介绍
在 Android 中使用各种控件(View)
- TextSwitcher -
文字转换器控件(改变文字时增加一些动画效果) - Gallery -
缩略图浏览器控件 - ImageSwitcher -
图片转换器控件(改变图片时增加一些动画效果) - GridView -
网格控件 - ListView -
列表控件 - ExpandableList -
支持展开/收缩功能的列表控件
1、TextSwitcher 的 Demo
textswitcher.xml
代码
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"
?>
< LinearLayout
xmlns:android
="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation
="vertical"
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
android:layout_height
="fill_parent"
>
<
Button
android:id
="@+id/btnChange"
android:layout_width
="wrap_content"
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
android:text
="改变文字"
/>
<!--
TextSwitcher - 文字转换器控件(改变文字时增加一些动画效果)
-->
<
TextSwitcher
android:id
="@+id/textSwitcher"
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
/>
</ LinearLayout >
< LinearLayout
</ LinearLayout >
_TextSwitcher.java
代码
package
com.webabcd.view;
import java.util.Random;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.animation.Animation;
import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextSwitcher;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.ViewSwitcher;
public
class
_TextSwitcher
extends
Activity
implements
ViewSwitcher.ViewFactory {
@Override
protected
void
onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//
TODO Auto-generated method stub
super
.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this
.setContentView(R.layout.textswithcer);
setTitle(
"
TextSwithcer
"
);
final
TextSwitcher switcher
=
(TextSwitcher) findViewById(R.id.textSwitcher);
//
指定转换器的 ViewSwitcher.ViewFactory
switcher.setFactory(
this
);
//
设置淡入和淡出的动画效果
Animation in
=
AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(
this
, android.R.anim.fade_in);
Animation out
=
AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(
this
, android.R.anim.fade_out);
switcher.setInAnimation(in);
switcher.setOutAnimation(out);
//
单击一次按钮改变一次文字
Button btnChange
=
(Button)
this
.findViewById(R.id.btnChange);
btnChange.setOnClickListener(
new
View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public
void
onClick(View v) {
switcher.setText(String.valueOf(
new
Random().nextInt()));
}
});
}
//
重写 ViewSwitcher.ViewFactory 的 makeView(),返回一个 View
@Override
public
View makeView() {
TextView textView
=
new
TextView(
this
);
textView.setTextSize(
36
);
return
textView;
}
}
import
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public
}
2、Gallery 的 Demo
gallery.xml
代码
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"
?>
< LinearLayout
xmlns:android
="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation
="vertical"
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
android:layout_height
="fill_parent"
>
<!--
Gallery - 缩略图浏览器控件
spacing - 缩略图列表中各个缩略图之间的间距
-->
<
Gallery
android:id
="@+id/gallery"
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
android:spacing
="20px"
/>
</ LinearLayout >
< LinearLayout
</ LinearLayout >
_Gallery.java
代码
package
com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.Gallery;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.Gallery.LayoutParams;
public
class
_Gallery
extends
Activity {
@Override
protected
void
onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//
TODO Auto-generated method stub
super
.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this
.setContentView(R.layout.gallery);
setTitle(
"
Gallery
"
);
Gallery gallery
=
(Gallery) findViewById(R.id.gallery);
//
为缩略图浏览器指定一个适配器
gallery.setAdapter(
new
ImageAdapter(
this
));
//
响应 在缩略图列表上选中某个缩略图后的 事件
gallery.setOnItemSelectedListene r(
new
AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener() {
@Override
public
void
onItemSelected(AdapterView
<?>
parent, View v,
int
position,
long
id) {
Toast.makeText(_Gallery.
