除了使用标准的转换器之外,还可以自行定义转换器,可以制作javax.faces.convert.Comverter接口,这里介绍两个制作方法:
public Object getAsObject(FacesContext context,
UIComponent component,
String str);
public String getAsString(FacesContext context,
UIComponent component,
Object obj);
简单的说,第一个方法会接收从客户端经过HTTP传来的字符串信息,在第一个方法
中将要转换的内容转换成自定义的组件,这个自定义组件将会自动设定给你指定的Bean组件;第二个方法就是将从你的Bean组件得到组件的转换字符串,如此才能由HTTP传回
给客户端。
直接以一个简单的例子来说明。假设你有一个User类:
User.java
User.java
package onlyfun.caterpillar;
public class User {
private String firstName;
private String lastName;
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
}
这个User类时我们转换器的目标组件,我们也有一个GuestBean类:
GuestBean.java
package onlyfun.caterpillar;
public class GuestBean {
private User user;
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
}
这个Bean上的属性直接传回或接受User类型的参数,我们作一个简单的转换器,为HTTP字符串与User组件进行转换:
UserConverter.java
package onlyfun.caterpillar;
import javax.faces.component.UIComponent;
import javax.faces.context.FacesContext;
import javax.faces.convert.Converter;
import javax.faces.convert.ConverterException;
//转换器需要实现(继承) javax.faces.convert.Converter
public class UserConverter implements Converter {
public Object getAsObject(FacesContext context,
UIComponent component,
String str)
throws ConverterException {
String[] strs = str.split(",");
User user = new User();
try {
user.setFirstName(strs[0]);
user.setLastName(strs[1]);
}
catch(Exception e) {
// 转换错误,简单的抛出异常
throw new ConverterException();
}
return user;
}
public String getAsString(FacesContext context,
UIComponent component,
Object obj)
throws ConverterException {
String firstName = ((User) obj).getFirstName();
String lastName = ((User) obj).getLastName();
return firstName + "," + lastName;
}
}
完成了转换器的制作,我们需要告诉JSF有这个事件,这是在faces-config.xml中完成注册:
faces-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE faces-config PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD JavaServer Faces Config 1.0//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-facesconfig_1_0.dtd">
<faces-config>
<navigation-rule>
<from-view-id>/*</from-view-id>
<navigation-case>
<from-outcome>show</from-outcome>
<to-view-id>/pages/index.jsp</to-view-id>
</navigation-case>
</navigation-rule>
<converter>
<converter-id>onlyfun.caterpillar.User</converter-id>
<converter-class>
onlyfun.caterpillar.UserConverter
</converter-class>
</converter>
<managed-bean>
<managed-bean-name>guest</managed-bean-name>
<managed-bean-class>
onlyfun.caterpillar.GuestBean
</managed-bean-class>
<managed-bean-scope>session</managed-bean-scope>
</managed-bean>
</faces-config>
注册转换器时,需要提供转换器识别(Converter
ID)与转换器类,接下来要在JSF页面中使用转换器的话,就是指定所要使用的转换器标识,例如:
index.jsp
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" prefix="f" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" prefix="h" %>
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=Big5"%>
<f:view>
<html>
<head>
<title>自定义转换器</title>
</head>
<body>
Guest名称是:<b>
<h:outputText value="#{guest.user}"
converter="onlyfun.caterpillar.User"/>
</b>
<h:form>
<h:inputText id="userField"
value="#{guest.user}"
converter="onlyfun.caterpillar.User"/>
<h:message for="userField" style="color:red"/>
<br>
<h:commandButton value="送出" action="show"/>
</h:form>
</body>
</html>
</f:view>
您也可以使用<f:converter>标签并使用converterId属性来指定转换器,例如:
<h:inputText id="userField" value="#{guest.user}">
<f:converter converterId="onlyfun.caterpillar.User"/>
</h:inputText>
除了向JSF注册转换器之外,还有一个方式可以不用注册,就是直接在Bean上提供一个取得转换器的方法,例如:
GuestBean.java
package onlyfun.caterpillar;
import javax.faces.convert.Converter;
public class GuestBean {
private User user;
private Converter converter = new UserConverter();
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public Converter getConverter() {
return converter;
}
}
之后可以直接结合JSF Expression
Language来指定转换器:
<h:inputText id="userField"
value="#{guest.user}"
converter="#{guest.converter}"/>
转载自网络