原文出自http://www.cnblogs.com/xuwenmin888/archive/2013/05/03/3057883.html
strcpy
函数名:
strcpy
功 能: 拷贝一个字符串到另一个
用 法:
char
*
strcpy
(
char
*destin,
char
*source);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
string[10];
char
*str1 =
"abcdefghi"
;
strcpy
(string, str1);
printf
(
"%s\n"
, string);
return
0;
}
|
strncpy
函数名:
strncpy
原型：
char
*
strncpy
(
char
*dest,
char
*src,
size_t
n);
功能：将字符串src中最多n个字符复制到字符数组dest中(它并不像
strcpy
一样遇到NULL才停止复制，而是等凑够n个字符才开始复制），返回指向dest的指针。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
string[10];
char
*str1 =
"abcdefghi"
;
strncpy
(string, str1,3);
printf
(
"%s\n"
, string);
return
0;
}
|
strcat
函数名:
strcat
功 能: 字符串拼接函数
用 法:
char
*
strcat
(
char
*destin,
char
*source);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
destination[25];
char
*blank =
" "
, *c =
"C++"
, *Borland =
"Borland"
;
strcpy
(destination, Borland);
strcat
(destination, blank);
strcat
(destination, c);
printf
(
"%s\n"
, destination);
return
0;
}
|
strchr
函数名:
strchr
功 能: 在一个串中查找给定字符的第一个匹配之处\
用 法:
char
*
strchr
(
char
*str,
char
c);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
string[15];
char
*ptr, c =
'r'
;
strcpy
(string,
"This is a string"
);
ptr =
strchr
(string, c);
if
(ptr)
printf
(
"The character %c is at position: %d\n"
, c, ptr-string);
else
printf
(
"The character was not found\n"
);
return
0;
}
|
strcmp
函数名:
strcmp
功 能: 串比较
用 法:
int
strcmp
(
char
*str1,
char
*str2);
看Asic码，str1>str2，返回值 > 0；两串相等，返回0
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
*buf1 =
"aaa"
, *buf2 =
"bbb"
, *buf3 =
"ccc"
;
int
ptr;
ptr =
strcmp
(buf2, buf1);
if
(ptr > 0)
printf
(
"buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n"
);
else
printf
(
"buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n"
);
ptr =
strcmp
(buf2, buf3);
if
(ptr > 0)
printf
(
"buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3\n"
);
else
printf
(
"buffer 2 is less than buffer 3\n"
);
return
0;
}
|
strnicmp
函数名: strnicmp
功 能: 将一个串中的一部分与另一个串比较, 不管大小写
用 法:
int
strnicmp(
char
*str1,
char
*str2, unsigned maxlen);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
*buf1 =
"BBB"
, *buf2 =
"bbb"
;
int
ptr;
ptr = strnicmp(buf2, buf1);
if
(ptr > 0)
printf
(
"buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n"
);
if
(ptr < 0)
printf
(
"buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n"
);
if
(ptr == 0)
printf
(
"buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n"
);
return
0;
}
|
strlen
函数名:
strlen
功能:
strlen
函数求的是字符串的长度，它求得方法是从字符串的首地址开始到遇到第一个
'\0'
停止计数,如果你只定义没有给它赋初值，这个结果是不定的，它会从字符串首地址一直记下去，直到遇到
'\0'
才会停止。
原型:
size_t
strlen
(
const
char
*s);
#include<stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int
main()
{
int
i=0;
char
*he =
"Hello,world"
;
i=
strlen
(he);
printf
(
"字符串长度为%d\n"
,i);
return
0;
}
//
运行结果：
字符串长度为11
|
strcspn
函数名:
strcspn
功 能: 在串中查找第一个给定字符集内容的段
用 法:
int
strcspn
(
char
*str1,
char
*str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
*string1 =
"1234567890"
;
char
*string2 =
"747DC8"
;
int
length;
length =
strcspn
(string1, string2);
printf
(
"Character where strings intersect is at position %d\n"
, length);
return
0;
}
|
strdup
函数名: strdup
功 能: 将串拷贝到新建的位置处
用 法:
char
*strdup(
char
*str);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
*dup_str, *string =
"abcde"
;
dup_str = strdup(string);
printf
(
"%s\n"
, dup_str);
free
(dup_str);
return
0;
}
|
stricmp
函数名:stricmp
功 能: 以大小写不敏感方式比较两个串
用 法:
int
stricmp(
char
*str1,
char
*str2);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
*buf1 =
"BBB"
, *buf2 =
"bbb"
;
int
ptr;
ptr = stricmp(buf2, buf1);
if
(ptr > 0)
printf
(
"buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n"
);
if
(ptr < 0)
printf
(
"buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n"
);
if
(ptr == 0)
printf
(
"buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n"
);
return
0;
}
|
strerror
函数名:
strerror
功 能: 返回指向错误信息字符串的指针
用 法:
char
*
strerror
(
int
errnum);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
*buffer;
buffer =
strerror
(
errno
);
printf
(
"Error: %s\n"
, buffer);
return
0;
}
|
strcmpi
函数名: strcmpi
功 能: 将一个串与另一个比较, 不管大小写
用 法:
int
strcmpi(
char
*str1,
char
*str2);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
*buf1 =
"BBB"
, *buf2 =
"bbb"
;
int
ptr;
ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);
if
(ptr > 0)
printf
(
"buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n"
);
if
(ptr < 0)
printf
(
"buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n"
);
if
(ptr == 0)
printf
(
"buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n"
