/*
构造一个分数类Fraction,该类中包括分子和分母两个成员数据,并具有下述功能:
(1) 建立构造函数,它能防止分母为零,当分数不是最简形式时进行约分,并避免分母为负数。
(2) 重载加法、减法、乘法以及除法运算符。
(3) 重载关系运算符:>、>=、<、<=、==、!=
(4) 重载插入">>"和提取"<<"运算符
(5) 重载自加"++"和自减"--"运算符
*/
#include<iostream.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
class Fraction
{
private:
int numerator; //分子
int denominator; //分母
public:
Fraction(int n=1,int d=1) //形参n为分子赋值,形参d为分母赋值
{ if(d==0) // 如果分母为0,显示错误信息,退出程序
{cout<<"error!,the denominator is not equal to 0!"<<endl<<"exit program......"<<endl;
exit(1); //退出程序
}
else if(d<0) // 如果分母为负,进行转换,分子分母同时乘以-1,得到分母为正,分子为相反数
{ n=(-1)*n;
d=(-1)*d;
}
numerator=n;
denominator=d;
}
void simple() //对原始分数进行化简,在不是最简形式时进行约分
{
int k;
k=numerator<denominator?numerator:denominator;
for(int i=2;i<=k;i++)
{ while(( numerator%i==0)&&(denominator%i==0)) //分子分母如果同时是i的倍数时,进行化简
{ numerator= numerator/i;
denominator=denominator/i;
}
}
}
void disp() //分数显示
{ if(numerator==0)
{cout<<"0"<<endl;
return;
}
else if (numerator==denominator)
{cout<<"1"<<endl;
return;
}
cout<<numerator<<"/"<<denominator<<endl;
}
void set_numerator() //输入分子
{
cin>>numerator;
}
int get_numerator() //获取分子
{
return numerator;
}
void set_denominator() //输入分母
{
int d;
cin>>d;
if(d!=0)
denominator=d;
else
{
cout<<"error!,the denominator is not equal to 0!"<<endl<<"exit program......"<<endl;
exit(1); //退出程序
}
}
int get_denominator() //获取分母
{
return denominator;
}
Fraction operator ++(); //成员函数进行"++"运算符重载,作为前置运算符
Fraction operator ++(int); //成员函数进行"++"运算符重载,作为后置运算符
Fraction operator --(); //成员函数进行"--"运算符重载,作为前置运算符
Fraction operator --(int); //成员函数进行"--"运算符重载,作为前置运算符
friend Fraction operator +(Fraction a,Fraction b); //友元函数进行"+"运算符重载,进行分数相加
friend Fraction operator -(Fraction a,Fraction b); //友元函数进行"-"运算符重载,进行分数相减
friend Fraction operator *(Fraction a,Fraction b); //友元函数进行"*"运算符重载,进行分数相乘
friend Fraction operator /(Fraction a,Fraction b); //友元函数进行"+"运算符重载,进行分数相除
friend Fraction operator -(Fraction a); //友元函数进行"-"运算符重载,进行分数求相反数
friend int operator > (Fraction a,Fraction b); //友元函数进行">"运算符重载,进行分数比较
friend int operator >=(Fraction a,Fraction b); //友元函数进行">="运算符重载,进行分数比较
friend int operator < (Fraction a,Fraction b); //友元函数进行"<"运算符重载,进行分数比较
friend int operator <=(Fraction a,Fraction b); //友元函数进行"<="运算符重载,进行分数比较
friend bool operator ==(Fraction a,Fraction b); //友元函数进行"=="运算符重载,进行分数比较
friend bool operator !=(Fraction a,Fraction b); //友元函数进行"!="运算符重载,进行分数比较
friend ostream & operator<<(ostream & output,Fraction & f ); //友元函数进行"<<"运算符重载,进行分数类对象的输出
friend istream & operator>>(istream & input,Fraction & f ); //友元函数进行">>"运算符重载,进行分数类对象的输入
};
Fraction Fraction::operator ++() //成员函数进行"++"运算符重载,作为前置运算符,返回的是已改变值之后的对象
{
numerator=numerator+denominator;
