OC中自定义类的NSCopying实现的注意事项(isEqual & hash实现)

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本文介绍如何在Objective-C中自定义类，并实现NSCopying协议以支持对象复制，重写isEqual和hash方法确保对象比较的准确性。通过实例演示了自定义类在实际应用中的注意事项。

在OC中，如果自定义类，则要考虑赋值、持久化保存、保存到其它容器中等各种情况的对象复制和比较，下面是一个比较全面的自定义例子，在此仅作记录：

自定义类：

KeyValuePairs.h：

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface KeyValuePairs: NSObject <NSCopying>
@property (nonatomic,strong)NSString *identifier;
@property (nonatomic,strong)NSString *name;

@end

KeyValuePairs.m：

#import "KeyValuePairs.h"

@implementation KeyValuePairs

- (id)copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone
{
    KeyValuePairs *kvp = [[[self class] allocWithZone:zone] init];
    kvp.identifier = self.identifier;
    kvp.name = self.name;
    return kvp;
}

- (BOOL)isEqualToKeyValuePairs:(KeyValuePairs *)kvp{
    if (!kvp) {
        return NO;
    }
    BOOL haveEqualName = (!self.name && !kvp.name) || [self.name isEqualToString:kvp.name];
    BOOL haveEqualIdentifier = (!self.identifier && !kvp.identifier) || [self.identifier isEqualToString:kvp.identifier];
    
    return haveEqualName && haveEqualIdentifier;
}

#pragma mark -NSObject
-(BOOL)isEqual:(id)object{
    if (self == object) {
        return YES;
    }
    if (![object isKindOfClass:[KeyValuePairs class]]) {
        return NO;
    }
    return [self isEqualToKeyValuePairs:(KeyValuePairs *)object];
}

- (NSUInteger)hash {
    return [self.name hash] ^ [self.identifier hash];
}

@end

测试：

    NSMutableDictionary *namesWillUpdateDic = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
    NSMutableArray *names = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    for (int i = 0; i<1000; i++) {
        NSString *name = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d_zhangsan",i];
        NSString *identifier = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d_identifier",i];
        NSString *strObj = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d_strObj",i];
        KeyValuePairs *kvp = [[KeyValuePairs alloc] init];
        kvp.identifier = identifier;
        kvp.name = name;
        [namesWillUpdateDic setObject:strObj forKey:kvp];
        [names addObject:kvp];
    }
    
    for (int j = 0; j<1000; j++) {
        int index = arc4random()%1000;
        KeyValuePairs *kvp = [names objectAtIndex:index];
        NSString *strObj = [namesWillUpdateDic objectForKey:kvp];
        NSString *msg = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"index:%d,identifier:%@,email:%@,strObj:%@",index,kvp.identifier,kvp.name,strObj];
        NSLog(@"%@",msg);
    }

注意：

1、如果自定义类不实现NSCopying则无法进行持久化保存（到文件）、或错误赋值

2、如果自定义类不重写isEqual则默认使用内存地址比较两个对象，可能会出现意想不到的结果

3、isEqual和hash方法要同时重写，否则isEqual方法判断将不正确