);
return
0;
}
|
strnicmp
函数名: strnicmp
功 能: 不注重大小写地比较两个串
用 法:
int
strnicmp(
char
*str1,
char
*str2, unsigned maxlen);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
*buf1 =
"BBBccc"
, *buf2 =
"bbbccc"
;
int
ptr;
ptr = strnicmp(buf2, buf1, 3);
if
(ptr > 0)
printf
(
"buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n"
);
if
(ptr < 0)
printf
(
"buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n"
);
if
(ptr == 0)
printf
(
"buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n"
);
return
0;
}
|
strnset
函数名: strnset
功 能: 将一个字符串前n个字符都设为指定字符
用 法:
char
*strnset(
char
*str,
char
ch, unsigned n);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
*string =
"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
;
char
letter =
'x'
;
printf
(
"string before strnset: %s\n"
, string);
strnset(string, letter, 13);
printf
(
"string after strnset: %s\n"
, string);
return
0;
}
|
strpbrk
函数名:
strpbrk
功 能: 在串中查找给定字符集中的字符
用 法:
char
*
strpbrk
(
char
*str1,
char
*str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
*string1 =
"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
;
char
*string2 =
"onm"
;
char
*ptr;
ptr =
strpbrk
(string1, string2);
if
(ptr)
printf
(
"strpbrk found first character: %c\n"
, *ptr);
else
printf
(
"strpbrk didn't find character in set\n"
);
return
0;
}
|
strrchr
函数名:
strrchr
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符的最后一个出现
用 法:
char
*
strrchr
(
char
*str,
char
c);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
string[15];
char
*ptr, c =
'r'
;
strcpy
(string,
"This is a string"
);
ptr =
strrchr
(string, c);
if
(ptr)
printf
(
"The character %c is at position: %d\n"
, c, ptr-string);
else
printf
(
"The character was not found\n"
);
return
0;
}
|
strrev
函数名: strrev
功 能: 串倒转
用 法:
char
*strrev(
char
*str);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
*forward =
"string"
;
printf
(
"Before strrev(): %s\n"
, forward);
strrev(forward);
printf
(
"After strrev(): %s\n"
, forward);
return
0;
}
|
strset
函数名: strset
功 能: 将一个串中的所有字符都设为指定字符
用 法:
char
*strset(
char
*str,
char
c);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
string[10] =
"123456789"
;
char
symbol =
'c'
;
printf
(
"Before strset(): %s\n"
, string);
strset(string, symbol);
printf
(
"After strset(): %s\n"
, string);
return
0;
}
|
strstr
函数名:
strstr
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符串的第一次出现
用 法:
char
*
strstr
(
char
*str1,
char
*str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
*str1 =
"Borland International"
, *str2 =
"nation"
, *ptr;
ptr =
strstr
(str1, str2);
printf
(
"The substring is: %s\n"
, ptr);
return
0;
}
|
strtod
函数名:
strtod
功 能: 将字符串转换为
double
型值
用 法:
double
strtod
(
char
*str,
char
**endptr);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
input[80], *endptr;
double
value;
printf
(
"Enter a floating point number:"
);
gets
(input);
value =
strtod
(input, &endptr);
printf
(
"The string is %s the number is %lf\n"
, input, value);
return
0;
}
|
strtok
函数名:
strtok
功 能: 查找由在第二个串中指定的分界符分隔开的单词
用 法:
char
*
strtok
(
char
*str1,
char
*str2);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
input[16] =
"abc,d"
;
char
*p;
/* strtok places a NULL terminator
in front of the token, if found */
p =
strtok
(input,
","
);
if
(p)
printf
(
"%s\n"
, p);
/* A second call to strtok using a NULL
as the first parameter returns a pointer
to the character following the token */
p =
strtok
(NULL,
","
);
if
(p)
printf
(
"%s\n"
, p);
return
0;
}
|
strtol
函数名:
strtol
功 能: 将串转换为长整数
用 法:
long
strtol
(
char
*str,
char
**endptr,
int
base);
程序例:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
*string =
"87654321"
, *endptr;
long
lnumber;
/* strtol converts string to long integer */
lnumber =
strtol
(string, &endptr, 10);
printf
(
"string = %s long = %ld\n"
, string, lnumber);
return
0;
}
|
strupr
函数名:strupr
功 能: 将串中的小写字母转换为大写字母
用 法:
char
*strupr(
char
*str);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int
main(
void
)
{
char
string[ ] =
"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
, *ptr;
//定义为数组才能修改
/* converts string to upper case characters */
ptr = strupr(string);
printf
(
"%s\n"
, ptr);
return
0;
}
|
swab
函数名: swab
功 能: 交换字节
用 法:
void
swab (
char
*from,
char
*to,
int
nbytes);
程序例:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
char
source[15] =
"rFna koBlrna d"
;
char
target[15];
int
main(
void
)
{
swab(source, target,
strlen
(source));
printf
(
"This is target: %s\n"
, target);
return
0;
}
|
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