零. 前言 ¶
- 開發hadoop 需要用到許多的物件導向語法,包括繼承關係、介面類別,而且需要匯入正確的classpath,否則寫hadoop程式只是打字練習...
- 用類 vim 來處理這種複雜的程式,有可能會變成一場惡夢,因此用eclipse開發,搭配mapreduce-plugin會事半功倍。
- 若繼承練習一的系統,可以直接跳到二、 建立專案 開始
0.1 環境說明 ¶
- ubuntu 8.10
- sun-java-6
- eclipse 3.3.2
- hadoop 0.20.2
0.2 目錄說明 ¶
- 使用者:waue
- 使用者家目錄: /home/hadooper
- 專案目錄 : /home/hadooper/workspace
- hadoop目錄: /opt/hadoop
一、安裝 ¶
安裝的部份沒必要都一模一樣,僅提供參考,反正只要安裝好java , hadoop , eclipse,並清楚自己的路徑就可以了
1.1. 安裝java ¶
首先安裝java 基本套件
$ sudo apt-get install java-common sun-java6-bin sun-java6-jdk sun-java6-jre
1.1.1. 安裝sun-java6-doc ¶
1 將javadoc (jdk-6u10-docs.zip) 下載下來 下載點
2 下載完後將檔案放在 /tmp/ 下
3 執行
$ sudo apt-get install sun-java6-doc
1.2. ssh 安裝設定 ¶
$ apt-get install ssh
$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
$ ssh localhost
執行ssh localhost 沒有出現詢問密碼的訊息則無誤
1.3. 安裝hadoop ¶
安裝hadoop0.20到/opt/並取目錄名為hadoop
$ cd ~
$ wget http://apache.ntu.edu.tw/hadoop/core/hadoop-0.20.2/hadoop-0.20.2.tar.gz
$ tar zxvf hadoop-0.20.2.tar.gz
$ sudo mv hadoop-0.20.2 /opt/
$ sudo chown -R waue:waue /opt/hadoop-0.20.2
$ sudo ln -sf /opt/hadoop-0.20.2 /opt/hadoop
- 編輯 /opt/hadoop/conf/hadoop-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME
=
/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun
export HADOOP_HOME = /opt/hadoop
export PATH = $PATH :/opt/hadoop/bin
- 編輯 /opt/hadoop/conf/core-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>fs.default.name</name>
<value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/tmp/hadoop/hadoop-${ user .name }
</value>
</property>
</configuration>
- 編輯 /opt/hadoop/conf/hdfs-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
</configuration>
- 編輯 /opt/hadoop/conf/mapred-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>mapred.job.tracker</name>
<value>localhost:9001</value>
</property>
</configuration>
- 啟動
$ cd /opt/hadoop
$ source /opt/hadoop/conf/hadoop-env.sh
$ hadoop namenode -format
$ start-all.sh
$ hadoop fs -put conf input
$ hadoop fs -ls
- 沒有錯誤訊息則代表無誤
1.4. 安裝eclipse ¶
- 在此提供兩個方法來下載檔案
- 方法一:下載 eclipse SDK 3.4.2 Classic ,並且放這檔案到家目錄
- 方法二:貼上指令
$ cd ~
$ wget http://ftp.cs.pu.edu.tw/pub/eclipse/eclipse/downloads/drops/R-3.4.2-200902111700/eclipse-SDK-3.4.2-linux-gtk.tar.gz
- eclipse 檔已下載到家目錄後,執行下面指令:
$ cd ~
$ tar -zxvf eclipse-SDK-3.4.2-linux-gtk.tar.gz
$ sudo mv eclipse /opt
$ sudo ln -sf /opt/eclipse/eclipse /usr/local/bin/
二、 建立專案 ¶
2.1 安裝hadoop 的 eclipse plugin ¶
- 匯入hadoop 0.20.2 eclipse plugin
$ cd /opt/hadoop
$ sudo cp /opt/hadoop/contrib/eclipse-plugin/hadoop-0.20.2-eclipse-plugin.jar /opt/eclipse/plugins
$ sudo vim /opt/eclipse/eclipse.ini
- 可斟酌參考eclipse.ini內容(非必要)
