实现思路:在spring中配置多个数据源,然后在service层通过注解方式标明方法所要使用的数据源,利用springAOP在service方法执行前根据方法上的注解明确所要使用的数据源。如下图
首先,介绍spring 的AbstractRoutingDataSource 类
AbstractRoutingDataSource这个类 是spring2.0以后增加的,我们先来看下AbstractRoutingDataSource的定义:
- public abstract class AbstractRoutingDataSource extends AbstractDataSource implements InitializingBean {}
- public abstract class AbstractRoutingDataSource extends AbstractDataSource implements InitializingBean {
- private Map<Object, Object> targetDataSources;
- private Object defaultTargetDataSource;
- private DataSourceLookup dataSourceLookup = new JndiDataSourceLookup();
- private Map<Object, DataSource> resolvedDataSources;
- private DataSource resolvedDefaultDataSource;
AbstractRoutingDataSource继承了AbstractDataSource ,而AbstractDataSource 又是DataSource 的子类。
DataSource 是javax.sql 的数据源接口,定义如下:
- public interface DataSource extends CommonDataSource,Wrapper {
- Connection getConnection() throws SQLException;
- Connection getConnection(String username, String password)
- throws SQLException;
- }
DataSource 接口定义了2个方法,都是获取数据库连接。我们在看下AbstractRoutingDataSource 如何实现了DataSource接口:
- public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
- return determineTargetDataSource().getConnection();
- }
- public Connection getConnection(String username, String password) throws SQLException {
- return determineTargetDataSource().getConnection(username, password);
- }
很显然就是调用自己的determineTargetDataSource() 方法获取到connection。determineTargetDataSource方法定义如下:
- protected DataSource determineTargetDataSource() {
- Assert.notNull(this.resolvedDataSources, "DataSource router not initialized");
- Object lookupKey = determineCurrentLookupKey();
- DataSource dataSource = this.resolvedDataSources.get(lookupKey);
- if (dataSource == null && (this.lenientFallback || lookupKey == null)) {
- dataSource = this.resolvedDefaultDataSource;
- }
- if (dataSource == null) {
- throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot determine target DataSource for lookup key [" + lookupKey + "]");
- }
- return dataSource;
- }
我们最关心的还是下面2句话:
Object lookupKey = determineCurrentLookupKey();
DataSource dataSource = this.resolvedDataSources.get(lookupKey);
determineCurrentLookupKey方法返回lookupKey,resolvedDataSources方法就是根据lookupKey从Map中获得数据源。resolvedDataSources 和determineCurrentLookupKey定义如下:
private Map<Object, DataSource> resolvedDataSources;
protected abstract Object determineCurrentLookupKey()
看到以上定义,我们是不是有点思路了,resolvedDataSources是Map类型,我们可以把MasterDataSource和SlaveDataSource存到Map中,如下:
key value
master MasterDataSource
slave SlaveDataSource
我们在写一个类DynamicDataSource 继承AbstractRoutingDataSource,实现其determineCurrentLookupKey() 方法,该方法返回Map的key,master或slave。这样就达到了切换数据库的目的。
现在开始介绍实现方式:
1. 创建注解类,用来标记service方法所要使用的数据源key
- @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
- @Target(ElementType.METHOD)
- public @interface DataSource {
- String value();
- }
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource;
public class DynamicDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource {
private static final ThreadLocal<String> dataSourceKey = new InheritableThreadLocal<String>();
public static void setDataSourceKey(String dataSource) {
dataSourceKey.set(dataSource);
}
public static String getDatasourcekey() {
return dataSourceKey.get();
}
protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() {
return dataSourceKey.get();
}
}
方法中实现了determineCurrentLookupKey()方法,该方法会从ThreadLocal对象中获取到一个key来表明所要使用的数据源
3. 实现springAop来根据service中方法上的注解设置ThreadLocal对象
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationUtils;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionSynchronizationManager;
import com.chinalife.clap.core.MultDataSource;
import com.chinalife.clap.core.annotation.DataSource;
public class DataSourceAspect {
public void before(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.isActualTransactionActive()
&& DynamicDataSource.getDatasourcekey() != null)
return;
// 获取方法签名
Method declareMethod = ((MethodSignature) joinPoint.getSignature()).getMethod();
Method instanceMethod = joinPoint.getTarget().getClass().getMethod(declareMethod.getName(),
declareMethod.getParameterTypes());
DataSource methodAnnotation = AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(instanceMethod, DataSource.class);
if (methodAnnotation == null)
return;
if (methodAnnotation != null) {
MultDataSource.setDataSourceKey(methodAnnotation.value());
}
}
/**
* 方法执行完后置空
*/
public void after(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.isActualTransactionActive())
return;
if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.isSynchronizationActive())
TransactionSynchronizationManager.clearSynchronization();
MultDataSource.setDataSourceKey(null);
}
}
3.开始配置spring数据源 application-jdbc.xml
<bean id="masterdataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/shop" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="yangyanping0615" />
</bean>
<bean id="slavedataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="yangyanping0615" />
</bean>
<beans:bean id="dynamicDataSource" class="com.air.shop.common.db.DynamicDataSource">
<property name="targetDataSources">
<map key-type="java.lang.String">
<!-- write -->
<entry key="master" value-ref="masterdataSource"/>
<!-- read -->
<entry key="slave" value-ref="slavedataSource"/>
</map>
</property>
<property name="defaultTargetDataSource" ref="masterdataSource"/>
</beans:bean>
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dynamicDataSource" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置SqlSessionFactoryBean -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dynamicDataSource" />
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:config/mybatis-config.xml" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置数据库注解aop -->
<beans:bean id="manyDataSourceAspect" class="com.air.shop.proxy.DataSourceAspect" />
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect id="c" ref="manyDataSourceAspect">
<aop:pointcut id="tx" expression="execution(* com.air.shop.mapper.service.*(..))"/>
<aop:before pointcut-ref="tx" method="before"/>
<aop:after pointcut-ref="tx" method="after"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config> <!-- 配置数据库注解aop -->
下面给出service实例
public interface Userservic {
@DataSource("master")
public void add(User user);
@DataSource("master")
public void update(User user);
@DataSource("master")
public void delete(int id);
@DataSource("slave")
public User loadbyid(int id);
}