Android中基于HTTP通信技术之有道翻译API使用

刚学到网络通信，使用HTTP 的get方法做了个翻译的功能。初学者，自己记录下，自娱自乐。

一、到有道翻译申请个key，以便使用它提供的API来获取翻译结果。

申请地址：点击打开链接

这是我申请的，直接用我的也可以："http://fanyi.youdao.com/openapi.do?keyfrom=testHttpGet2015&key=118817694&type=data&doctype=xml&version=1.1&q=good"

二、代码编写

1、布局如下：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/etWords"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="请输入要翻译的内容" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnTranslation"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="翻译" />
    <TextView
        android:text="结果如下："
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <ScrollView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tvResult"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="" />
    </ScrollView>

</LinearLayout>

2、Manifest中添加INTERNET权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

3、java代码

尝试以下几种通信方式：

（1）使用http的get方法

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private TextView tv;
    private EditText et;
    public static final String FULL_URL = "http://fanyi.youdao.com/openapi.do?keyfrom=testHttpGet2015&key=118817694&type=data&doctype=xml&version=1.1&q=";
    
    private List<String> textList = new ArrayList<>();
    
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvResult);
        et = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etWords);
        findViewById(R.id.btnTranslation).setOnClickListener(clickListener);
    }

    private View.OnClickListener clickListener = new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            textList.clear();
            tv.setText("");
            readYoudaoResult(FULL_URL + et.getText().toString());
        }
    };

    private void readYoudaoResult(String fullUrl) {
        new AsyncTask<String, Void, String>() {
            @Override
            protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
                try {
                    URL url = new URL(params[0]);
                    URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();
                    InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
                    DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
                    DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
                    Document document = builder.parse(is);
                    Element element = document.getDocumentElement();
                    //基本解释
                    Node translation = element.getElementsByTagName("translation").item(0);
                    if (translation != null) {
                        textList.add(translation.getTextContent() + "\n");
                    }                    
                    //发音及翻译
                    Node ukPhonetic = element.getElementsByTagName("uk-phonetic").item(0);
                    if (ukPhonetic != null) {
                        textList.add("英式发音： [" + ukPhonetic.getTextContent() + "]\n");
                    }
                   Node usPhonetic = element.getElementsByTagName("us-phonetic").item(0);
                    if (usPhonetic != null) {
                        textList.add("美式发音： [" + usPhonetic.getTextContent() + "]\n");
                    }
                   Node explains = element.getElementsByTagName("explains").item(0);
                    if (explains != null) {
                        textList.add("基本释义：" + explains.getTextContent());
                    }
                    
                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (SAXException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                return null;
            }

            @Override
            protected void onPostExecute(String s) {
                for (String children : textList) {                    
                    tv.append(children);
                }
                super.onPostExecute(s);
            }
        }.execute(fullUrl);
    }
}

（2）使用http的post方法

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private TextView tv;
    private EditText et;
    public static final String TRANSLATE_URL = "http://fanyi.youdao.com/openapi.do";
    public static final String TRANSLATE_ENTITY = "keyfrom=testHttpGet2015&key=118817694&type=data&doctype=xml&version=1.1&q=";

    private List<String> textList = new ArrayList<>();
    
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvResult);
        et = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etWords);
        findViewById(R.id.btnTranslation).setOnClickListener(clickListener);
    }

    private View.OnClickListener clickListener = new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            textList.clear();
            tv.setText("");
            readYoudaoResult(TRANSLATE_URL, TRANSLATE_ENTITY + et.getText().toString());
        }
    };

    private void readYoudaoResult(String translateUrl, String translateEntity) {
        new AsyncTask<String, Void, String>() {
            @Override
            protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
                try {
                    URL url = new URL(params[0]);
                    HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                    connection.setDoInput(true);
                    connection.setDoOutput(true);
                    connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
                    OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(connection.getOutputStream(), "utf-8");
                    BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(osw);
                    bw.write(params[1]);
                    bw.flush();
                    bw.close();
                    osw.close();

                    InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
                    DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
                    DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
                    Document document = builder.parse(is);
                    is.close();
                    Element element = document.getDocumentElement();
                    //基本解释
                    Node translation = element.getElementsByTagName("translation").item(0);
                    if (translation != null) {
                        textList.add(translation.getTextContent() + "\n");
                    }                    
                    //发音及翻译
                    Node ukPhonetic = element.getElementsByTagName("uk-phonetic").item(0);
                    if (ukPhonetic != null) {
                        textList.add("英式发音： [" + ukPhonetic.getTextContent() + "]\n");
                    }
                   Node usPhonetic = element.getElementsByTagName("us-phonetic").item(0);
                    if (usPhonetic != null) {
                        textList.add("美式发音： [" + usPhonetic.getTextContent() + "]\n");
                    }
                   Node explains = element.getElementsByTagName("explains").item(0);
                    if (explains != null) {
                        textList.add("基本释义：" + explains.getTextContent());
                    }
                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (SAXException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                return null;
            }

            @Override
            protected void onPostExecute(String s) {
                for (String children : textList) {                    
                    tv.append(children);
                }
                super.onPostExecute(s);
            }
        }.execute(translateUrl, translateEntity);
    }
}

