MongoDB数据表基本操作

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-20 11:11:01 发布

ora600

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-20 11:11:01 发布

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查看全部数据表

> use ChatRoom
switched to db ChatRoom
> show collections
Account
Chat
system.indexes
system.users

创建数据表

> db.createCollection("Account")
{"ok":1}

> db.createCollection( " Test ",{capped:true, size:10000}) { " ok " : 1 }

{ " ok ":1}

-- 说明

capped:true，表示该集合的结构不能被修改；

size:在建表之初就指定一定的空间大小，接下来的插入操作会不断地按顺序APPEND数据在这个预分配好空间的文件中，如果已经超出空间大小，则回到文件头覆盖原来的数据继续插入。这种结构保证了插入和查询的高效性，它不允许删除单个记录，更新的也有限制：不能超过原有记录的大小。这种表效率很高，它适用于一些暂时保存数据的场合，比如网站中登录用户的session信息，又比如一些程序的监控日志，都是属于过了一定的时间就可以被覆盖的数据。

修改数据表名

> db.Account.renameCollection( " Account1 ")
{ " ok " : 1 }

数据表帮助主题help

> db.Account.help()
DBCollection help
        db.Account.find().help() - show DBCursor help
        db.Account.count()
        db.Account.dataSize()
        db.Account.distinct( key ) - eg. db.Account.distinct( 'x' )
        db.Account.drop() drop the collection
        db.Account.dropIndex(name)
        db.Account.dropIndexes()
        db.Account.ensureIndex(keypattern[,options]) - options is an object with these possible fields: name, unique, dropDups
        db.Account.reIndex()
        db.Account.find([query],[fields]) - query is an optional query filter. fields is optional set of fields to return.
                                                      e.g. db.Account.find( {x:77} , {name:1, x:1} )
        db.Account.find(...).count()
        db.Account.find(...).limit(n)
        db.Account.find(...).skip(n)
        db.Account.find(...).sort(...)
        db.Account.findOne([query])
        db.Account.findAndModify( { update : ... , remove : bool [, query: {}, sort: {}, 'new': false] } )
        db.Account.getDB() get DB object associated with collection
        db.Account.getIndexes()
        db.Account.group( { key : ..., initial: ..., reduce : ...[, cond: ...] } )
        db.Account.mapReduce( mapFunction , reduceFunction , <optional params> )
        db.Account.remove(query)
        db.Account.renameCollection( newName , <dropTarget> ) renames the collection.
        db.Account.runCommand( name , <options> ) runs a db command with the given name where the first param is the collection name
        db.Account.save(obj)
        db.Account.stats()
        db.Account.storageSize() - includes free space allocated to this collection
        db.Account.totalIndexSize() - size in bytes of all the indexes
        db.Account.totalSize() - storage allocated for all data and indexes
        db.Account.update(query, object[, upsert_bool, multi_bool])
        db.Account.validate() - SLOW
        db.Account.getShardVersion() - only for use with sharding

查看全部表记录

> db.Account.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df08553188e444d001a763a"), "AccountID" : 1, "UserName" : "libing", "Password" : "1", "Age" : 26, "Email" : "libing@126.com", "RegisterDate" : "2011-06-09 16:31:25" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df08586188e444d001a763b"), "AccountID" : 2, "UserName" : "lb", "Password" : "1", "Age" : 25, "Email" : "libing@163.com", "RegisterDate" : "2011-06-09 16:36:95" }

--SELECT * FROM Account

说明：

默认每页显示20条记录，当显示不下的情况下，可以用it迭代命令查询下一页数据。
可以通过DBQuery.shellBatchSize设置每页显示数据的大小。如：DBQuery.shellBatchSize = 5，这样每页就显示5条记录了

> db.Test.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d55407444568af61cfea"), "TestID" : 1 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d55907444568af61cfeb"), "TestID" : 2 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d55b07444568af61cfec"), "TestID" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d55e07444568af61cfed"), "TestID" : 4 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d56207444568af61cfee"), "TestID" : 5 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d56507444568af61cfef"), "TestID" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d56807444568af61cff0"), "TestID" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d56b07444568af61cff1"), "TestID" : 8 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d56e07444568af61cff2"), "TestID" : 9 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d57a07444568af61cff3"), "TestID" : 10 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d57d07444568af61cff4"), "TestID" : 11 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d58007444568af61cff5"), "TestID" : 12 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d58307444568af61cff6"), "TestID" : 13 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d58e07444568af61cff7"), "TestID" : 14 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d59207444568af61cff8"), "TestID" : 15 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d59607444568af61cff9"), "TestID" : 16 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d59c07444568af61cffa"), "TestID" : 17 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d5a307444568af61cffb"), "TestID" : 18 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d5a607444568af61cffc"), "TestID" : 19 }
> DBQuery.shellBatchSize
20
> DBQuery.shellBatchSize = 5
5
> db.Test.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d55407444568af61cfea"), "TestID" : 1 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d55907444568af61cfeb"), "TestID" : 2 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d55b07444568af61cfec"), "TestID" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d55e07444568af61cfed"), "TestID" : 4 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d56207444568af61cfee"), "TestID" : 5 }
has more
> it
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d56507444568af61cfef"), "TestID" : 6 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d56807444568af61cff0"), "TestID" : 7 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d56b07444568af61cff1"), "TestID" : 8 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d56e07444568af61cff2"), "TestID" : 9 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d57a07444568af61cff3"), "TestID" : 10 }
has more
> it
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d57d07444568af61cff4"), "TestID" : 11 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d58007444568af61cff5"), "TestID" : 12 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d58307444568af61cff6"), "TestID" : 13 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d58e07444568af61cff7"), "TestID" : 14 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d59207444568af61cff8"), "TestID" : 15 }
has more
> it
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d59607444568af61cff9"), "TestID" : 16 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d59c07444568af61cffa"), "TestID" : 17 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d5a307444568af61cffb"), "TestID" : 18 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4df6d5a607444568af61cffc"), "TestID" : 19 }
> it
no cursor

