JavaMail学习笔记（七）帐号激活与忘记密码 实例

 

一、帐户激活

          在很多时候，在某些网站注册一个用户之后，网站会给这个用户注册时填写的email地址发送一封帐户激活邮件，这封邮件的内容就是一个激活帐户的链接和一段简短的文字描述，如果用户没有去邮箱将帐户激活，可能在使用网站的某些功能时就会受到限制，比如不能发贴、下载资料、评论等限制。这么做的原因应该是为了保证帐户的安全性和邮箱的有效性，以后网站如果有什么活动、资讯或系统安全通知等，可以在第一时间通知到用户。比如我在奇艺视频网站注册一个帐号之后，它就会往我注册时填写的邮箱中发一封帐户激活的邮件，邮件中有一个激活的链接，点击它就可以将你的帐户激活。如下图所示：

这个功能是怎么做到的呢，其实实现也是很简单的，说白了就是一个Update操作。

实现思路：当一个用户注册成功之后，系统向用户注册时提供的email地址发送一封邮件，邮件的内容是一个激活帐户的链接和一段简短的文字描述，这个链接的功能就是将这个帐户的状态修改成激活状态。这个功能的重点在于如何生成这个激活帐户的链接。直接可以联想到的方法就是建一个Servlet，Servlet接收一个用户名参数，Servlet拿到用户名参数之后，到数据库把这条记录load出来，做一次update操作即可。但是这样做会有风险，比如有人想在你的网站上搞破坏，注册时他填的email地址就是乱填的，这个Email地址可能根本就收不到邮件（但符合email格式），注册完成之后，然后在浏览器地址栏输入网站之前发送的帐户激活链接，并加上新注册的用户名参数，这样一来就跳过了去邮箱激活的步聚，时间久了，库中可能会留下许多无效的email地址和帐户。为了避免这个问题，解决方案是在用户注册成功之后，在发送激活帐户的链接中加一个随机码，这个随机码是将用户名和一个随机数用md5加密后的一串16进制字符串，每次用户在激活帐户的时候，都验证这个随机码是否和注册时发送的一致，这样就可以避免人为的修改激活链接达到帐户激活的功能。

二、忘记密码

          当你在某网站注册一个帐户之后，发现这个帐户很久没用了，密码也忘记了，如果还记得之前注册时填写的Email，那就可以向你的email中发一个重设密码的链接，就可以重新设置你的密码。大部份网站一般都提供了根据Email找回密码的功能。实现此功能的思路：在登录界面添加一个“忘记密码“的链接，用户点击进去之后，输入用户名或Email，系统根据用户名或Email找出用户信息，并生成一个重新设置密码的链接发送到用户的邮箱中（生成链接的方式和生成帐户激活链接的方式一样），用户在邮箱中点击重设密码的链接，根据提示进入密码重设页面，重新输入新的密码即可。

功能实现步聚（帐号激活）：

1、用户注册页面

[html] view plain copy print ?

1. <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/register" method="post"> 
2.     用户名：<input type="text" name="userName" value="${param.userName}"><span class="error">${errors.userName}</span><br/> 
3.     密码：<input type="password" name="password" ><span class="error">${errors.password}</span><br/> 
4.     确认密码：<input type="password" name="password2"><span class="error">${errors.password2}</span><br/> 
5.     email：<input type="text" name="email" value="${param.email}"><span class="error">${errors.email}</span><br/> 
6.     <input type="submit" value="注册"> 
7. </form> 

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/register" method="post">
	用户名：<input type="text" name="userName" value="${param.userName}"><span class="error">${errors.userName}</span><br/>
	密码：<input type="password" name="password" ><span class="error">${errors.password}</span><br/>
	确认密码：<input type="password" name="password2"><span class="error">${errors.password2}</span><br/>
	email：<input type="text" name="email" value="${param.email}"><span class="error">${errors.email}</span><br/>
	<input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>