this
, String.valueOf(position), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
@Override
public
void
onNothingSelected(AdapterView
<?>
arg0) {
}
});
}
//
继承 BaseAdapter 用以实现自定义的图片适配器
public
class
ImageAdapter
extends
BaseAdapter {
private
Context mContext;
public
ImageAdapter(Context context) {
mContext
=
context;
}
public
int
getCount() {
return
mThumbIds.length;
}
public
Object getItem(
int
position) {
return
position;
}
public
long
getItemId(
int
position) {
return
position;
}
public
View getView(
int
position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
ImageView image
=
new
ImageView(mContext);
image.setImageResource(mThumbIds[position]);
image.setAdjustViewBounds(
true
);
image.setLayoutParams(
new
Gallery.LayoutParams(
LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));
return
image;
}
}
//
需要显示的图片集合
private
Integer[] mThumbIds
=
{ R.drawable.icon01, R.drawable.icon02,
R.drawable.icon03, R.drawable.icon04, R.drawable.icon05 };
}
import
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3、ImageSwitcher 的 Demo
imageswitcher.xml
代码
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"
?>
< LinearLayout
xmlns:android
="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation
="vertical"
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
android:layout_height
="fill_parent"
>
<
Gallery
android:id
="@+id/gallery"
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
android:spacing
="20px"
/>
<!--
ImageSwitcher - 图片转换器控件(改变图片时增加一些动画效果)
-->
<
ImageSwitcher
android:id
="@+id/imageSwitcher"
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
/>
</ LinearLayout >
< LinearLayout
</ LinearLayout >
_ImageSwitcher.java
代码
package
com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.Gallery;
import android.widget.ImageSwitcher;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ViewSwitcher;
import android.widget.Gallery.LayoutParams;
// 图片转换器的使用基本同文字转换器
// 以下是一个用 ImageSwitcher + Gallery 实现的经典的图片浏览器的 Demo
public
class
_ImageSwitcher
extends
Activity
implements
ViewSwitcher.ViewFactory {
private
ImageSwitcher mSwitcher;
@Override
protected
void
onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//
TODO Auto-generated method stub
super
.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this
.setContentView(R.layout.imageswithcer);
setTitle(
"
ImageSwithcer
"
);
mSwitcher
=
(ImageSwitcher) findViewById(R.id.imageSwitcher);
mSwitcher.setFactory(
this
);
mSwitcher.setInAnimation(AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(
this
,
android.R.anim.fade_in));
mSwitcher.setOutAnimation(AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(
this
,
android.R.anim.fade_out));
Gallery gallery
=
(Gallery) findViewById(R.id.gallery);
gallery.setAdapter(
new
ImageAdapter(
this
));
gallery.setOnItemSelectedListene r(
new
AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener() {
@Override
public
void
onItemSelected(AdapterView
<?>
parent, View v,
int
position,
long
id) {
mSwitcher.setImageResource(mImageIds[position]);
}
@Override
public
void
onNothingSelected(AdapterView
<?>
arg0) {
}
});
}
public
class
ImageAdapter
extends
BaseAdapter {
private
Context mContext;
public
ImageAdapter(Context context) {
mContext
=
context;
}
public
int
getCount() {
return
mThumbIds.length;
}
public
Object getItem(
int
position) {
return
position;
}
public
long
getItemId(
int
position) {
return
position;
}
public
View getView(
int
position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
ImageView image
=
new
ImageView(mContext);
image.setImageResource(mThumbIds[position]);
image.setAdjustViewBounds(
true
);
image.setLayoutParams(
new
Gallery.LayoutParams(
LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));
return
image;
}
}
private
Integer[] mThumbIds
=
{ R.drawable.icon01, R.drawable.icon02,
R.drawable.icon03, R.drawable.icon04, R.drawable.icon05 };
private
Integer[] mImageIds
=
{ R.drawable.icon01, R.drawable.icon02,
R.drawable.icon03, R.drawable.icon04, R.drawable.icon05 };
@Override
public
View makeView() {
ImageView image
=
new
ImageView(
this
);
image.setMinimumHeight(
200
);
image.setMinimumWidth(
200
);
image.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_CENTER);
image.setLayoutParams(
new
ImageSwitcher.LayoutParams(
LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT));
return
image;
}
}
import
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import
//
//
public
}
4、GridView 的 Demo
gridview.xml
代码
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"
?>
<!--
GridView - 网格控件
numColumns="auto_fit" - 列数自适应
stretchMode - 缩放模式(stretchMode="columnWidth" - 缩放与列宽大小同步)
-->
< GridView
xmlns:android
="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id
="@+id/gridView"
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
android:layout_height
="fill_parent"
android:padding
="10px"
android:verticalSpacing
="10px"
android:horizontalSpacing
="10px"
android:numColumns
="auto_fit"
