windows如何使用ssh登录ubuntu

1.ssh的安装
gavin@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install ssh

2.生成密钥

gavin@ubuntu:~$ ssh-keygen

Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/gavin/.ssh/id_rsa):
         Created directory '/home/gavin/.ssh'.
         Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
                 Enter same passphrase again:
                 Passphrases do not match.  Try again.
                 Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
                         Enter same passphrase again:
                         Your identification has been saved in /home/gavin/.ssh/id_rsa.
                         Your public key has been saved in /home/gavin/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
                         The key fingerprint is:
                         7f:47:de:fd:11:74:af:5c:89:a4:58:48:5d:c0:21:6a gavin@ubuntu
                         The key's randomart image is:
                         +--[ RSA 2048]----+
                         |         ooo+.   |
                         |        o oo     |
                         |       E . . . ..|
                         |      .   o o o +|
                         |        S. . ..oo|
                         |         .   + +o|
                         |          . . =.o|
                         |           . .  o|
                         |                .|
                         +-----------------+

上述过程会提示输入ssh的登录密码，默认密钥的位置在~/.ssh目录中，这里将公钥改名为authorized_keys

gavin@ubuntu:~/cd .ssh
gavin@ubuntu:~/.ssh$ mv id_rsa.pub authorized_keys

3.修改配置文件，/etc/ssh/sshd_config

 gavin@ubuntu:~/.ssh$ sudo vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
......
# AuthorizedKeysFile  %h/.ssh/authorized_keys
.....

这里将AuthorizedKeysFile前的#号去掉即可


4.到windows平台，启动Puttygen，导入先前生成的私钥id_rsa,转换成putty所识别的格式(*.ppk),得到文件id_rsa.ppk.

5.windows上启动putty，进行如下配置
Session-Logging-Hostname:填上你的linux的ip
Windows －Translation － 在下拉菜单里选上UTF－8，这里不设置，登录后将会出现中文乱码。
Connection- Data - Auto login username:填上你登录ubuntu时用的用户名。
Connection- SSH-Auth-Private key file for authentication:选上id_rsa.ppk
保存Session配置

6.打开刚刚配置的ssh,成功登录

Using username "gavin".
Authenticating with public key "imported-openssh-key"
Passphrase for key "imported-openssh-key":
Linux ubuntu 2.6.32-21-generic #32-Ubuntu SMP Fri Apr 16 08:10:02 UTC 2010 i686 GNU/Linux
Ubuntu 10.04 LTS

Welcome to Ubuntu!
 * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com/
409 packages can be updated.
171 updates are security updates.

Last login: Wed Jul  6 06:05:40 2011 from 192.168.27.112
gavin@ubuntu:~$

7.其它事项
git带有puttygen工具
密钥的生成也可以直接使用puttygen
也可以不使用密钥机制，这样可以直接使用linux的用户名及密码登录