-startup
plugins/org.eclipse.equinox.launcher_1.0.101.R34x_v20081125.jar
--launcher.library
plugins/org.eclipse.equinox.launcher.gtk.linux.x86_1.0.101.R34x_v20080805
-showsplash
org.eclipse.platform
--launcher.XXMaxPermSize
512m
-vmargs
-Xms40m
-Xmx512m
2.2 開啟eclipse ¶
- 打開eclipse
$ eclipse &
一開始會出現問你要將工作目錄放在哪裡:在這我們用預設值
PS: 之後的說明則是在eclipse 上的介面操作
2.3 選擇視野 ¶
window -> | open pers.. -> | other.. -> | map/reduce |
設定要用 Map/Reduce? 的視野
使用 Map/Reduce? 的視野後的介面呈現
2.4 建立專案 ¶
file -> new -> project -> Map/Reduce? -> Map/Reduce? Project -> next
建立mapreduce專案(1)
建立mapreduce專案的(2)
project name-> 輸入 : icas (
隨意)
use default hadoop -> Configur Hadoop install... -> 輸入: "/opt/hadoop"
-> ok
Finish
2.5 設定專案 ¶
由於剛剛建立了icas這個專案,因此eclipse已經建立了新的專案,出現在左邊視窗,右鍵點選該資料夾,並選properties
Step1. 右鍵點選project的properties做細部設定
Step2. 進入專案的細部設定頁
- java Build Path -> Libraries -> hadoop-0.20.2-ant.jar
- java Build Path -> Libraries -> hadoop-0.20.2-core.jar
- java Build Path -> Libraries -> hadoop-0.20.2-tools.jar
- 以 hadoop-0.20.2-core.jar 的設定內容如下,其他依此類推
source
...-> 輸入:/opt/hadoop/src/core
javadoc ...-> 輸入:file:/opt/hadoop/docs/api/
Step3. hadoop的javadoc的設定完後(2)
Step4. java本身的javadoc的設定(3)
- javadoc location -> 輸入:file:/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun/docs/api/
設定完後回到eclipse 主視窗
2.6 連接hadoop server ¶
Step1. 視窗右下角黃色大象圖示"Map/Reduce? Locations tag" -> 點選齒輪右邊的藍色大象圖示:
Step2. 進行eclipse 與 hadoop 間的設定(2)
Location Name -> 輸入:hadoop (
隨意)
Map/Reduce Master -> Host-> 輸入:localhost
Map/Reduce Master -> Port-> 輸入:9001
DFS Master -> Host-> 輸入:9000
Finish
設定完後,可以看到下方多了一隻藍色大象,左方展開資料夾也可以秀出在hdfs內的檔案結構
三、 撰寫範例程式 ¶
- 之前在eclipse上已經開了個專案icas,因此這個目錄在:
- /home/hadooper/workspace/icas
- 在這個目錄內有兩個資料夾:
- src : 用來裝程式原始碼
- bin : 用來裝編譯後的class檔
- 如此一來原始碼和編譯檔就不會混在一起,對之後產生jar檔會很有幫助
- 在這我們編輯一個範例程式 : WordCount
3.1 mapper.java ¶
- new
File -> new -> mapper
- create
source
folder-> 輸入: icas/src
Package : Sample
Name -> : mapper
- modify
package
Sample;
import
java.io.IOException
;
import
java.util.StringTokenizer
;
import
org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable
;
import
org.apache.hadoop.io.Text
;
import
org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper
;
public
class
mapper
extends
Mapper<
Object,
Text,
Text,
IntWritable>
{
private
final
static
IntWritable one =
new
IntWritable(
1
);
private
Text word =
new
Text();
public
void
map
(
Object key,
Text value,
Context context)
throws
IOException,
InterruptedException {
StringTokenizer itr =
new
StringTokenizer(
value.
toString
());
while
(
itr.
hasMoreTokens
())
{
word.
set
(
itr.
nextToken
());
context.