android:columnWidth
="60px"
android:stretchMode
="columnWidth"
android:gravity
="center"
>
</ GridView >
<!--
-->
< GridView
</ GridView >
_GridView.java
代码
package
com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.GridView;
import android.widget.ImageView;
public
class
_GridView
extends
Activity {
@Override
protected
void
onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//
TODO Auto-generated method stub
super
.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this
.setContentView(R.layout.gridview);
setTitle(
"
GridView
"
);
GridView gridView
=
(GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridView);
//
指定网格控件的适配器为自定义的图片适配器
gridView.setAdapter(
new
ImageAdapter(
this
));
}
//
自定义的图片适配器
public
class
ImageAdapter
extends
BaseAdapter {
private
Context mContext;
public
ImageAdapter(Context context) {
mContext
=
context;
}
public
int
getCount() {
return
mThumbIds.length;
}
public
Object getItem(
int
position) {
return
position;
}
public
long
getItemId(
int
position) {
return
position;
}
public
View getView(
int
position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
ImageView imageView;
if
(convertView
==
null
) {
imageView
=
new
ImageView(mContext);
imageView.setLayoutParams(
new
GridView.LayoutParams(
48
,
48
));
imageView.setAdjustViewBounds(
false
);
imageView.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.CENTER_CROP);
imageView.setPadding(
5
,
5
,
5
,
5
);
}
else
{
imageView
=
(ImageView) convertView;
}
imageView.setImageResource(mThumbIds[position]);
return
imageView;
}
//
网格控件所需图片数据的数据源
private
Integer[] mThumbIds
=
{ R.drawable.icon01, R.drawable.icon02,
R.drawable.icon03, R.drawable.icon04, R.drawable.icon05 };
}
}
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
public
}
5、ListView 的 Demo
main_list_adapter.xml
代码
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"
?>
<!--
自定义列表适配器的 layout
-->
< LinearLayout
xmlns:android
="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation
="horizontal"
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
android:layout_height
="fill_parent"
>
<
TextView
android:id
="@+id/text"
android:layout_width
="wrap_content"
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
android:textSize
="16sp"
>
</
TextView
>
</ LinearLayout >
<!--
-->
< LinearLayout
</ LinearLayout >
MainListAdapter.java
代码
package
com.webabcd.view;
import java.util.List;
import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;
// 继承 BaseAdapter 以实现自定义的列表适配器
public
class
MainListAdapter
extends
BaseAdapter {
private
LayoutInflater mInflater;
private
List
<
String
>
mData;
public
MainListAdapter(Context context, List
<
String
>
data) {
mInflater
=
LayoutInflater.from(context);
mData
=
data;
}
@Override
public
int
getCount() {
return
mData.size();
}
@Override
public
Object getItem(
int
position) {
return
mData.get(position);
}
@Override
public
long
getItemId(
int
position) {
return
position;
}
@Override
public
View getView(
int
position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
TextView text;
if
(convertView
==
null
) {
//
指定一个 layout 作为自定义列表适配器的 layout
convertView
=
mInflater.inflate(R.layout.main_list_adapter,
null
);
text
=
(TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.text);
convertView.setTag(text);
}
else
{
text
=
(TextView) convertView.getTag();
}
String mItem
=
mData.get(position);
text.setText(mItem);
return
convertView;
}
}
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
//
public
}
Main.java
代码
package
com.webabcd.view;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import android.app.ListActivity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ListView;
// 此处要继承 ListActivity ,用以实现 ListView 的功能
public
class
Main
extends
ListActivity {
private
List
<
String
>
mData;
@Override
public
void
onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super
.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setTheme(android.R.style.Theme_Light);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
mData
=
getData();
//
使用自定义的列表适配器来展现数据
MainListAdapter adapter
=
new
MainListAdapter(
this
, mData);
//
如需使用系统内置的列表适配器,则可以使用类似如下的方法
//
ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1, mData);
this
.setListAdapter(adapter);
}
//
ListView 的数据源
private
List
<
String
>
getData() {
List
<
String
>
items
=
new
ArrayList
<
String
>
();
items.add(
"
TextView
"
);
items.add(
"
Button
"
);
items.add(
"
ImageButton
"
);
items.add(
"
ImageView
"
);
items.add(
"
CheckBox
"
);
items.add(
"
RadioButton
"
);
items.add(
"
AnalogClock
"
);
items.add(
"
DigitalClock
"
);
items.add(
"
DatePicker
"
);
items.add(
"
TimePicker
"
);
items.add(
"
ToggleButton
"
);
items.add(
"
EditText
"
);
items.add(
"
ProgressBar
"
);
items.add(
"
SeekBar
"
);
items.add(
"
AutoCompleteTextView
"
);
items.add(
"
MultiAutoCompleteTextVie w
"
);
items.add(
"
ZoomControls
"
);
items.add(
"
Include
"
);
items.add(
"
VideoView
"
);
items.add(
"
WebView
"
);
items.add(
"
RatingBar
