一个简单的Hibernate例子

因为我的例子是连接Sql Server 2000的数据库。所以，你得首先安装好Sql Server 2000。然后创建一个student的数据库实例，并创建一张student_table的表。主要包括以下4个字段：
id varchar 32字节 主键
stuName varchar 10字节
cardId varchar 10字节
age int

如果你用的是Workshop或者是别的带有Hibernate数据库联接IDC工具的话，后面的工作就简单了。我们这里先来自己手动写一个。我先说以下，创建后的目录结构大致如下：
src(目录)
    BusinessManager(包)
        BM.java
    model(包)
        StudentTable.java
        StudentTable.Student.hbm.xml
    persistence(包)
        DAOImp.java
        HibernateUtil.java
    hibernate.cfg.xml
lib(目录)
    antlr-2.7.6.jar
    asm-attrs.jar
    asm.jar
    cglib-2.1.3.jar
    commons-collections-2.1.1.jar
    commons-lang-1.0.1.jar
    commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
    dom4j-1.6.1.jar
    ehcache-1.2.jar
    jta.jar
    log4j-1.2.11.jar
    msbase.jar
    mssqlserver.jar
    msutil.jar

上面已将需要的库文件都包含了，至于每个文件都是做什么的你可以去分别找一下资料了解一下。这里特别要说明的是最后那3个ms开头的文件，这是微软官方发布的用户java连接数据库的驱动文件，你可以去微软网站上下载。注意3个都必须加在进来。还有要提醒大家的是，不是拷贝到lib文件夹下就行了的，主要还是在eclipse的“项目-〉属性-〉构建路径-〉库”中，将这些库都加载进来，否则编译时会依然找不到这些库的。

 下面分别是源文件：

package  BusinessManager;

import  java.util.List;
import  persistence.DAOImp;
import  model.StudentTable;

public   class  BM
     ... {

        /** *//**
         * @param args
         */
        public static void main(String[] args)
            ...{
                // TODO 自动生成方法存根
//                新建学生
                StudentTable stu = new StudentTable();
                stu.setStuName("Tom");
                stu.setCardId("96021313");
                stu.setAge(30);
                DAOImp.createStu(stu);
                
//                修改学生
//                List list = DAOImp.getAllStu();
//                StudentTable stu = (StudentTable)list.get(0);
//                stu.setStuName("Jarry");
//                stu.setCardId("96031105");
//                if (stu.getAge() < 18)
//                    stu.setAge(18);
//                DAOImp.mdfStu(stu);
                
//                删除学生
//                List list = DAOImp.getAllStu();
//                StudentTable stu = (StudentTable)list.get(0);
//                DAOImp.delStu(stu.getId());
                
            }

    }

将注释处的内容逐个执行，实现对数据库的添加，修改，删除。注意修改和删除必须在数据库中有记录，否则会报告错误。

import  java.io.Serializable;
import  org.apache.commons.lang.builder.ToStringBuilder;

public   class  StudentTable   implements  Serializable  ... {
    //default serial version id, required for serializable classes.
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private String id;
    private Integer age;
    private String cardId;
    private String stuName;

    public StudentTable() ...{
    }

    public String getId() ...{
        return this.id;
    }
    public void setId(String id) ...{
        this.id = id;
    }

    public Integer getAge() ...{
        return this.age;
    }
    public void setAge(Integer age) ...{
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getCardId() ...{
        return this.cardId;
    }
    public void setCardId(String cardId) ...{
        this.cardId = cardId;
    }

    public String getStuName() ...{
        return this.stuName;
    }
    public void setStuName(String stuName) ...{
        this.stuName = stuName;
    }

    public String toString() ...{
        return new ToStringBuilder(this)
            .append("id", getId())
            .toString();
    }
}

package  persistence;

import  java.util.List;
import  model.StudentTable;
import  org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import  org.hibernate.Query;
import  org.hibernate.Session;
import  org.hibernate.Transaction;

public   class  DAOImp
     ... {
        static Session session = null;
        
        public static void createStu(StudentTable stu)
            ...{
                try
                    ...{
                        session  = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
                        System.out.println(session);
                        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
                        session.save(stu);
                        tx.commit();
                    }
                catch (HibernateException e)
                ...{
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                finally
                ...{
                    HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
                }
            }
        
        public static void delStu(String id)
            ...{
                try
                    ...{
                        session  = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
                        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
                        StudentTable stu = (StudentTable)session.get(StudentTable.class, id);
                        session.delete(stu);
                        tx.commit();
                    } catch (HibernateException e)
                    ...{
                        // TODO 自动生成 catch 块
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    } finally
                    ...{
                        HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
                    }
            }
        
        public static void mdfStu(StudentTable stu)
            ...{
                try
                    ...{
                        session  = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
                        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
                        session.update(stu);
                        tx.commit();
                    } catch (HibernateException e)
                    ...{
                        // TODO 自动生成 catch 块
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    } finally
                    ...{
                        HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
                    }
            }
        
        public static List getAllStu()
            ...{
                List list = null;
                try
                    ...{
                        session  = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
                        Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
                        Query q = session.createQuery("from StudentTable");
                        list = q.list();
                        tx.commit();
                    } catch (HibernateException e)
                    ...{
                        // TODO 自动生成 catch 块
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    } finally
                    ...{
                        HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
                    }
                return list;
            }
    }

package  persistence;

import  org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import  org.hibernate.Session;
import  org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import  org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public   class  HibernateUtil
     ... {
        private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;
        
        static 
        ...{
            try
            ...{
                sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
            }
            catch(HibernateException ex)
            ...{
                throw new RuntimeException("Exception building SessionFactory;" 
                        + ex.getMessage(), ex);
            }
        }
        
        public static Session currentSession() throws HibernateException
        ...{
            Session s = sessionFactory.openSession();
            return s;
        }
        
        public static void closeSession(Session s)
            ...{
                if (s != null)
                    s.close();
            }

    }

以下是两个xml的文件源码，
StudentTable.Student.hbm.xml

<? xml version="1.0" ?>
<! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >

< hibernate-mapping >
< class 
     name ="model.StudentTable"  
    table ="student_table"
    lazy ="false"
>
     < id
         name ="id"
        type ="string"
        column ="id"
        length ="32"
     >
         < generator  class ="uuid"   />
     </ id >
     < property
         name ="age"
        type ="integer"
        column ="age"
        length ="10"
     />
     < property
         name ="cardId"
        type ="string"
        column ="cardId"
        length ="10"
     />
     < property
         name ="stuName"
        type ="string"
        column ="stuName"
        length ="20"
     />

     <!--  Associations  -->

</ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >

HibernateUtil.cfg.xml

<! DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd" >

< hibernate-configuration >
     < session-factory >
         < property  name ="hibernate.dialect" > org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect </ property >
         < property  name ="hibernate.connection.driver_class" > com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver </ property >
         < property  name ="hibernate.connection.url" > jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://lmvs2003:1433;DatabaseName=student </ property >
         < property  name ="hibernate.connection.username" > sa </ property >
         < property  name ="hibernate.connection.password" > sa </ property >
         < mapping  resource ="model/StudentTable.Student.hbm.xml" />
     </ session-factory >
</ hibernate-configuration >