相信很多JAVA EE初学者在启动Tomcat时都曾出现过类似如图所示的错误提示。最让人无奈的是,控制台提示[AJAX3]项目启动失败,却不提示详细信息。这使得我们无法针对具体问题进行分析解决。到网上搜索,输入“项目启动失败”之类,范围又太大。我曾经为此浪费了不少时间。
我的建议是:使用MyEclipse中的Tomcat服务器启动项目,如果出现配置错误,则在MyEclipse的控制台中会显示具体的出错信息,如下所示:
2009-10-22 16:05:35 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library 1.1.16.
2009-10-22 16:05:35 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: APR capabilities: IPv6 [true], sendfile [true], accept filters [false], random [true].
2009-10-22 16:05:35 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol init
信息: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080
2009-10-22 16:05:35 org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpAprProtocol init
信息: Initializing Coyote AJP/1.3 on ajp-8009
2009-10-22 16:05:35 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
信息: Initialization processed in 493 ms
2009-10-22 16:05:35 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService start
信息: Starting service Catalina
2009-10-22 16:05:35 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine start
信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/6.0.20
2009-10-22 16:05:36 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: ContextListener: contextInitialized()
2009-10-22 16:05:36 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: SessionListener: contextInitialized()
2009-10-22 16:05:36 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
2009-10-22 16:05:38 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext filterStart
严重: Exception starting filter struts2
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.struts2.dispatchr.FilterDispatcher
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1387)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1233)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:249)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:397)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:108)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:3800)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4450)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:791)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:771)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:526)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:987)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.java:909)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:495)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1206)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:314)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:119)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:722)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:583)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)
2009-10-22 16:05:38 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
严重: Error filterStart
2009-10-22 16:05:38 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
严重: Context [/AJAX3] startup failed due to previous errors
2009-10-22 16:05:38 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: Closing Spring root WebApplicationContext
log4j:ERROR LogMananger.repositorySelector was null likely due to error in class reloading, using NOPLoggerRepository.
2009-10-22 16:05:38 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol start
信息: Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080
2009-10-22 16:05:38 org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpAprProtocol start
信息: Starting Coyote AJP/1.3 on ajp-8009
2009-10-22 16:05:38 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
信息: Server startup in 3092 ms
从MyEclipse的控制台出错信息可以很容易看出,是因为在web.xml文件中配置struts控制器时文件名写错了。
以上是个人在成长过程中一点心得。希望能给像我一样努力奋斗着的新手们一点帮助。