write
(
word,
one);
}
}
}
3.2 reducer.java ¶
- new
- File -> new -> reducer
- create
source
folder-> 輸入: icas/src
Package : Sample
Name -> : reducer
- modify
package
Sample;
import
java.io.IOException
;
import
org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable
;
import
org.apache.hadoop.io.Text
;
import
org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer
;
public
class
reducer
extends
Reducer<
Text,
IntWritable,
Text,
IntWritable>
{
private
IntWritable result =
new
IntWritable();
public
void
reduce
(
Text key,
Iterable<
IntWritable>
values,
Context context)
throws
IOException,
InterruptedException {
int
sum =
0
;
for
(
IntWritable val :
values)
{
sum +=
val.
get
();
}
result.
set
(
sum);
context.
write
(
key,
result);
}
}
- File -> new -> Map/Reduce? Driver
3.3 WordCount .java (main function) ¶
- new
建立WordCount.java,此檔用來驅動mapper 與 reducer,因此選擇 Map/Reduce? Driver
- create
source
folder-> 輸入: icas/src
Package : Sample
Name -> : WordCount.java
- modify
package
Sample;
import
org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration
;
import
org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path
;
import
org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable
;
import
org.apache.hadoop.io.Text
;
import
org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job
;
import
org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat
;
import
org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat
;
import
org.apache.hadoop.util.GenericOptionsParser
;
public
class
WordCount
{
public
static
void
main
(
String[]
args)
throws
Exception {
Configuration conf =
new
Configuration();
String[]
otherArgs =
new
GenericOptionsParser(
conf,
args)
.
getRemainingArgs
();
if
(
otherArgs.
length
!=
2
)
{
System.
err
.
println
(
"Usage: wordcount <in> <out>"
);
System.
exit
(
2
);
}
Job job =
new
Job(
conf,
"word count"
);
job.
setJarByClass
(
WordCount.
class
);
job.
setMapperClass
(
mapper.
class
);
job.
setCombinerClass
(
reducer.
class
);
job.
setReducerClass
(
reducer.
class
);
job.
setOutputKeyClass
(
Text.
class
);
job.
setOutputValueClass
(
IntWritable.
class
);
FileInputFormat.
addInputPath
(
job,
new
Path(
otherArgs[
0
]));
FileOutputFormat.
setOutputPath
(
job,
new
Path(
otherArgs[
1
]));
System.
exit
(
job.
waitForCompletion
(
true
)
?
0
:
1
);
}
}
- 三個檔都存檔後,可以看到icas專案下的src,bin都有檔案產生,我們用指令來check
$ cd workspace/icas
$ ls src/Sample/
mapper.java reducer.java WordCount.java
$ ls bin/Sample/
mapper.class reducer.class WordCount.class
四、測試範例程式 ¶
- 右鍵點選WordCount.java -> run as -> run on Hadoop
五、結論 ¶
- 搭配eclipse ,我們可以更有效率的開發hadoop
- hadoop 0.20 與之前的版本api以及設定都有些改變,因此hadoop 環境的設定,需要看 hadoop 0.20 的quickstart ; 而如何使用 hadoop 0.20 的api,則可以看 /opt/hadoop/src/example/ 裡面的程式碼來提供初步的構想
Attachments
- hadoop_sample_codes.zip (16.9 KB ) - added by waue 20 months ago.
- nchc-example.jar (23.2 KB ) - added by waue 20 months ago.
- Makefile (0.8 KB ) - added by waue 20 months ago.
- 1-1.png (41.7 KB ) - added by waue 13 months ago.
- 2-1.png (28.7 KB ) - added by waue 13 months ago.
- 2-2.png (48.6 KB ) - added by waue 13 months ago.
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- 2-5-2.png (85.0 KB ) - added by waue 13 months ago.
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- 2-6-1.png (52.8 KB ) - added by waue 13 months ago.
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- 3-1.png (40.7 KB ) - added by waue 13 months ago.
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- 4-1.png (200.2 KB ) - added by waue 13 months ago.
- 4-2.png (236.2 KB ) - added by waue 13 months ago.
- file-new-mapper.png (30.4 KB ) - added by waue 13 months ago.
- file-new-mr-driver.png (30.2 KB ) - added by waue 13 months ago.
- file-new-project.png (26.7 KB ) - added by waue 13 months ago.
- file-new-reducer.png (25.8 KB ) - added by waue 13 months ago.
- win-open-other.png (31.4 KB ) - added by waue 13 months ago.