"
);
items.add(
"
Tab
"
);
items.add(
"
Spinner
"
);
items.add(
"
Chronometer
"
);
items.add(
"
ScrollView
"
);
items.add(
"
TextSwitcher
"
);
items.add(
"
ListView
"
);
items.add(
"
Gallery
"
);
items.add(
"
ImageSwitcher
"
);
items.add(
"
GridView
"
);
items.add(
"
ExpandableList
"
);
return
items;
}
//
ListView 中某项被选中后的逻辑
@Override
protected
void
onListItemClick(ListView l, View v,
int
position,
long
id) {
Intent intent
=
new
Intent();
intent.setClassName(
this
,
"
com.webabcd.view._
"
+
mData.get(position));
startActivityForResult(intent,
0
);
}
}
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
//
public
}
6、ExpandableList 的 Demo
_ExpandableList.java
代码
package
com.webabcd.view;
import android.app.ExpandableListActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo;
import android.widget.AbsListView;
import android.widget.BaseExpandableListAdapte r;
import android.widget.ExpandableListAdapter;
import android.widget.ExpandableListView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.ExpandableListView.ExpandableListContextMen uInfo;
// ExpandableList - 可展开/收缩列表
// 继承 ExpandableListActivity 以实现列表的可展开/收缩的功能
public
class
_ExpandableList
extends
ExpandableListActivity {
private
ExpandableListAdapter mAdapter;
@Override
protected
void
onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//
TODO Auto-generated method stub
super
.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setTitle(
"
ExpandableList
"
);
mAdapter
=
new
MyExpandableListAdapter();
setListAdapter(mAdapter);
registerForContextMenu(
this
.getExpandableListView());
}
//
为列表的每一项创建上下文菜单(即长按后呼出的菜单)
@Override
public
void
onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v,
ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
menu.setHeaderTitle(
"
ContextMenu
"
);
menu.add(
0
,
0
,
0
,
"
ContextMenu
"
);
}
//
单击上下文菜单后的逻辑
@Override
public
boolean
onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
ExpandableListContextMen uInfo info
=
(ExpandableListContextMen uInfo) item.getMenuInfo();
String title
=
((TextView) info.targetView).getText().toString();
int
type
=
ExpandableListView.getPackedPositionType(info.packedPosition);
if
(type
==
ExpandableListView.PACKED_POSITION_TYPE_CHILD) {
int
groupPos
=
ExpandableListView.getPackedPositionGroup(info.packedPosition);
int
childPos
=
ExpandableListView.getPackedPositionChild(info.packedPosition);
Toast.makeText(
this
, title
+
"
- Group Index:
"
+
groupPos
+
"
Child Index:
"
+
childPos, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return
true
;
}
else
if
(type
==
ExpandableListView.PACKED_POSITION_TYPE_GROUP) {
int
groupPos
=
ExpandableListView.getPackedPositionGroup(info.packedPosition);
Toast.makeText(
this
, title
+
"
- Group Index:
"
+
groupPos, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return
true
;
}
return
false
;
}
public
class
MyExpandableListAdapter
extends
BaseExpandableListAdapte r {
//
父列表数据
private
String[] groups
=
{
"
group1
"
,
"
group2
"
,
"
group3
"
,
"
group4
"
};
//
子列表数据
private
String[][] children
=
{
{
"
child1
"
},
{
"
child1
"
,
"
child2
"
},
{
"
child1
"
,
"
child2
"
,
"
child3
"
},
{
"
child1
"
,
"
child2
"
,
"
child3
"
,
"
child4
"
}
};
@Override
public
Object getChild(
int
groupPosition,
int
childPosition) {
return
children[groupPosition][childPosition];
}
@Override
public
long
getChildId(
int
groupPosition,
int
childPosition) {
return
childPosition;
}
@Override
public
int
getChildrenCount(
int
groupPosition) {
return
children[groupPosition].length;
}
//
取子列表中的某一项的 View
@Override
public
View getChildView(
int
groupPosition,
int
childPosition,
boolean
isLastChild, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
TextView textView
=
getGenericView();
textView.setText(getChild(groupPosition, childPosition).toString());
return
textView;
}
@Override
public
Object getGroup(
int
groupPosition) {
return
groups[groupPosition];
}
@Override
public
int
getGroupCount() {
return
groups.length;
}
@Override
public
long
getGroupId(
int
groupPosition) {
return
groupPosition;
}
//
取父列表中的某一项的 View
@Override
public
View getGroupView(
int
groupPosition,
boolean
isExpanded,
View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
TextView textView
=
getGenericView();
textView.setText(getGroup(groupPosition).toString());
return
textView;
}
@Override
public
boolean
hasStableIds() {
return
true
;
}
@Override
public
boolean
isChildSelectable(
int
groupPosition,
int
childPosition) {
return
true
;
}
//
获取某一项的 View 的逻辑
private
TextView getGenericView() {
AbsListView.LayoutParams lp
=
new
AbsListView.LayoutParams(
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT,
48
);
TextView textView
=
new
TextView(_ExpandableList.
this
);
textView.setLayoutParams(lp);
textView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL
|
Gravity.LEFT);
textView.setPadding(
32
,
0
,
0
,
0
);
return
textView;
}
}
}
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
import
//
//
public
}