length ( l ), width ( w ) {};
virtual double area() const;
private:
float length;
float width;
};
double Rectangle::area() const
{
return length * width;
}
class Triangle : public Shape
{
public:
Triangle ( float b, float h ) : base(b), height(h) {};
virtual double area() const;
private:
float base;
float height;
};
double Triangle::area() const
{
return 1/2 * base * height;
}
int main()
{
Circle c1(12.6), c2(4.9); //建立Circle类对象c1,c2,参数为圆半径
Rectangle r1(4.5, 8.4), r2(5.0, 2.5); //建立Rectangle类对象r1,r2,参数为矩形长、宽
Triangle t1(4.5, 8.4), t2(3.4, 2.8); //建立Triangle类对象t1,t2,参数为三角形底边长与高
Shape *pt[6]={&c1, &c2, &r1, &r2, &t1, &t2}; //定义基类指针数组pt,各元素指向一个派生类对象
double areas = 0.0; //areas为总面积
for(int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
{
areas = areas + pt[i]->area();
}
cout << "totol of all areas=" << areas << endl; //输出总面积
system("pause");
return 0;
}
上机感言:尽管“形状”没有具体的面积,但他当上了圆、矩形的头。