Observer Pattern 模式

结构

代码

using System;
using System.Collections;

namespace ExempleObserver
{
 /// <summary>
 /// Subject 的摘要说明。
 /// </summary>
 interface Subject
 {
  // Methods
  void Attach( Observer observer );
  void Detach( Observer observer );
  void Notify();
 }

 // "ConcreteSubject"
 class ConcreteSubject : Subject
 {
  // Fields
  private ArrayList observers = new ArrayList();

  // Methods
  public void Attach( Observer observer )
  {
   observers.Add( observer );
  }

  public void Detach( Observer observer )
  {
   observers.Remove( observer );
  }

  public void Notify()
  {
   foreach( Observer o in observers )
    o.Update();
  }

  // Fields
  private string subjectState;

  // Properties
  public string SubjectState
  {
   get{ return subjectState; }
   set{ subjectState = value; }
  }
 }

 // "Observer"
 interface Observer
 {
  // Methods
  void Update();
 }

 // "ConcreteObserver"
 class ConcreteObserver : Observer
 {
  // Fields
  private string name;
  private string observerState;
  private ConcreteSubject subject;

  // Constructors
  public ConcreteObserver( ConcreteSubject subject, string name )
  {
   this.subject = subject;
   this.name = name;
  }

  // Methods
  public void Update()
  {
   observerState = subject.SubjectState;
   Console.WriteLine( "Observer {0}'s new state is {1}", name, observerState );
  }

  // Properties
  public ConcreteSubject Subject
  {
   get { return subject; }
   set { subject = value; }
  }
 }

 /// <summary>
 /// Class1 的摘要说明。
 /// </summary>
 class FormMain
 {
  /// <summary>
  /// 应用程序的主入口点。
  /// </summary>
  [STAThread]
  static void Main(string[] args)
  {
   //
   // TODO: 在此处添加代码以启动应用程序
   //

   // Configure Observer structure
   ConcreteSubject s = new ConcreteSubject();
   s.Attach( new ConcreteObserver( s, "1" ) );
   s.Attach( new ConcreteObserver( s, "2" ) );
   s.Attach( new ConcreteObserver( s, "3" ) );

   // Change subject and notify observers
   s.SubjectState = "ABC";
   s.Notify();
  }
 }
}