2、处理注册请求的Servlet（RegisterServlet）

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. package org.study.accountactivate.web.servlet; 
2.  
3. import java.io.IOException; 
4. import java.util.HashMap; 
5. import java.util.Map; 
6.  
7. import javax.servlet.ServletException; 
8. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 
9. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 
10. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 
11.  
12. import org.study.accountactivate.dao.UserDao; 
13. import org.study.accountactivate.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl; 
14. import org.study.accountactivate.domail.User; 
15. import org.study.accountactivate.util.EmailUtils; 
16.  
17. /**
18. * 用户注册
19. */ 
20. public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet { 
21.     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; 
22.      
23.     private UserDao userDao = UserDaoImpl.getInstance(); 
24.         
25.     protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { 
26.         doPost(request, response); 
27.     } 
28.  
29.     protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { 
30.         String userName = request.getParameter("userName"); 
31.         String password = request.getParameter("password"); 
32.         String password2 = request.getParameter("password2"); 
33.         String email = request.getParameter("email"); 
34.          
35.         Map<String, String> errors = new HashMap<String,String>(); 
36.         if (userName == null || "".equals(userName)) { 
37.             errors.put("userName", "用户名不能为空!"); 
38.         } else if (userName != null && userDao.findUserByName(userName) != null) { 
39.             errors.put("userName", "该用户已注册!"); 
40.         } 
41.          
42.         if (password == null || "".equals(password)) { 
43.             errors.put("password","密码不能为空!"); 
44.         } else if (password != null && password.length() < 3) { 
45.             errors.put("password","密码长度不能低于3位!"); 
46.         } 
47.          
48.         if (password2 == null || "".equals(password2)) { 
49.             errors.put("password2", "确认密码不能为空!"); 
50.         } else if (password2 != null && !password2.equals(password)) { 
51.             errors.put("password2", "两次输入的密码不一致!"); 
52.         } 
53.          
54.         if (email == null || "".equals(email)) { 
55.             errors.put("email", "email不能为空!"); 
56.              
57.         } else if (email != null && !email.matches("[0-9a-zA-Z_-]+@[0-9a-zA-Z_-]+\\.[0-9a-zA-Z_-]+(\\.[0-9a-zA-Z_-])*")) { 
58.             errors.put("email", "email格式不正确!"); 
59.         } 
60.          
61.         if (!errors.isEmpty()) { 
62.             request.setAttribute("errors", errors); 
63.             request.getRequestDispatcher("/registerUI").forward(request, response); 
64.             return; 
65.         } 
66.          
67.         User user = new User(); 
68.         user.setUserName(userName); 
69.         user.setPassword(password); 
70.         user.setEmail(email); 
71.         user.setActivated(false); 
72.          
73.         userDao.addUser(user); 
74.          
75.         // 注册成功后,发送帐户激活链接 
76.         EmailUtils.sendAccountActivateEmail(user); 
77.          
78.         // 注册成功直接将当前用户保存到session中 
79.         request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user); 
80.         request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/registerSuccess.jsp").forward(request,response); 
81.     } 
82. } 

package org.study.accountactivate.web.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.study.accountactivate.dao.UserDao;
import org.study.accountactivate.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl;
import org.study.accountactivate.domail.User;
import org.study.accountactivate.util.EmailUtils;

/**
 * 用户注册
 */
public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	
	private UserDao userDao = UserDaoImpl.getInstance();
       
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doPost(request, response);
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		String userName = request.getParameter("userName");
		String password = request.getParameter("password");
		String password2 = request.getParameter("password2");
		String email = request.getParameter("email");
		
		Map<String, String> errors = new HashMap<String,String>();
		if (userName == null || "".equals(userName)) {
			errors.put("userName", "用户名不能为空!");
		} else if (userName != null && userDao.findUserByName(userName) != null) {
			errors.put("userName", "该用户已注册!");
		}
		
		if (password == null || "".equals(password)) {
			errors.put("password","密码不能为空!");
		} else if (password != null && password.length() < 3) {
			errors.put("password","密码长度不能低于3位!");
		}
		
		if (password2 == null || "".equals(password2)) {
			errors.put("password2", "确认密码不能为空!");
		} else if (password2 != null && !password2.equals(password)) {
			errors.put("password2", "两次输入的密码不一致!");
		}
		
		if (email == null || "".equals(email)) {
			errors.put("email", "email不能为空!");
			
		} else if (email != null && !email.matches("[0-9a-zA-Z_-]+@[0-9a-zA-Z_-]+\\.[0-9a-zA-Z_-]+(\\.[0-9a-zA-Z_-])*")) {
			errors.put("email", "email格式不正确!");
		}
		
		if (!errors.isEmpty()) {
			request.setAttribute("errors", errors);
			request.getRequestDispatcher("/registerUI").forward(request, response);
			return;
		}
		
		User user = new User();
		user.setUserName(userName);
		user.setPassword(password);
		user.setEmail(email);
		user.setActivated(false);
		
		userDao.addUser(user);
		
		// 注册成功后,发送帐户激活链接
		EmailUtils.sendAccountActivateEmail(user);
		
		// 注册成功直接将当前用户保存到session中
		request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user);
		request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/registerSuccess.jsp").forward(request,response);
	}
}

