Java泛型07 : Java自带的泛型Collection、List、Map、Set以及工具类Arrays和Collections

超级通道： Java泛型学习系列-绪论

本章主要对Java自带的泛型Collection、List、Map和Set进行简单示例。

1.Java集合

首先回顾一下常用的Java集合类型的相关接口和类之间的关系：

Java在集合类型的定义中使用了大量的泛型，下面对这些常见的类型进行学习。

2.List和Set

示例代码：

/**
 * 演示Java自带泛型的集合Collection类型
 * Created by 韩超 on 2018/1/30.
 */
public class CollectionPrintUtils {
    private final static Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(CollectionPrintUtils.class);

    /**
     * <p>Title: 打印集合</p>
     * @author 韩超@bksx 2018/1/31 13:31
     */
    public static <E extends Collection> void pringCollection(E collection){
        if(null == collection || collection.isEmpty()) {
            LOGGER.info("无记录");
        }else {
            //java lambda表达式
            collection.forEach(LOGGER::info);
        }
    }

    /**
     * <p>Java泛型在List和Set中的使用</p>
     * @author hanchao 2018/2/23 22:13
     **/
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //List
        List<Integer> integerList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
        integerList.add(new Integer(1));
        integerList.add(2);
        integerList.add(new Integer(3));
        LOGGER.info("integerList的元素如下：");
        CollectionPrintUtils.pringCollection(integerList);
        //Set
        Set<String > stringSet = new HashSet<String>();
        stringSet.add("set1");
        stringSet.add("set2");
        stringSet.add("set3");
        LOGGER.info("stringSet的元素如下");
        CollectionPrintUtils.pringCollection(stringSet);
    }
}

运行结果：

2018-02-23 22:57:44 INFO  CollectionPrintUtils:37 - integerList的元素如下：
2018-02-23 22:57:44 INFO  CollectionPrintUtils:1249 - 1
2018-02-23 22:57:44 INFO  CollectionPrintUtils:1249 - 2
2018-02-23 22:57:44 INFO  CollectionPrintUtils:1249 - 3
2018-02-23 22:57:44 INFO  CollectionPrintUtils:44 - stringSet的元素如下
2018-02-23 22:57:44 INFO  CollectionPrintUtils:75 - set3
2018-02-23 22:57:44 INFO  CollectionPrintUtils:75 - set2
2018-02-23 22:57:44 INFO  CollectionPrintUtils:75 - set1

3.Map

示例代码：

/**
 * 演示Java自带泛型的集合Map类型
 * Created by 韩超 on 2018/1/31.
 */
public class MapPrintUtils {
    private final static Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(MapPrintUtils.class);

    /**
     * <p>Title: 打印Map</p>
     * @author 韩超@bksx 2018/1/31 14:28
     */
    public static <E extends Map> void printSet(E map){
        if (null == map || map.isEmpty()){
            LOGGER.info("当前Map无值！");
        }else {
            for (Object key : map.keySet()){
                Object value = map.get(key);
                LOGGER.info("key:" + key + ",value:" + value);
            }
        }
    }
    /**
     * <p>Java泛型在Map中的使用</p>
     * @author hanchao 2018/2/23 22:14
     **/
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //hashMap
        Map<String ,String> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
        hashMap.put("key1","value1");
        hashMap.put(null,"value2");
        hashMap.put("key3",null);
        LOGGER.info("hashMap的元素如下");
        MapPrintUtils.printSet(hashMap);

        //hashTable
        Map<Integer,Double> hashTable = new Hashtable<>();
        hashTable.put(1,2D);
        hashTable.put(2,3D);
        hashTable.put(3,4D);
        LOGGER.info("hashTable的元素如下：");
        MapPrintUtils.printSet(hashTable);
    }
}

运行结果：

2018-02-23 22:58:35 INFO  MapPrintUtils:40 - hashMap的元素如下
2018-02-23 22:58:35 INFO  MapPrintUtils:26 - key:key1,value:value1
2018-02-23 22:58:35 INFO  MapPrintUtils:26 - key:null,value:value2
2018-02-23 22:58:35 INFO  MapPrintUtils:26 - key:key3,value:null
2018-02-23 22:58:35 INFO  MapPrintUtils:48 - hashTable的元素如下：
2018-02-23 22:58:35 INFO  MapPrintUtils:26 - key:3,value:4.0
2018-02-23 22:58:35 INFO  MapPrintUtils:26 - key:2,value:3.0
2018-02-23 22:58:35 INFO  MapPrintUtils:26 - key:1,value:2.0

4.Arrays和Collections

示例代码：

/**
 * <p>集合工具类Collections和Arrays中的泛型示例</p>
 * @author hanchao 2018/2/23 22:33
 **/
public class ArraysAndCollectionsUtils {
    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(ArraysAndCollectionsUtils.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        LOGGER.info("Arrays工具类中的泛型示例：public static <T> List<T> asList(T... a) {}");
        List<? extends Number> numberList = Arrays.asList(1,2D,3L,4.0F);
        numberList.forEach(LOGGER::info);

        System.out.println();
        LOGGER.info("Collections工具类中的泛型示例：二分查找public static <T>" +
                " int binarySearch(List<? extends Comparable<? super T>> list, T key) {}");
        List<Integer> integerList = new ArrayList<>();
        integerList.add(1);
        integerList.add(2);
        integerList.add(3);
        integerList.add(4);
        LOGGER.info("二分查找：" + Collections.binarySearch(integerList,3));

        System.out.println();
        LOGGER.info("Collections工具类中的泛型示例：排序public static <T extends Comparable<? super T>> void sort(List<T> list) {}");
        List<Double> doubleList = Arrays.asList(2D,1D,3D);
        LOGGER.info("第一次打印：");
        doubleList.forEach(LOGGER::info);
        LOGGER.info("排序");
        Collections.sort(doubleList);
        LOGGER.info("第二次打印：");
        doubleList.forEach(LOGGER::info);

        System.out.println();
        LOGGER.info("Collections工具类中的泛型示例：排序public static <T> void copy(List<? super T> dest, List<? extends T> src) {}");
        List<String > stringList = Arrays.asList("A","B","C");
        List<String > stringList2 = Arrays.asList("a","b","c","d");
        Collections.copy(stringList2,stringList);
        LOGGER.info(stringList2);
    }
}

运行结果：

2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:18 - Arrays工具类中的泛型示例：public static <T> List<T> asList(T... a) {}
2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:3880 - 1
2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:3880 - 2.0
2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:3880 - 3
2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:3880 - 4.0

2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:23 - Collections工具类中的泛型示例：二分查找public static <T> int binarySearch(List<? extends Comparable<? super T>> list, T key) {}
2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:30 - 二分查找：2

2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:33 - Collections工具类中的泛型示例：排序public static <T extends Comparable<? super T>> void sort(List<T> list) {}
2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:35 - 第一次打印：
2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:3880 - 2.0
2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:3880 - 1.0
2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:3880 - 3.0
2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:37 - 排序
2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:39 - 第二次打印：
2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:3880 - 1.0
2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:3880 - 2.0
2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:3880 - 3.0

2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:43 - Collections工具类中的泛型示例：排序public static <T> void copy(List<? super T> dest, List<? extends T> src) {}
2018-02-23 23:00:02 INFO  ArraysAndCollectionsUtils:47 - [A, B, C, d]

5.总结

由于这些集合类和工具类提供的静态方法都比较常见，上面没有过多描述。
其实在Java集合框架中，还有更多的泛型类和泛型方法，这里就不一一例句了。