return (* this); //返回自加后的对象
}
Fraction Fraction::operator ++(int) //成员函数进行"++"运算符重载,作为后置运算符,返回的是改变值之前的对象
{
Fraction temp=(*this);
numerator=numerator+denominator;
return temp; //返回自加前的对象
}
Fraction Fraction::operator --() //成员函数进行"--"运算符重载,作为前置运算符,返回的是已改变值之后的对象
{
numerator=numerator-denominator;
return (* this); //返回自减后的对象
}
Fraction Fraction::operator --(int) //成员函数进行"--"运算符重载,作为前置运算符,返回的是改变值之前的对象
{
Fraction temp=(*this);
numerator=numerator-denominator;
return temp; //返回自减前的对象
}
Fraction operator + (Fraction a,Fraction b)
{ Fraction temp;
temp.numerator=(a.numerator*b.denominator)+b.numerator*a.denominator;
temp.denominator=a.denominator*b.denominator;
temp.simple();
return temp;
}
Fraction operator -(Fraction a,Fraction b)
{ Fraction temp;
temp.numerator=(a.numerator*b.denominator)-b.numerator*a.denominator;
temp.denominator=a.denominator*b.denominator;
temp.simple();
return temp;
}
Fraction operator -(Fraction a)
{ Fraction temp;
temp.numerator=a.numerator*(-1);
temp.denominator=a.denominator;
temp.simple();
return temp;
}
Fraction operator *(Fraction a,Fraction b)
{ Fraction temp;
temp.numerator=a.numerator*b.numerator;
temp.denominator=a.denominator*b.denominator;
temp.simple();
return temp;
}
Fraction operator /(Fraction a,Fraction b)
{ Fraction temp;
temp.numerator=a.numerator*b.denominator;
temp.denominator=a.denominator*b.numerator;
temp.simple();
return temp;
}
int operator >(Fraction a,Fraction b)
{return (float)a.numerator/(float)a.denominator>(float)b.numerator/(float)b.denominator;}
int operator >=(Fraction a,Fraction b)
{return (float)a.numerator/(float)a.denominator>=(float)b.numerator/(float)b.denominator;}
int operator <(Fraction a,Fraction b)
{return (float)a.numerator/(float)a.denominator<(float)b.numerator/(float)b.denominator;}
int operator <=(Fraction a,Fraction b)
{return (float)a.numerator/(float)a.denominator<=(float)b.numerator/(float)b.denominator;}
bool operator ==(Fraction a,Fraction b)
{return a.numerator*b.denominator==b.numerator*a.denominator;}
bool operator !=(Fraction a,Fraction b)
{return a.numerator*b.denominator!=b.numerator*a.denominator;}
ostream & operator<<(ostream & output,Fraction & f )
{
if(f.numerator==0)
{output<<"0"<<endl;
return output;
}
else if (f.numerator==f.denominator)
{output<<"1"<<endl;
return output;
}
output<<f.numerator<<"/"<<f.denominator<<endl;
return output;
}
istream & operator>>(istream & input,Fraction & f )
{
cout<<"input the numerator of fraction: "<<endl;
input>>f.numerator;
cout<<"input the denominator of fraction: "<<endl;
input>>f.denominator;
return input;
}
int main ()
{
Fraction p1(3,5),p2(12,16),p3; //定义Fraction类对象