3、激活帐户的Servlet（ActivateAccountServle）

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. package org.study.accountactivate.web.servlet; 
2.  
3. import java.io.IOException; 
4. import javax.servlet.ServletException; 
5. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 
6. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 
7. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 
8.  
9. import org.study.accountactivate.dao.UserDao; 
10. import org.study.accountactivate.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl; 
11. import org.study.accountactivate.domail.User; 
12. import org.study.accountactivate.util.GenerateLinkUtils; 
13.  
14. /**
15. * 帐户激活
16. */ 
17. public class ActivateAccountServlet extends HttpServlet { 
18.     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; 
19.         
20.     protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { 
21.         String idValue = request.getParameter("id"); 
22.         int id = -1; 
23.         try { 
24.             id = Integer.parseInt(idValue); 
25.         } catch (NumberFormatException e) { 
26.             throw new RuntimeException("无效的用户！"); 
27.         } 
28.         UserDao userDao = UserDaoImpl.getInstance(); 
29.         User user = userDao.findUserById(id);// 得到要激活的帐户 
30.         user.setActivated(GenerateLinkUtils.verifyCheckcode(user, request));// 校验验证码是否和注册时发送的一致，以此设置是否激活该帐户 
31.         userDao.updateUser(user); 
32.          
33.         request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user); 
34.          
35.         request.getRequestDispatcher("/accountActivateUI").forward(request, response); 
36.     } 
37.  
38.     protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { 
39.         doGet(request, response); 
40.     } 
41. } 

package org.study.accountactivate.web.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.study.accountactivate.dao.UserDao;
import org.study.accountactivate.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl;
import org.study.accountactivate.domail.User;
import org.study.accountactivate.util.GenerateLinkUtils;

/**
 * 帐户激活
 */
public class ActivateAccountServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		String idValue = request.getParameter("id");
		int id = -1;
		try {
			id = Integer.parseInt(idValue);
		} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
			throw new RuntimeException("无效的用户！");
		}
		UserDao userDao = UserDaoImpl.getInstance();
		User user = userDao.findUserById(id);// 得到要激活的帐户
		user.setActivated(GenerateLinkUtils.verifyCheckcode(user, request));// 校验验证码是否和注册时发送的一致，以此设置是否激活该帐户
		userDao.updateUser(user);
		
		request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user);
		
		request.getRequestDispatcher("/accountActivateUI").forward(request, response);
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}
}

4、操作用户的DAO接口与实现类（UserDao和UserDaoImpl类）

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. package org.study.accountactivate.dao; 
2.  
3. import org.study.accountactivate.domail.User; 
4.  
5. public interface UserDao { 
6.  
7.     void addUser(User user); 
8.      
9.     void updateUser(User user); 
10.      
11.     User findUserById(int id); 
12.      
13.     User findUserByName(String userName); 
14.      
15.     User findUserByNameOrEmail(String nameOrEmail); 
16. } 
17.  
18. package org.study.accountactivate.dao.impl; 
19.  
20. import java.util.Collection; 
21. import java.util.HashMap; 
22. import java.util.Iterator; 
23. import java.util.Map; 
24. import java.util.UUID; 
25.  
26. import org.study.accountactivate.dao.UserDao; 
27. import org.study.accountactivate.domail.User; 
28.  
29. public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao { 
30.      
31.     private static UserDaoImpl instance = new UserDaoImpl(); 
32.      
33.     private UserDaoImpl() {} 
34.      
35.     public static UserDaoImpl getInstance() { 
36.         return instance; 
37.     } 
38.      
39.     Map<Integer,User> users = new HashMap<Integer, User>(); 
40.      
41.     int nextId = 1; 
42.  
43.     @Override 
44.     public void addUser(User user) { 
45.         user.setId(nextId++); 
46.         user.setRandomCode(UUID.randomUUID().toString()); 
47.         users.put(user.getId(), user); 
48.     } 
49.  
50.     @Override 
51.     public void updateUser(User user) { 
52.         users.put(user.getId(), user); 
53.     } 
54.  
55.     @Override 
56.     public User findUserById(int id) { 
57.         return users.get(id); 
58.     } 
59.  
60.     @Override 
61.     public User findUserByName(String userName) { 
62.         Collection<User> userValues = users.values(); 
63.         for (Iterator<User> iterator = userValues.iterator();iterator.hasNext();) { 
64.             User user = iterator.next(); 
65.             if (user.getUserName().equals(userName)) { 
66.                 return user; 
67.             } 
68.         } 
69.         return null; 
70.     } 
71.  
72.     @Override 
73.     public User findUserByNameOrEmail(String nameOrEmail) { 
74.         Collection<User> userValues = users.values(); 
75.         for(Iterator<User> iterator = userValues.iterator();iterator.hasNext();) { 
76.             User user = iterator.next(); 
77.             if (user.getEmail().equals(nameOrEmail) || user.getUserName().equals(nameOrEmail)) { 
78.                 return user; 
79.             } 
80.         } 
81.         return null; 
82.     } 
83. } 

package org.study.accountactivate.dao;

import org.study.accountactivate.domail.User;

public interface UserDao {

	void addUser(User user);
	
	void updateUser(User user);
	
