mysql创建、删除用户与授权(linux测试)

注:我的运行环境是SUSE Linux + mysql5.6

一.创建用户: 
命令:CREATE USER 'username'@'host' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; 
说明:username - 你将创建的用户名, host - 指定该用户在哪个主机上可以登陆,如果是本地用户可用localhost, 如果想让该用户可以从任意远程主机登陆,可以使用通配符%. password - 该用户的登陆密码,密码可以为空,如果为空则该用户可以不需要密码登录服务器. 
例子: CREATE USER 'zpc'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; 
CREATE USER 'zpc'@'192.168.1.101_' IDENDIFIED BY '123456'; 
CREATE USER 'zpc'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; 
CREATE USER 'zpc'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY ''; 
CREATE USER 'zpc'@'%'; 
二.授权: 
命令:GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO 'username'@'host' 
说明: privileges - 用户的操作权限,如SELECT , INSERT , UPDATE 等(详细列表见该文最后面).如果要授予所的权限则使用ALL.;databasename - 数据库名,tablename-表名,如果要授予该用户对所有数据库和表的相应操作权限则可用*表示, 如*.*. 
例子: GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON test.user TO 'pig'@'%'; 
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'zpc'@'%'; 
注意:用以上命令授权的用户不能给其它用户授权,如果想让该用户可以授权,用以下命令: 
GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO 'username'@'host' WITH GRANT OPTION; 

查看某个用户在某个数据库里的权限

show grants for 'zpc'@'%';

查看数据库所有用户

SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('User: ''',user,'''@''',host,''';') AS query FROM mysql.user;

三.设置与更改用户密码 
命令:SET PASSWORD FOR 'username'@'host' = PASSWORD('newpassword');如果是当前登陆用户用SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD("newpassword"); 
例子: SET PASSWORD FOR 'pig'@'%' = PASSWORD("123456"); 

如果上述命令无效，则尝试如下的方法

#在linux控制台上输入
bash$ mysql -u root mysql
#用mysql客户程序
mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET password=PASSWORD("123456") WHERE user='zpc';

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> QUIT

四.撤销用户权限 
命令: REVOKE privilege ON databasename.tablename FROM 'username'@'host'; 
说明: privilege, databasename, tablename - 同授权部分. 
例子: REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM 'pig'@'%'; 
注意: 假如你在给用户'pig'@'%'授权的时候是这样的(或类似的):GRANT SELECT ON test.user TO 'pig'@'%', 则在使用REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM 'pig'@'%';命令并不能撤销该用户对test数据库中user表的SELECT 操作.相反,如果授权使用的是GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO 'pig'@'%';则REVOKE SELECT ON test.user FROM 'pig'@'%';命令也不能撤销该用户对test数据库中user表的Select 权限. 
具体信息可以用命令SHOW GRANTS FOR 'zpc'@'%'; 查看. 
五.删除用户 
命令: DROP USER 'username'@'host'; 

附表:在MySQL中的操作权限

ALTER	Allows use of ALTER TABLE.
ALTER ROUTINE	Alters or drops stored routines.
CREATE	Allows use of CREATE TABLE.
CREATE ROUTINE	Creates stored routines.
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE	Allows use of CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE.
CREATE USER	Allows use of CREATE USER, DROP USER, RENAME USER, and REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES.
CREATE VIEW	Allows use of CREATE VIEW.
DELETE	Allows use of DELETE.
DROP	Allows use of DROP TABLE.
EXECUTE	Allows the user to run stored routines.
FILE	Allows use of SELECT... INTO OUTFILE and LOAD DATA INFILE.
INDEX	Allows use of CREATE INDEX and DROP INDEX.
INSERT	Allows use of INSERT.
LOCK TABLES	Allows use of LOCK TABLES on tables for which the user also has SELECT privileges.
PROCESS	Allows use of SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST.
RELOAD	Allows use of FLUSH.
REPLICATION	Allows the user to ask where slave or master
CLIENT	servers are.
REPLICATION SLAVE	Needed for replication slaves.
SELECT	Allows use of SELECT.
SHOW DATABASES	Allows use of SHOW DATABASES.
SHOW VIEW	Allows use of SHOW CREATE VIEW.
SHUTDOWN	Allows use of mysqladmin shutdown.
SUPER	Allows use of CHANGE MASTER, KILL, PURGE MASTER LOGS, and SET GLOBAL SQL statements. Allows mysqladmin debug command. Allows one extra connection to be made if maximum connections are reached.
UPDATE	Allows use of UPDATE.
USAGE	Allows connection without any specific privileges.