Pat 1001. A+B format

此题为两个数求和后进行格式化输出，因为没有超出Integer的表示范围，可以直接整数求和。

思路如下：

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
    String str = br.readLine();
    String[] strs = str.split(" ");
    int a = Integer.parseInt(strs[0]);
    int b = Integer.parseInt(strs[1]);
    int sum = a+b;
    if(sum<0){
      System.out.print("-");
      sum=-sum;
    }
	//格式化输出 if(sum>=1000000){
      System.out.printf("%d,%03d,%03d\n",sum/1000000,(sum/1000)%1000,sum%1000);
    }else if(sum>=1000){
      System.out.printf("%d,%03d\n",sum/1000,sum%1000);
    }else{
      System.out.printf("%d\n",sum);
    }
    return;  
  }
}

如果题目变一下，变为两个大数相加后格式化输出，这时就会超出Integer的表示范围。
所以需要转化为字符串相加减。思路如下：

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

public class Main {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		String str = br.readLine();
		String[] strs = str.split(" ");
		String str1 = strs[0];
		String str2 = strs[1];
		System.out.println(minusBigInteger(str1, str2));
		System.out.println(addBigInteger(str1, str2));
	}
	
	private static String addBigInteger(String str1,String str2){
		int i = str1.length()-1;
		int j = str2.length()-1;
		int takeOver =0;
		int sum;
		String result="";
		while(i>=0&&j>=0){
			sum = str1.charAt(i)-'0'+str2.charAt(j)-'0'+takeOver;
			if(sum>9){
				sum = sum%10;
				takeOver =1;
			}else{
				takeOver =0;
			}
			result+=(char)(sum+'0');
			i--;
			j--;
		}
		while(i>=0){
			if(takeOver>0){
				sum = str1.charAt(i)-'0'+takeOver;
				if(sum>9){
					sum = sum%10;
					takeOver =1;
				}else{
					takeOver =0;
				}
				result+=(char)(sum+'0');
			}else{
				result+=new StringBuffer(str1.substring(0, i+1)).reverse();
				break;
			}
			i--;
		}
		while(j>=0){
			if(takeOver>0){
				sum = str2.charAt(j)-'0'+takeOver;
				if(sum>9){
					sum = sum%10;
					takeOver =1;
				}else{
					takeOver =0;
				}
				result+=(char)(sum+'0');
			}else{
				result+=new StringBuffer(str2.substring(0, j+1)).reverse();
				
				break;
			}
			j--;
		}
		if(takeOver>0){
			result+=takeOver;
		}
		return new StringBuffer(result).reverse().toString();
	}

	private static String minusBigInteger(String str1,String str2){
		//始终为str1-str2
		int i=str1.length()-1;
		int j=str2.length()-1;
		String result ="";
		int takeOver=0;
		int sum;
		while(i>=0&&j>=0){
			sum=(str1.charAt(i)-'0')-(str2.charAt(j)-'0')-takeOver;
			if(sum<0){
				sum+=10;
				takeOver=1;
			}else{
				takeOver=0;
			}
			result+=(char)(sum+'0');
			i--;
			j--;
		}
		while(i>=0){
			if(takeOver>0){
				sum=str1.charAt(i)-'0'-takeOver;
				if(sum<0){
					sum+=10;
					takeOver=1;
				}else{
					takeOver=0;
				}
				result+=(char)(sum+'0');
			}else{
				result+=new StringBuffer(str1.substring(0, i)).reverse();
				break;
			}
			i--;
		}
		int k =result.length()-1;
		while(result.charAt(k)=='0'){
			k--;
		}
		result=result.substring(0, k+1);
		return new StringBuffer(result).reverse().toString();
	}
	
}

运行结果如下图