	User findUserById(int id);
	
	User findUserByName(String userName);
	
	User findUserByNameOrEmail(String nameOrEmail);
}

package org.study.accountactivate.dao.impl;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;

import org.study.accountactivate.dao.UserDao;
import org.study.accountactivate.domail.User;

public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
	
	private static UserDaoImpl instance = new UserDaoImpl();
	
	private UserDaoImpl() {}
	
	public static UserDaoImpl getInstance() {
		return instance;
	}
	
	Map<Integer,User> users = new HashMap<Integer, User>();
	
	int nextId = 1;

	@Override
	public void addUser(User user) {
		user.setId(nextId++);
		user.setRandomCode(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
		users.put(user.getId(), user);
	}

	@Override
	public void updateUser(User user) {
		users.put(user.getId(), user);
	}

	@Override
	public User findUserById(int id) {
		return users.get(id);
	}

	@Override
	public User findUserByName(String userName) {
		Collection<User> userValues = users.values();
		for (Iterator<User> iterator = userValues.iterator();iterator.hasNext();) {
			User user = iterator.next();
			if (user.getUserName().equals(userName)) {
				return user;
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public User findUserByNameOrEmail(String nameOrEmail) {
		Collection<User> userValues = users.values();
		for(Iterator<User> iterator = userValues.iterator();iterator.hasNext();) {
			User user = iterator.next();
			if (user.getEmail().equals(nameOrEmail) || user.getUserName().equals(nameOrEmail)) {
				return user;
			}
		}
		return null;
	}
}

5、发送Email的工具类（EmailUtils，用于发送帐户激活链接和密码重置链接）

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. package org.study.accountactivate.util; 
2.  
3. import java.io.IOException; 
4. import java.io.InputStream; 
5. import java.util.Date; 
6. import java.util.Properties; 
7.  
8. import javax.mail.Authenticator; 
9. import javax.mail.Message.RecipientType; 
10. import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication; 
11. import javax.mail.Session; 
12. import javax.mail.Transport; 
13. import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; 
14. import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; 
15.  
16. import org.study.accountactivate.domail.User; 
17.  
18. public class EmailUtils { 
19.      
20.     private static final String FROM = "xyang81@163.com"; 
21.  
22.     /**
23.      * 注册成功后,向用户发送帐户激活链接的邮件
24.      * @param user 未激活的用户
25.      */ 
26.     public static void sendAccountActivateEmail(User user) { 
27.         Session session = getSession(); 
28.         MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session); 
29.         try { 
30.             message.setSubject("帐户激活邮件"); 
31.             message.setSentDate(new Date()); 
32.             message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(FROM)); 
33.             message.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(user.getEmail())); 
34.             message.setContent("<a href='" + GenerateLinkUtils.generateActivateLink(user)+"'>点击激活帐户</a>","text/html;charset=utf-8"); 
35.             // 发送邮件 
36.             Transport.send(message); 
37.         } catch (Exception e) { 
38.             e.printStackTrace(); 
39.         } 
40.     } 
41.      
42.     /**
43.      * 发送重设密码链接的邮件
44.      */ 
45.     public static void sendResetPasswordEmail(User user) { 
46.         Session session = getSession(); 
47.         MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session); 
48.         try { 
49.             message.setSubject("找回您的帐户与密码"); 
50.             message.setSentDate(new Date()); 
51.             message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(FROM)); 
52.             message.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(user.getEmail())); 
53.             message.setContent("要使用新的密码, 请使用以下链接启用密码:<br/><a href='" + GenerateLinkUtils.generateResetPwdLink(user) +"'>点击重新设置密码</a>","text/html;charset=utf-8"); 
54.             // 发送邮件 
55.             Transport.send(message); 
56.         } catch (Exception e) { 
57.             e.printStackTrace(); 
58.         } 
59.     } 
60.      
61.     public static Session getSession() { 
62.         Properties props = new Properties(); 
63.         props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp"); 
64.         props.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.163.com"); 
65.         props.setProperty("mail.smtp.port", "25"); 
66.         props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); 
67.         Session session = Session.getInstance(props, new Authenticator() { 
68.             @Override 
69.             protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() { 
70.                 String password = null; 
71.                 InputStream is = EmailUtils.class.getResourceAsStream("password.dat"); 
72.                 byte[] b = new byte[1024]; 
73.                 try { 
74.                     int len = is.read(b); 
75.                     password = new String(b,0,len); 
76.                 } catch (IOException e) { 
77.                     e.printStackTrace(); 
78.                 } 
79.                 return new PasswordAuthentication(FROM, password); 
80.             } 
81.              
82.         }); 
83.         return session; 
84.     } 
85. } 

package org.study.accountactivate.util;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.Message.RecipientType;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import org.study.accountactivate.domail.User;

public class EmailUtils {
	
	private static final String FROM = "xyang81@163.com";