查询一条记录

> db.Account.findOne()
{
        "_id" : ObjectId("4ded95c3b7780a774a099b7c"),
        "UserName" : "libing",
        "Password" : "1",
        "Email" : "libing@126.cn",
        "RegisterDate" : "2011-06-07 11:06:25"
}

--SELECT TOP 1 * FROM Account

查询聚集中字段的不同记录

> db.Account.distinct( " UserName ")

--SELECT DISTINCT("UserName") FROM Account

查询聚集中UserName包含“keyword”关键字的记录

db.Account.find({ " UserName ":/keyword/})

--SELECT * FROM Account WHERE UserName LIKE '%keyword%'

查询聚集中UserName以"keyword" 开头的记录

> db.Account.find({ " UserName ":/^keyword/})

--SELECT * FROM Account WHERE UserName LIKE 'keyword%'

查询聚集中UserName以“keyword”结尾的记录

> db.Account.find({ " UserName ":/keyword$/})

--SELECT * FROM Account WHERE UserName LIKE '%keyword'

查询聚集中指定列

> db.Account.find({},{ " UserName ":1, " Email ":1}) --1:true

--SELECT UserName,Email FROM Account

查询聚集中排除指定列

> db.Account.find({},{ " UserName ":0}) --0:false

查询聚集中指定列，且Age > 20

> db.Account.find({ " Age ":{ " $gt ":20}},{ " UserName ":1, " Email ":1})

--SELECT UserName,Email FROM Account WHERE Age > 20

聚集中字段排序

> db.Account.find().sort({ " UserName ":1}) -- 升序
> db.Account.find().sort({ " UserName ":-1}) --降序

--SELECT * FROM Account ORDER BY UserName ASC

--SELECT * FROM Account ORDER BY UserName DESC

统计聚集中记录条数

> db.Account.find().count()

--SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Account

统计聚集中符合条件的记录条数

> db.Account.find({ " Age ":{ " $gt ":20}}).count()

-- SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Account WHERE Age > 20

统计聚集中字段符合条件的记录条数

> db.Account.find({ " UserName ":{ " $exists ":true}}).count()

--SELECT COUNT(UserName) FROM Account

查询聚集中前5条记录

> db.Account.find().limit(5)

--SELECT TOP 5 * FROM Account

查询聚集中第10条以后的记录

> db.Account.find().skip(10)

--SELECT * FROM Account WHERE AccountID NOT IN (SELECT TOP 10 AccountID FROM Account)

查询聚集中第10条记录以后的5条记录

> db.Account.find().skip(10).limit(5)

--SELECT TOP 5 * FROM Account WHERE AccountID NOT IN (SELECT TOP 10 AccountID FROM Account)

or查询

> db.Account.find({ " $or ":[{ " UserName ":/keyword/},{ " Email ":/keyword/}]},{ " UserName ":true, " Email ":true})

--SELECT UserName,Email FROM Account WHERE UserName LIKE '%keyword%' OR Email LIKE '%keyword%'

添加新记录

> db.Account.insert({AccountID:2,UserName: " lb ",Password: " 1 ",Age:25,Email: " libing@163.com ",RegisterDate: " 2011-06-09 16:36:95 "})

修改记录

> db.Account.update({ " AccountID ":1},{ " $set ":{ " Age ":27, " Email ": " libingql@163.com "}})
> db.Account.find({ " AccountID ":1})
{ " AccountID " : 1, " Age " : 27, " Email " : " libingql@163.com ", " Password " : " 1 ", " RegisterDate " : " 2011-06-09 16:31:25 ", " UserName " : " libing ", " _id " : ObjectId( " 4df08553188e444d001a763a ") }

> db.Account.update({ " AccountID ":1},{ " $inc ":{ " Age ":1}})
> db.Account.find({ " AccountID ":1})
{ " AccountID " : 1, " Age " : 28, " Email " : " libingql@163.com ", " Password " : " 1 ", " RegisterDate " : " 2011-06-09 16:31:25 ", " UserName " : " libing ", " _id " : ObjectId( " 4df08553188e444d001a763a ") }

删除记录

> db.Account.remove({ " AccountID ":1}) --DELETE FROM Account WHERE AccountID = 1

> db.Account.remove({ " UserName ": " libing "}) --DELETE FROM Account WHERE UserName = ' libing '

> db.Account.remove({ " Age ":{$lt:20}}) --DELETE FROM Account WHERE Age < 20
> db.Account.remove({ " Age ":{$lte:20}}) --DELETE FROM Account WHERE Age <= 20
> db.Account.remove({ " Age ":{$gt:20}}) --DELETE FROM Account WHERE Age > 20
> db.Account.remove({ " Age ":{$gte:20}}) --DELETE FROM Account WHERE Age >= 20
> db.Account.remove({ " Age ":{$ne:20}}) --DELETE FROM Account WHERE Age != 20

> db.Account.remove() --全部删除
> db.Account.remove({}) --全部删除