Java反射 : Declared的作用 ( 例如 : getMethods和getDeclaredMethods )

1.方法示例

Java反射相关类中存在大量Declared方法，例如：

Class userClass = User.class;
Method[] methods1 = userClass.getMethods();
Method[] methods2 = userClass.getDeclaredMethods();

Method getUsrMethod = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("getUsername");
Annotation[] annotation1 = getUsrMethod.getAnnotations();
Annotation[] annotation2 = getUsrMethod.getDeclaredAnnotations();

getXxxxx以及getDeclaredXxxx方法到底有什么区别呢？

2.源码解读

先看一下getMethods()的源代码：

/**
 * Returns an array containing {@code Method} objects reflecting all the
 * public methods of the class or interface represented by this {@code
 * Class} object, including those declared by the class or interface and
 * those inherited from superclasses and superinterfaces.
 *
 * ...省略
 * 
 * @jls 8.2 Class Members
 * @jls 8.4 Method Declarations
 * @since JDK1.1
 */
@CallerSensitive
public Method[] getMethods() throws SecurityException {
    checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
    return copyMethods(privateGetPublicMethods());
}

从方法注释可知：getMethods()返回的是当前Class对象的所有公有的方法，包含从父类或父接口继承而来的方法。

---

在看一下getDeclaredMethods()的源代码：

/**
 *
 * Returns an array containing {@code Method} objects reflecting all the
 * declared methods of the class or interface represented by this {@code
 * Class} object, including public, protected, default (package)
 * access, and private methods, but excluding inherited methods.
 *
 * ...省略
 * 
 * @jls 8.2 Class Members
 * @jls 8.4 Method Declarations
 * @since JDK1.1
 */
@CallerSensitive
public Method[] getDeclaredMethods() throws SecurityException {
    checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
    return copyMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false));
}

从方法注释可知：getDeclaredMethods()返回的是当前Class对象的所有(包括：public,protected,default,private)方法，但是并不包括继承自父类或父接口的方法。