	/**
	 * 注册成功后,向用户发送帐户激活链接的邮件
	 * @param user 未激活的用户
	 */
	public static void sendAccountActivateEmail(User user) {
		Session session = getSession();
		MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
		try {
			message.setSubject("帐户激活邮件");
			message.setSentDate(new Date());
			message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(FROM));
			message.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(user.getEmail()));
			message.setContent("<a href='" + GenerateLinkUtils.generateActivateLink(user)+"'>点击激活帐户</a>","text/html;charset=utf-8");
			// 发送邮件
			Transport.send(message);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 发送重设密码链接的邮件
	 */
	public static void sendResetPasswordEmail(User user) {
		Session session = getSession();
		MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
		try {
			message.setSubject("找回您的帐户与密码");
			message.setSentDate(new Date());
			message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(FROM));
			message.setRecipient(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(user.getEmail()));
			message.setContent("要使用新的密码, 请使用以下链接启用密码:<br/><a href='" + GenerateLinkUtils.generateResetPwdLink(user) +"'>点击重新设置密码</a>","text/html;charset=utf-8");
			// 发送邮件
			Transport.send(message);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public static Session getSession() {
		Properties props = new Properties();
		props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
		props.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.163.com");
		props.setProperty("mail.smtp.port", "25");
		props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
		Session session = Session.getInstance(props, new Authenticator() {
			@Override
			protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
				String password = null;
				InputStream is = EmailUtils.class.getResourceAsStream("password.dat");
				byte[] b = new byte[1024];
				try {
					int len = is.read(b);
					password = new String(b,0,len);
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
				return new PasswordAuthentication(FROM, password);
			}
			
		});
		return session;
	}
}

6、生成帐户激活、密码重设链接的工具类（GenerateLinkUtils）

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. package org.study.accountactivate.util; 
2.  
3. import java.security.MessageDigest; 
4. import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; 
5.  
6. import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; 
7.  
8. import org.study.accountactivate.domail.User; 
9.  
10. /**
11. * 生成帐户激活、重新设置密码的链接
12. */ 
13. public class GenerateLinkUtils { 
14.      
15.     private static final String CHECK_CODE = "checkCode"; 
16.      
17.     /**
18.      * 生成帐户激活链接
19.      */ 
20.     public static String generateActivateLink(User user) { 
21.         return "http://localhost:8080/AccountActivate/activateAccount?id="  
22.                 + user.getId() + "&" + CHECK_CODE + "=" + generateCheckcode(user); 
23.     } 
24.      
25.     /**
26.      * 生成重设密码的链接
27.      */ 
28.     public static String generateResetPwdLink(User user) { 
29.         return "http://localhost:8080/AccountActivate/resetPasswordUI?userName="  
30.                 + user.getUserName() + "&" + CHECK_CODE + "=" + generateCheckcode(user); 
31.     } 
32.      
33.     /**
34.      * 生成验证帐户的MD5校验码
35.      * @param user  要激活的帐户
36.      * @return 将用户名和密码组合后，通过md5加密后的16进制格式的字符串
37.      */ 
38.     public static String generateCheckcode(User user) { 
39.         String userName = user.getUserName(); 
40.         String randomCode = user.getRandomCode(); 
41.         return md5(userName + ":" + randomCode); 
42.     } 
43.      
44.     /**
45.      * 验证校验码是否和注册时发送的验证码一致
46.      * @param user 要激活的帐户
47.      * @param checkcode 注册时发送的校验码
48.      * @return 如果一致返回true，否则返回false
49.      */ 
50.     public static boolean verifyCheckcode(User user,ServletRequest request) { 
51.         String checkCode = request.getParameter(CHECK_CODE); 
52.         return generateCheckcode(user).equals(checkCode); 
53.     } 
54.  
55.     private static String md5(String string) { 
56.         MessageDigest md = null; 
57.         try { 
58.             md = MessageDigest.getInstance("md5"); 
59.             md.update(string.getBytes()); 
60.             byte[] md5Bytes = md.digest(); 
61.             return bytes2Hex(md5Bytes); 
62.         } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { 
63.             e.printStackTrace(); 
64.         } 
65.          
66.         return null; 
67.     } 
68.      
69.     private static String bytes2Hex(byte[] byteArray) 
70.     { 
71.         StringBuffer strBuf = new StringBuffer(); 
72.         for (int i = 0; i < byteArray.length; i++) 
73.         { 
74.             if(byteArray[i] >= 0 && byteArray[i] < 16) 
75.             { 
76.                 strBuf.append("0"); 
77.             } 
78.             strBuf.append(Integer.toHexString(byteArray[i] & 0xFF)); 
79.         } 
80.         return strBuf.toString(); 
81.     } 
82. } 

package org.study.accountactivate.util;

import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;

import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;

import org.study.accountactivate.domail.User;