cout<<"p1=";
p1.disp(); //显示p1的值
p1.simple( ); //对p1进行化简
cout<<"after simple"<<'\t';
cout<<"p1=";
p1.disp(); //显示p1的值
cout<<"p2=";
p2.disp(); //显示p2的值
p2.simple( ); //对p2进行化简
cout<<"after simple"<<'\t';
cout<<"p2=";
p2.disp(); //显示p2的值
p3=p1+p2; //调用+运算符重载函数进行2个Fraction对象的相加
cout<<"p1+p2=";
p3.disp();
p3=p1-p2; //调用-运算符重载函数进行2个Fraction对象的相减
cout<<"p1-p2=";
p3.disp();
p3=p1*p2; //调用*运算符重载函数进行2个Fraction对象的相乘
cout<<"p1*p2=";
p3.disp();
p3=p1/p2; //调用/运算符重载函数进行2个Fraction对象的相除
cout<<"p1/p2=";
p3.disp();
p3=-p1; //调用-运算符重载函数进行1个Fraction对象的求反
cout<<"-p1=";
p3.disp();
if(p1==p2) //调用==运算符重载函数进行2个Fraction对象的相等比较
cout<<"p1=p2"<<endl;
if(p1!=p2) //调用!=运算符重载函数进行2个Fraction对象的不相等比较
cout<<"p1!=p2"<<endl;
if(p1>p2) //调用>运算符重载函数进行2个Fraction对象的大于比较
cout<<"p1>p2"<<endl;
if(p1>=p2) //调用>=运算符重载函数进行2个Fraction对象的大于等于比较
cout<<"p1>=p2"<<endl;
if(p1<p2) //调用<运算符重载函数进行2个Fraction对象的小于比较
cout<<"p1<p2"<<endl;
if(p1<=p2) //调用<=运算符重载函数进行2个Fraction对象的小于等于比较
cout<<"p1<=p2"<<endl;
p3=p1++; //调用后自增运算符重载函数
cout<<"p3=p1++"<<endl;
cout<<"p1=";
p1.disp();
cout<<"p3=";
p3.disp();
p3=p1--; //调用后自减运算符重载函数
cout<<"p3=p1--"<<endl;
cout<<"p1=";
p1.disp();
cout<<"p3=";
p3.disp();
p3=++p2; //调用前自增运算符重载函数
cout<<"p3=++p2"<<endl;
cout<<"p2=";
p2.disp();
cout<<"p3=";
p3.disp();
p3=--p2; //调用前自减运算符重载函数
cout<<"p3=--p2"<<endl;
cout<<"p2=";
p2.disp();
cout<<"p3=";
p3.disp();
cout<<endl<<endl;
//利用成员函数重新为分数类对象各个成员赋值
cout<<"input the numerator and denominator of p1 :";
p1.set_numerator(); //为p1的分子赋值
p1.set_denominator(); //为p1的分母赋值
cout<<"p1=";
p1.disp(); //显示p1的值
p1.simple(); //对p1进行化简
cout<<"after simple"<<'\t';
cout<<"p1=";
p1.disp(); //显示p1的值
cout<<"input the numerator and denominator of p2 :";
p2.set_numerator(); //为p2的分子赋值
p2.set_denominator(); //为p2的分母赋值
cout<<"p2=";
p2.disp(); //显示p2的值
p2.simple(); //对p2进行化简
cout<<"after simple"<<'\t';
cout<<"p2=";
p2.disp(); //显示p2的值
p3=p1+p2;
cout<<"p1+p2=";
p3.disp();
p3=p1-p2;
cout<<"p1-p2=";
p3.disp();
p3=p1*p2;
cout<<"p1*p2=";
p3.disp();
p3=p1/p2;
cout<<"p1/p2=";
p3.disp();
p3=-p1;
cout<<"-p1=";
p3.disp();
if(p1==p2)
cout<<"p1=p2"<<endl;
if(p1!=p2)
cout<<"p1!=p2"<<endl;
if(p1>p2)
cout<<"p1>p2"<<endl;
if(p1>=p2)
cout<<"p1>=p2"<<endl;
if(p1<p2)
cout<<"p1<p2"<<endl;
if(p1<=p2)
cout<<"p1<=p2"<<endl;
cout<<endl<<endl;
//通过<<和>>运算符重载进行Fraction类对象的输入和输出
cout<<"input p1"<<endl;
cin>>p1; //利用>>运算符重载函数进行p1对象的输入
cout<<"p1="<<p1; //利用<<运算符重载函数进行p1对象的输出
p1.simple(); //对p2进行化简
cout<<"after simple"<<'\t';
cout<<"p1="<<p1; //利用<<运算符重载函数进行p1对象的输出
cout<<"input p2"<<endl;
cin>>p2; //利用>>运算符重载函数进行p2对象的输入
cout<<"p2="<<p2; //利用<<运算符重载函数进行p2对象的输出
p2.simple(); //对p2进行化简
cout<<"after simple"<<'\t';
cout<<"p2="<<p2; //利用<<运算符重载函数进行p2对象的输出
return 0;
}