关于MySql字符集的问题

1.查看默认字符集(默认情况下，mysql的字符集是latin1(ISO_8859_1)通常，查看系统的字符集和排序方式的设定可以通过下面的两条命令：
     mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
+--------------------------+---------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                           |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | latin1                          |
| character_set_connection | latin1                          |
| character_set_database   | latin1                          |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                          |
| character_set_results    | latin1                          |
| character_set_server     | latin1                          |
| character_set_system     | utf8                            |
| character_sets_dir       | D:"mysql-5.0.37"share"charsets" |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------+

  mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation_%';
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name        | Value           |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database   | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server     | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+

2.修改默认字符集
  (1) 最简单的修改方法，就是修改mysql的my.ini文件中的字符集键值，
如    default-character-set = utf8
      character_set_server =  utf8
   修改完后，重启mysql的服务，service mysql restart
   使用 mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';查看，发现数据库编码均已改成utf8
+--------------------------+---------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                           |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                            |
| character_set_connection | utf8                            |
| character_set_database   | utf8                            |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                          |
| character_set_results    | utf8                            |
| character_set_server     | utf8                            |
| character_set_system     | utf8                            |
| character_sets_dir       | D:"mysql-5.0.37"share"charsets" |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------+

   (2) 还有一种修改字符集的方法，就是使用mysql的命令
     mysql> SET character_set_client = utf8 ;
     mysql> SET character_set_connection = utf8 ;
     mysql> SET character_set_database = utf8 ;
     mysql> SET character_set_results = utf8 ;
     mysql> SET character_set_server = utf8 ;

     mysql> SET collation_connection = utf8 ;
     mysql> SET collation_database = utf8 ;
     mysql> SET collation_server = utf8 ;

一般就算设置了表的默认字符集为utf8并且通过UTF-8编码发送查询，你会发现存入数据库的仍然是乱码。问题就出在这个connection连接层上。解决方法是在发送查询前执行一下下面这句：

SET NAMES 'utf8';

它相当于下面的三句指令：
SET character_set_client = utf8;
SET character_set_results = utf8;
SET character_set_connection = utf8;