/**
 * 生成帐户激活、重新设置密码的链接
 */
public class GenerateLinkUtils {
	
	private static final String CHECK_CODE = "checkCode";
	
	/**
	 * 生成帐户激活链接
	 */
	public static String generateActivateLink(User user) {
		return "http://localhost:8080/AccountActivate/activateAccount?id=" 
				+ user.getId() + "&" + CHECK_CODE + "=" + generateCheckcode(user);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 生成重设密码的链接
	 */
	public static String generateResetPwdLink(User user) {
		return "http://localhost:8080/AccountActivate/resetPasswordUI?userName=" 
				+ user.getUserName() + "&" + CHECK_CODE + "=" + generateCheckcode(user);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 生成验证帐户的MD5校验码
	 * @param user  要激活的帐户
	 * @return 将用户名和密码组合后，通过md5加密后的16进制格式的字符串
	 */
	public static String generateCheckcode(User user) {
		String userName = user.getUserName();
		String randomCode = user.getRandomCode();
		return md5(userName + ":" + randomCode);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 验证校验码是否和注册时发送的验证码一致
	 * @param user 要激活的帐户
	 * @param checkcode 注册时发送的校验码
	 * @return 如果一致返回true，否则返回false
	 */
	public static boolean verifyCheckcode(User user,ServletRequest request) {
		String checkCode = request.getParameter(CHECK_CODE);
		return generateCheckcode(user).equals(checkCode);
	}

	private static String md5(String string) {
		MessageDigest md = null;
		try {
			md = MessageDigest.getInstance("md5");
			md.update(string.getBytes());
			byte[] md5Bytes = md.digest();
			return bytes2Hex(md5Bytes);
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		return null;
	}
	
	private static String bytes2Hex(byte[] byteArray)
	{
		StringBuffer strBuf = new StringBuffer();
		for (int i = 0; i < byteArray.length; i++)
		{
			if(byteArray[i] >= 0 && byteArray[i] < 16)
			{
				strBuf.append("0");
			}
			strBuf.append(Integer.toHexString(byteArray[i] & 0xFF));
		}
		return strBuf.toString();
	}
}

7、实体类（User）

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. package org.study.accountactivate.domail; 
2.  
3. public class User { 
4.     // 编号 
5.     private int id; 
6.     // 用户名 
7.     private String userName; 
8.     // 密码 
9.     private String password; 
10.     // email 
11.     private String email; 
12.     // 是否激活 
13.     private boolean activated; 
14.     // 随机码(激活帐户与生成重设密码链接时使用) 
15.     private String randomCode; 
16.      
17.     public int getId() { 
18.         return id; 
19.     } 
20.     public void setId(int id) { 
21.         this.id = id; 
22.     } 
23.     public String getUserName() { 
24.         return userName; 
25.     } 
26.     public void setUserName(String userName) { 
27.         this.userName = userName; 
28.     } 
29.     public String getPassword() { 
30.         return password; 
31.     } 
32.     public void setPassword(String password) { 
33.         this.password = password; 
34.     } 
35.     public boolean isActivated() { 
36.         return activated; 
37.     } 
38.     public void setActivated(boolean activated) { 
39.         this.activated = activated; 
40.     } 
41.     public String getRandomCode() { 
42.         return randomCode; 
43.     } 
44.     public void setRandomCode(String randomCode) { 
45.         this.randomCode = randomCode; 
46.     } 
47.     public String getEmail() { 
48.         return email; 
49.     } 
50.     public void setEmail(String email) { 
51.         this.email = email; 
52.     } 
53.  
54. } 

package org.study.accountactivate.domail;

public class User {
	// 编号
	private int id;
	// 用户名
	private String userName;
	// 密码
	private String password;
	// email
	private String email;
	// 是否激活
	private boolean activated;
	// 随机码(激活帐户与生成重设密码链接时使用)
	private String randomCode;
	
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getUserName() {
		return userName;
	}
	public void setUserName(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	public boolean isActivated() {
		return activated;
	}
	public void setActivated(boolean activated) {
		this.activated = activated;
	}
	public String getRandomCode() {
		return randomCode;
	}
	public void setRandomCode(String randomCode) {
		this.randomCode = randomCode;
	}
	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}
	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}

}

功能实现步骤（忘记密码）：

1、登录页面

[html] view plain copy print ?

