ruby on rails 【语法大全2】

rake 系列命令

最熟悉的就是 rake db:create/migrate 对数据库的操作，

也许这些也很少用的：

• rake -T 列出所有rake命令
• rake -T plugin 列出所有有关plugin的rake命令
• rake db:migrate version=0 清除数据库数据和结构

1.1 创建一个Rails应用程序

$ rails new  app_name

可选项:

• -d, database=xxx 指定安装一个数据库(mysql oracle postgresql sqlite2 sqlite3 ), 默认情况下是数据库
• -r, ruby-path= 指定Ruby的安装路径,如果没有指定，scripts使用env去找Ruby
• -f, freeze (冻结)freezes Rails在vendor/rails目录

1.2 API Documentation

$ gem_server

启动一个WEBrick服务器。这时候你可以通过Http://localhost:8808/ 打开浏览器去查看rails API文档

1.3 Rake

rake db:fixtures:load

# 载入fixtures到当前环境的数据库

# 载入指定的fixtures使用FIXTURES=x,y

rake db:migrate

# 迁移数据库通过在db/migrate目录下的脚本.可以指定版本号通过VERSION=x

rake db:schema:dump

# 创建一个db/schema.rb文件，通过AR能过够支持任何数据库去使用

rake db:schema:load

# 再入一个schema.rb文件进数据库

rake db:sessions:clear

# 清空sessions表

rake db:sessions:create

# 用CGI::Session::ActiveRecordStore创建一个sessions表为用户

rake db:structure:dump

# 导出数据库结构为一个SQL文件

rake db:test:clone

# 重新创建一个测试数据库从当前环境数据库中

rake db:test:clone_structure

# 重新创建测试数据库从开发模式数据库

rake db:test:prepare

# 准备测试数据库并在入schema

rake db:test:purge

# 清空测试数据库

rake doc:app

# 创建HTML文件的API Documentation

rake doc:clobber_app

# 删除Documentation

rake doc:clobber_plugins

# 删除 plugin Documentation

rake doc:clobber_rails

# 删除Documentation

rake doc:plugins

# 产生Documation为所有安装的plugins

rake doc:rails

# 创建HTML文件的API Documentation

rake doc:reapp

# 强制重新创建HTML文件的API Documentation

rake doc:rerails

# 强制重新创建HTML文件的API Documentation

rake log:clear

# 清空目录log/下的所有日志文件

rake rails:freeze:edge

# Lock this application to latest Edge Rails. Lock a specific revision with REVISION=X

rake rails:freeze:gems

# Lock this application to the current gems (by unpacking them into vendor/rails)

rake rails:unfreeze

# Unlock this application from freeze of gems or edge and return to a fluid use of system gems

rake rails:update

# Update both scripts and public/javascripts from Rails

rake rails:update:javascripts

# Update your javascripts from your current rails install

rake rails:update:scripts

# Add new scripts to the application script/ directory

rake stats

# Report code statistics (KLOCs, etc) from the application

rake test

# Test all units and functionals

rake test:functionals

# Run tests for functionalsdb:test:prepare

rake test:integration

# Run tests for integrationdb:test:prepare

rake test:plugins

# Run tests for pluginsenvironment

rake test:recent

# Run tests for recentdb:test:prepare

rake test:uncommitted

# Run tests for uncommitteddb:test:prepare

rake test:units

# Run tests for unitsdb:test:prepare

rake tmp:cache:clear

# 清空tmp/cache目录下的所有文件

rake tmp:clear

# 清空session, cache, 和socket文件从tmp/目录

rake tmp:create

# 为sessions, cache, and sockets创建tmp/目录

rake tmp:sessions:clear

# 清空所有在tmp/sessions目录下的文件

rake tmp:sockets:clear

# 清空所有在tmp/sessions 目录下的ruby_sess.* 文件

1.4 Scripts

script/about

# 输出当前环境信息

script/breakpointer

# 启动断点server

script/console

# 启动交换式的Rails控制台

script/destroy

# 删除通过generators创建的文件

script/generate

# -> generators

script/plugin

# -> Plugins

script/runner

# 执行一个任务在rails上下文中

script/server

# 启动开发模式服务器http://localhost:3000

//以下几个不知道怎么去使用

script/performance/profiler

script/performance/benchmarker

script/process/reaper

script/process/spawner

1.5 Generators

ruby script/generate model ModelName

ruby script/generate controller ListController show edit

ruby script/generate scaffold ModelName ControllerName

ruby script/generate migration AddNewTable

ruby script/generate plugin PluginName

ruby script/generate mailer Notification lost_password signup

ruby script/generate web_service ServiceName api_one api_two

ruby script/generate integration_test TestName

ruby script/generate session_migration

可选项:

-p, --pretend Run but do not make any changes.

-f, --force Overwrite files that already exist.

-s, --skip Skip files that already exist.

-q, --quiet Suppress normal output.

-t, --backtrace Debugging: show backtrace on errors.

-h, --help Show this help message.

-c, --svn Modify files with subversion. (Note: svn must be in path)

1.6 Plugins

script/plugin discover

# discover plugin repositories

script/plugin list

# list all available plugins

script/plugin install where

# install the a?wherea?? plugin

script/plugin install -x where

# install where plugin as SVN external

script/plugin install http://invisible.ch/projects/plugins/where

script/plugin update

# update installed plugins

script/plugin source

# add a source repository

script/plugin unsource

# removes a source repository

script/plugin sources

# lists source repositories