linux新的API signalfd、timerfd、eventfd使用说明——timerfd

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-23 09:43:14 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-01-23 09:43:14 发布

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分类专栏： linux库函数文章标签： linux Linux LINUX timer Timer

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/gdutliuyun827/article/details/8470777

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看一下timerfd的例子，上代码：

#include <sys/timerfd.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>        /* Definition of uint64_t */

#define handle_error(msg) \
	   do { perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while (0)

void printTime()
{  
	struct timeval tv;  
	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);  
	printf("printTime:  current time:%ld.%ld ", tv.tv_sec, tv.tv_usec);
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
   struct timespec now;
   if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &now) == -1)
	   handle_error("clock_gettime");

   struct itimerspec new_value;
   new_value.it_value.tv_sec = now.tv_sec + atoi(argv[1]);
   new_value.it_value.tv_nsec = now.tv_nsec;
   new_value.it_interval.tv_sec = atoi(argv[2]);
   new_value.it_interval.tv_nsec = 0;

   int fd = timerfd_create(CLOCK_REALTIME, 0);
   if (fd == -1)
	   handle_error("timerfd_create");

   if (timerfd_settime(fd, TFD_TIMER_ABSTIME, &new_value, NULL) == -1)
	   handle_error("timerfd_settime");

   printTime();
   printf("timer started\n");
   
   for (uint64_t tot_exp = 0; tot_exp < atoi(argv[3]);) 
   {
       uint64_t exp;
	   ssize_t s = read(fd, &exp, sizeof(uint64_t));
	   if (s != sizeof(uint64_t))
		   handle_error("read");

	   tot_exp += exp;
	   printTime();
	   printf("read: %llu; total=%llu\n",exp, tot_exp);
   }

   exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

相关结构体如下：

struct timespec {
   time_t tv_sec;                /* Seconds */
   long   tv_nsec;               /* Nanoseconds */
};

struct itimerspec {
   struct timespec it_interval;  /* Interval for periodic timer */
   struct timespec it_value;     /* Initial expiration */
};

代码L25-L29：初始化定时器的参数，初始间隔与定时间隔。

L32：创建定时器fd，CLOCK_REALTIME：真实时间类型，修改时钟会影响定时器；CLOCK_MONOTONIC：相对时间类型，修改时钟不影响定时器。

L35：设置定时器的值。

L44：阻塞等待定时器到期。返回值是未处理的到期次数。比如定时间隔为2秒，但过了10秒才去读取，则读取的值是5。

编译运行：编译时要加rt库(g++ -lrt timerfd.cc -o timerfd)

[root@localhost appTest]# ./timerfd 5 2 10
printTime: current time:1357391736.146196 timer started
printTime: current time:1357391741.153430 read: 1; total=1
printTime: current time:1357391743.146550 read: 1; total=2
printTime: current time:1357391745.151483 read: 1; total=3
printTime: current time:1357391747.161155 read: 1; total=4
printTime: current time:1357391749.153934 read: 1; total=5
printTime: current time:1357391751.157309 read: 1; total=6
printTime: current time:1357391753.158384 read: 1; total=7
printTime: current time:1357391755.150470 read: 1; total=8
printTime: current time:1357391757.150253 read: 1; total=9
printTime: current time:1357391759.149954 read: 1; total=10
[root@localhost appTest]#

第一个参数5为第一次定时器到期间隔，第二个参数2为定时器的间隔，第三个参数为定时器到期10次则退出。程序运行(5+2*10)S退出。

详细信息可以：man timerfd_create