1. <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login" method="post"> 
2.     <span class="error" style="display: block;">${errors.loginError}</span> 
3.     用户名：<input type="text" name="userName" value="${param.userName}"><span class="error">${errors.userName}</span><br/> 
4.     密码：<input type="password" name="password"><span class="error">${errors.password}</span><br/> 
5.     <input type="submit" value="登录">  
6.     <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/forgotPwdUI">忘记密码？</a>  
7.     <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/registerUI">注册</a> 
8. </form> 

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login" method="post">
	<span class="error" style="display: block;">${errors.loginError}</span>
	用户名：<input type="text" name="userName" value="${param.userName}"><span class="error">${errors.userName}</span><br/>
	密码：<input type="password" name="password"><span class="error">${errors.password}</span><br/>
	<input type="submit" value="登录"> 
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/forgotPwdUI">忘记密码？</a> 
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/registerUI">注册</a>
</form>

2、发送重设密码申请的页面

[html] view plain copy print ?

1. <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/forgotPwd" method="post"> 
2.     <span style="color: red">${requestScope.sendMailMsg}</span> 
3.     用户名/邮箱：<input type="text" name="userNameOrEmail" /><span style="color: red">${requestScope.errorMsg}</span><br/> 
4.     <input type="submit" value="提交" /><a href=""></a> 
5. </form> 

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/forgotPwd" method="post">
	<span style="color: red">${requestScope.sendMailMsg}</span>
	用户名/邮箱：<input type="text" name="userNameOrEmail" /><span style="color: red">${requestScope.errorMsg}</span><br/>
	<input type="submit" value="提交" /><a href=""></a>
</form>

3、处理“发送重设密码链接“请求的Servlet（ForgotPwdServlet）

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. package org.study.accountactivate.web.servlet; 
2.  
3. import java.io.IOException; 
4. import javax.servlet.ServletException; 
5. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 
6. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 
7. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 
8.  
9. import org.study.accountactivate.dao.UserDao; 
10. import org.study.accountactivate.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl; 
11. import org.study.accountactivate.domail.User; 
12. import org.study.accountactivate.util.EmailUtils; 
13.  
14. /**
15. * 发送重设密码申请的链接
16. */ 
17. public class ForgotPwdServlet extends HttpServlet { 
18.      
19.     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; 
20.  
21.     protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { 
22.         String userNameOrEmail = request.getParameter("userNameOrEmail"); 
23.         UserDao userDao = UserDaoImpl.getInstance(); 
24.         User user = userDao.findUserByNameOrEmail(userNameOrEmail); 
25.         if (user == null) { 
26.             request.setAttribute("errorMsg", userNameOrEmail + "，不存在！"); 
27.             request.getRequestDispatcher("/forgotPwdUI").forward(request, response); 
28.             return; 
29.         } 
30.          
31.         // 发送重新设置密码的链接 
32.         EmailUtils.sendResetPasswordEmail(user); 
33.          
34.         request.setAttribute("sendMailMsg", "您的申请已提交成功，请查看您的"+user.getEmail()+"邮箱。"); 
35.          
36.         request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/forgotPwdSuccess.jsp").forward(request, response); 
37.     } 
38.  
39.     protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { 
40.         doGet(request, response); 
41.     } 
42. } 

package org.study.accountactivate.web.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.study.accountactivate.dao.UserDao;
import org.study.accountactivate.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl;
import org.study.accountactivate.domail.User;
import org.study.accountactivate.util.EmailUtils;

/**
 * 发送重设密码申请的链接
 */
public class ForgotPwdServlet extends HttpServlet {
	
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		String userNameOrEmail = request.getParameter("userNameOrEmail");
		UserDao userDao = UserDaoImpl.getInstance();
		User user = userDao.findUserByNameOrEmail(userNameOrEmail);
		if (user == null) {
			request.setAttribute("errorMsg", userNameOrEmail + "，不存在！");
			request.getRequestDispatcher("/forgotPwdUI").forward(request, response);
			return;
		}
		
		// 发送重新设置密码的链接
		EmailUtils.sendResetPasswordEmail(user);
		
		request.setAttribute("sendMailMsg", "您的申请已提交成功，请查看您的"+user.getEmail()+"邮箱。");
		
		request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/forgotPwdSuccess.jsp").forward(request, response);
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}
}

4、重新设置密码的页面

[html] view plain copy print ?

