linux编程中printf显示不加换行的缓冲问题

在学习调试linux的线程测试程序时，发现了一个加换行会实时显示，不加换行则会卡主最后一起显示的情况。一个线程打印1一个线程打印2，间隔着打印

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>

void *thread_function(void *arg);
int run_now = 1;
char message[] = "Hello World";

int main() {
    int res;
    pthread_t a_thread;
    void *thread_result;
    int print_count1 = 0;

    res = pthread_create(&a_thread, NULL, thread_function, (void *)message);
    if (res != 0) {
        perror("Thread creation failed");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    while(print_count1++ < 20) 
    {
        if (run_now == 1) 
        {
            printf("1");
            run_now = 2;
        }
        else {
            sleep(1);
        }
    }

    printf("\nWaiting for thread to finish...\n");
    res &