（3）使用httpClient的get方法

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private TextView tv;
    private EditText et;
    public static final String FULL_URL = "http://fanyi.youdao.com/openapi.do?keyfrom=testHttpGet2015&key=118817694&type=data&doctype=xml&version=1.1&q=";
    
    private List<String> textList = new ArrayList<>();
    
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvResult);
        et = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etWords);
        findViewById(R.id.btnTranslation).setOnClickListener(clickListener);
    }

    private View.OnClickListener clickListener = new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            textList.clear();
            tv.setText("");
            readYoudaoResult(FULL_URL + et.getText().toString());
        }
    };

    private void readYoudaoResult(String fullUrl) {
        new AsyncTask<String, Void, String>() {
            @Override
            protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
                try {
                    String stringURL = params[0];
                    HttpGet get = new HttpGet(stringURL);
                    HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
                    String buffer = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
                    InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(buffer.getBytes("utf-8"));
                    DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
                    DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
                    Document document = builder.parse(is);
                    Element element = document.getDocumentElement();
                    //基本解释
                    Node translation = element.getElementsByTagName("translation").item(0);
                    if (translation != null) {
                        textList.add(translation.getTextContent() + "\n");
                    }                    
                    //发音及翻译
                    Node ukPhonetic = element.getElementsByTagName("uk-phonetic").item(0);
                    if (ukPhonetic != null) {
                        textList.add("英式发音： [" + ukPhonetic.getTextContent() + "]\n");
                    }
                   Node usPhonetic = element.getElementsByTagName("us-phonetic").item(0);
                    if (usPhonetic != null) {
                        textList.add("美式发音： [" + usPhonetic.getTextContent() + "]\n");
                    }
                   Node explains = element.getElementsByTagName("explains").item(0);
                    if (explains != null) {
                        textList.add("基本释义：" + explains.getTextContent());
                    }
                    
                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (SAXException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                return null;
            }

            @Override
            protected void onPostExecute(String s) {
                for (String children : textList) {                    
                    tv.append(children);
                }
                super.onPostExecute(s);
            }
        }.execute(fullUrl);
    }
}

（4）使用httpClient的post方法

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private TextView tv;
    private EditText et;
    public static final String TRANSLATE_URL = "http://fanyi.youdao.com/openapi.do";
    public static final String KEY_FROM = "keyfrom";
    public static final String KEY_FROM_VALUE = "testHttpGet2015";
    public static final String KEY = "key";
    public static final String KEY_VALUE = "118817694";    
    public static final String TYPE = "type";
    public static final String TYPE_VALUE = "data";
    public static final String DOC_TYPE = "doctype";
    public static final String DOC_TYPE_VALUE = "xml";
    public static final String VERSION = "version";
    public static final String VERSION_VALUE = "1.1";
    public static final String TRANSLATE_TEXT = "q";
    private List<String> textList = new ArrayList<>();
    private HttpClient client;
    
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvResult);
        et = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etWords);
        client = new DefaultHttpClient();
        findViewById(R.id.btnTranslation).setOnClickListener(clickListener);
    }

    private View.OnClickListener clickListener = new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            textList.clear();
            tv.setText("");
            readYoudaoResult(TRANSLATE_URL, et.getText().toString());
        }
    };

    private void readYoudaoResult(String translateUrl, String translateEntity) {
        new AsyncTask<String, Void, String>() {
            @Override
            protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
                try {

                    String stringURL = params[0];
                    HttpPost post = new HttpPost(stringURL);
                    List<BasicNameValuePair> list = new ArrayList<BasicNameValuePair>();
                    list.add(new BasicNameValuePair(KEY_FROM, KEY_FROM_VALUE));
                    list.add(new BasicNameValuePair(KEY, KEY_VALUE));
                    list.add(new BasicNameValuePair(TYPE, TYPE_VALUE));
                    list.add(new BasicNameValuePair(DOC_TYPE, DOC_TYPE_VALUE));
                    list.add(new BasicNameValuePair(VERSION, VERSION_VALUE));
                    list.add(new BasicNameValuePair(TRANSLATE_TEXT, params[1]));
                    post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list));
                    HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
                    String buffer = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
                    InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(buffer.getBytes("utf-8"));

                    DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
                    DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
                    Document document = builder.parse(is);
                    is.close();
                    Element element = document.getDocumentElement();
                    //基本解释
                    Node translation = element.getElementsByTagName("translation").item(0);
                    if (translation != null) {
                        textList.add(translation.getTextContent() + "\n");
                    }
                    //发音及翻译
                    Node ukPhonetic = element.getElementsByTagName("uk-phonetic").item(0);
                    if (ukPhonetic != null) {
                        textList.add("英式发音： [" + ukPhonetic.getTextContent() + "]\n");
                    }
                    Node usPhonetic = element.getElementsByTagName("us-phonetic").item(0);
                    if (usPhonetic != null) {
                        textList.add("美式发音： [" + usPhonetic.getTextContent() + "]\n");
                    }
                    Node explains = element.getElementsByTagName("explains").item(0);
                    if (explains != null) {
                        textList.add("基本释义：" + explains.getTextContent());
                    }
                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (SAXException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                return null;
            }

            @Override
            protected void onPostExecute(String s) {
                for (String children : textList) {                    
                    tv.append(children);
                }
                super.onPostExecute(s);
            }
        }.execute(translateUrl, translateEntity);
    }
}

4、运行结果截图