1. <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/resetPassword" method="post"> 
2.     <span class="error" style="display: block;">${errors.passwordError}</span> 
3.     用户名：<input type="text" name="userName" value="${userName}" readonly="readonly"/><br/> 
4.     新密码：<input type="password" name="newPassword" /><span class="error">${errors.newPassword }</span><br/> 
5.     确认新密码：<input type="password" name="newPassword2"/><span class="error">${errors.newPassword2 }</span><br/> 
6.     <input type="submit" value="修改" /> 
7. </form> 

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/resetPassword" method="post">
	<span class="error" style="display: block;">${errors.passwordError}</span>
	用户名：<input type="text" name="userName" value="${userName}" readonly="readonly"/><br/>
	新密码：<input type="password" name="newPassword" /><span class="error">${errors.newPassword }</span><br/>
	确认新密码：<input type="password" name="newPassword2"/><span class="error">${errors.newPassword2 }</span><br/>
	<input type="submit" value="修改" />
</form>

5、处理重新设置密码请求的Servlet（ResetPasswordServlet）

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. package org.study.accountactivate.web.servlet; 
2.  
3. import java.io.IOException; 
4. import java.util.HashMap; 
5. import java.util.Map; 
6.  
7. import javax.servlet.ServletException; 
8. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 
9. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 
10. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 
11.  
12. import org.study.accountactivate.dao.UserDao; 
13. import org.study.accountactivate.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl; 
14. import org.study.accountactivate.domail.User; 
15.  
16. /**
17. * 重新设置密码
18. */ 
19. public class ResetPasswordServlet extends HttpServlet { 
20.     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; 
21.         
22.     protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { 
23.         String userName = request.getParameter("userName"); 
24.         String newPassword = request.getParameter("newPassword"); 
25.         String newPassword2 = request.getParameter("newPassword2"); 
26.         Map<String,String> errors = new HashMap<String, String>(); 
27.         if (newPassword == null || "".equals(newPassword)) { 
28.             errors.put("newPassword", "新密码不能为空！"); 
29.         } 
30.          
31.         if (newPassword2 == null || "".equals(newPassword2)) { 
32.             errors.put("newPassword2", "确认新密码不能为空！"); 
33.         } 
34.          
35.         if (!newPassword.equals(newPassword2)) { 
36.             errors.put("passwordError", "两次输入的密码不一致！"); 
37.         } 
38.          
39.         if (!errors.isEmpty()) { 
40.             request.setAttribute("errors", errors); 
41.             request.getRequestDispatcher("/resetPasswordUI?userName=" + userName).forward(request, response); 
42.             return; 
43.         } 
44.          
45.         UserDao userDao = UserDaoImpl.getInstance(); 
46.         User user = userDao.findUserByName(userName); 
47.         user.setPassword(newPassword); 
48.          
49.         request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/resetPasswordSuccess.jsp").forward(request, response); 
50.          
51.     } 
52.  
53.     protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { 
54.         doGet(request, response); 
55.     } 
56. } 

package org.study.accountactivate.web.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.study.accountactivate.dao.UserDao;
import org.study.accountactivate.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl;
import org.study.accountactivate.domail.User;

/**
 * 重新设置密码
 */
public class ResetPasswordServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		String userName = request.getParameter("userName");
		String newPassword = request.getParameter("newPassword");
		String newPassword2 = request.getParameter("newPassword2");
		Map<String,String> errors = new HashMap<String, String>();
		if (newPassword == null || "".equals(newPassword)) {
			errors.put("newPassword", "新密码不能为空！");
		}
		
		if (newPassword2 == null || "".equals(newPassword2)) {
			errors.put("newPassword2", "确认新密码不能为空！");
		}
		
		if (!newPassword.equals(newPassword2)) {
			errors.put("passwordError", "两次输入的密码不一致！");
		}
		
		if (!errors.isEmpty()) {
			request.setAttribute("errors", errors);
			request.getRequestDispatcher("/resetPasswordUI?userName=" + userName).forward(request, response);
			return;
		}
		
		UserDao userDao = UserDaoImpl.getInstance();
		User user = userDao.findUserByName(userName);
		user.setPassword(newPassword);
		
		request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/resetPasswordSuccess.jsp").forward(request, response);
		
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}
}

帐户激活操作流程：

1）、注册页面

 

2）、注册成功页面

3）、帐户未激活，登录后的界面

4）、前往邮箱中激活帐户

5）、激活成功

6）、帐户已激活，登录后的界面

忘记密码操作流程：

1）、登录页面（点击“忘记密码”链接，进入重设密码页面）

2、重设密码申请页面（输入用户名或邮箱，点击“提交”按钮）

3、重设密码申请成功页面

4、邮箱中重设密码的链接

5、重新设置密码页面

6、密码重新设置成功页面